Ginkgo fruit is commonly known as raw ginkgo. Ginkgo is widely distributed in China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Canada, New Zealand, Australia, the United States, France, Russia and other countries and regions. Ginkgo has a wide physical geographical distribution. Judging from the horizontal natural distribution, the east-west distance of ginkgo distribution near 30 degrees north latitude is the longest. As this latitude increases or decreases, the east-west distance of ginkgo distribution gradually shortens. The higher the latitude, the more the distribution of ginkgo tends to be On the eastern coast, the lower the latitude, the more Ginkgo is distributed in the plateau and mountainous areas of the southwest.

Basic information

Chinese name

Ginkgo fruit

Alias ??

Ginkgo, Gongsun Shuzi

Subclass

Ginkgoclass

Order

Ginkgoles

Family

Ginkgoaceae< /p>

Genus

Ginkgo

Distribution area

China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Canada, New Zealand and other countries

Distribution area

Ginkgo is mainly distributed in temperate and subtropical climate zones in China, with marginal distribution reaching as far north as Liaoning Province

Ginkgo fruit

Shenyang extends to Guangzhou in Guangdong Province in the south, Nantou in Taiwan Province in the southeast, Qamdo in Tibet Autonomous Region in the west, and Putuo Island in Zhoushan in Zhejiang Province in the east, covering 22 provinces (autonomous regions) and 3 A municipality. China's ginkgo resources are mainly distributed in more than 60 counties and cities in Shandong, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong and other provinces. From the perspective of resource distribution, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui, Guangxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou and other provinces have the most resources. However, the distribution of resources in each province is also uneven, mainly concentrated in some counties or cities, such as Santai in Jiangsu. Region, Pizhou, Wuxian County, Tancheng County, Tai'an City, Yantai City in Shandong, Lingchuan and Xing'an in Guangxi, etc. After research, many ginkgo experts believe that naturally propagating ancient ginkgo groups have been found in remote mountainous areas such as Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang, Dahongshan in Hubei, and Shennongjia. They are extremely precious cultural heritage and natural landscapes and play an important role in improving the surrounding ecological environment, studying biodiversity, and ensuring the sustainable utilization of ginkgo genetic resources.

Appearance

Identification of tree morphology: deciduous trees, up to 40 meters high. The trunk is upright and the bark is gray. The branches are short and long.

Ginkgo fruit

The leaves on the branches are spirally scattered, and the leaves on the short branches are clustered. The leaves are fan-shaped, with many forked veins, and the leaves have long Handle; upper edge is 5~8 cm wide, shallowly wavy, and sometimes cracked. Dioecious; the cones are located in the leaf axils of short branches or bract axils; the male cones are in catkin-like inflorescences with many stamens; the female cones have a long stem with 2 forks at the end of the stem and a pedestal at the end of the fork, and only one develops into a seed. The seeds are drupe-shaped, oval to nearly spherical, 25-35 mm long; the outer testa is fleshy, with white powder, and is light yellow or orange when ripe; the middle testa is bony and white; the inner testa is membranous and has rich endosperm. The flowering period is from April to May; the fruiting period is from July to October.

Ginkgo fruits mature around September. When mature, the fruits are golden yellow, similar in shape to kumquats, with small white dots scattered on the surface.