Youth should constantly struggle, wind and rain are our companions, struggle is our life, and progress is our goal. We understand that only by working hard today can we get ahead. In winter, enjoy the sea of books; Summer heat wave, sweating like rain, whipping horses. The steep mountains can't stop the raging rapids, the raging rapids can't stop us from flying boats and breaking the waves, and the chilly north wind can't stop the footsteps of spring and our firm belief in defeating you.
2. Is there any way to translate ancient Chinese into vernacular Chinese? I am studying ancient Chinese now. Who has the heart to know some secrets: faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance, separation, change, adjustment, introduction, addition and deletion? The words "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance" that teachers can teach are the requirements for translating classical Chinese. "Faith" means being faithful to the original text and not distorting the original intention. Don't add or subtract branches at will. More can't follow one's inclinations, throw away the original text and fabricate it out of thin air. "Da" means fluency, which means to make the sentence perfect and keep the tone of the original text; We should also avoid the rigidity of sentences. "Elegance" means to conform to the norms of modern Chinese, and the written sentences should be vivid, beautiful, concise and smooth. In short, the translation of classical Chinese requires the accurate and smooth expression of the original content in standardized modern Chinese. "Leave, change, tune, quote, add and delete" is the basic method of classical Chinese translation. Because of the different meanings and grammars in ancient and modern times, the translation of classical Chinese should adopt corresponding methods according to the different situations of sentences and the function words and content words that make up sentences. 1. Keep the words in the original text, where there are ancient special nouns with the same meaning in ancient and modern times, such as word, name, place name, title, country name, official position, year number, posthumous title, weights and measures, etc. If it is not suitable to change them in the process of translation, the original words should be kept. For example, there are no donkeys in Guizhou, but there are good people on board. There has never been a donkey. A nosy man went there by boat with a donkey. The meanings of "donkey" and "boat" are exactly the same in ancient and modern times, and the original meaning cannot be changed in translation. In the spring of Li Qing's fourth year, Fujitsu was demoted to guarding Baling County. (Yueyang Tower)-In the spring of Yingli four years, Fujitsu was demoted to Baling County Order. Just copy it into the translation. In addition, there are many idioms in classical Chinese, which are often used in modern Chinese, such as "cutting through thorns", "changeable weather" and "close call". Most people can understand it without translation, but it looks fluent. Second, replace the text. The meanings expressed by many words in classical Chinese are still useful now, but modern Chinese is no longer expressed by the original words. Use other words instead. In translation, words with equivalent meanings in modern Chinese should be replaced. For example, in the spring of ten years, Qi attacked me. (Cao Gui's Argument)-In the spring of the tenth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, the Qi army attacked our country, Lu. In this sentence, "division" and "attack" should be changed to "army" and "attack". Also, the same word. Instead, it should be replaced by words equivalent to classical Chinese in modern Chinese to avoid misunderstanding. For example, we should lead our wife and family to this desperate place (Peach Blossom Garden)-lead our wife, children and fellow villagers to this isolated place. The ancient and modern meanings of "wife" and "desperate" are very different, so we can't apply the present meaning to understand them. You are not kind. You are so clever. Why are you fighting? (Cao Gui debate) (prepositional object)-What do you fight for? He is also from Yangzhou. ("On") (adverbial postposition)-Going home from Yangzhou. Fourth, introduce the meaning. Polysemy is very common in classical Chinese, and often a word can have two or more meanings. These meanings are not generated out of thin air, but derived, expanded and extended from the original meaning, so you can choose words suitable for the original context to translate. For example, the original meaning of "system" is manufacturing, which is extended to rules and regulations, and then to scale. Choose their extended meanings when translating. 5. Add words or sentence elements. When translating classical Chinese, words or sentence elements need to be added in the following situations. 1. There are many monosyllabic words in classical Chinese, so monosyllabic words in classical Chinese should be used as a supplement to the corresponding disyllabic words in modern Chinese when translating. Such as husband and country. There is something hidden in fear. (Cao Gui debate)-It's hard to speculate on the reality of great powers, and I'm afraid they will be ambushed by military forces. "Test", "fear" and "fear" are monosyllabic words, which should be translated into two-syllable words "speculation" (or "guess"), "fear" and "ambush". A table, a chair, a fan and a ruler are all these. (ventriloquist)-The ventriloquist is sitting in a curtain, in which there is only a table, a chair, a paper fan and a piece of wood. 3. The omission of sentence planning function powder is a common phenomenon in classical Chinese. Translation should be faithful to the original text and make necessary supplements according to the grammatical requirements and expression needs of modern Chinese. People in the village were surprised when they saw the fisherman, because he answered us in detail where he came from. The original text omits two subjects and an object, and the meaning is understood when translated. According to modern Chinese, in some sentences, it is difficult to say which words or sentence elements are omitted, just for the sake of contextual coherence. For example, in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Wu Lingren made a living by fishing. He walked along the stream and forgot the distance of the road ... (Peach Blossom Garden)-In the first year of the Jin Dynasty, there was Wu Lingren, which was a fishing industry. (One day), he walked (rowed) along the river and forgot the distance of the road ... In modern Chinese, if there is no corresponding word, it can be deleted without translation. For example, Chen is from Yangcheng. (Chen She family)-The symbol of Bobby Chen is "..."
3. Kneel for a short paragraph of classical Chinese about war (full text). Good afternoon. I hope I can help you ~ ~
Sui Tang lived up to his mission.
The king of Qin said to Anling, "I'm going to exchange the land around 500 miles for Anling. Anling must promise me!" " ! "An Lingjun said:" Your majesty is generous, and it is very good to turn the big into the small. Although I took over the land from my late king, I am willing to keep it, and I dare to change it! "The king of Qin is not happy. So King Anling sent Tang Ju to the State of Qin.
The king of Qin said to Tang Biao, "My 500-mile land is easy for me to settle down in Anling. Why doesn't Anling listen to me?" Besides, it's not bad that Qin destroyed Korea and Wei, and you live in a place five miles away and are an elder. Today, I am ten times as big as you, please be lenient with you, be my enemy and be lighter than me? " Tang Ju said to him, "No, if not. Ling Jun was guarded by the former king. Although I dare not change a thousand miles, what about five hundred miles straight? "
The king of Qin was furious and said to Tang Ju, "Have you ever tasted the anger of the son of heaven?" Tang Ju replied: "I have never heard of it." The king of Qin said, "The emperor was angry, and the bodies were scattered everywhere, bleeding thousands of miles." . "Tang Ju said," your majesty heard of public anger? " ? " The king of Qin said, "Anger with cloth, bareheaded, and grabbing the land with your head." Tang Ju said, "This mediocre man is full of spirit, and he is not a scholar. Zhuan Xu stabbed Liao Wang, and the comet hit the moon; Nie Zhengzhi stabbed Han Yu and Bai Hongguan; If you want to leave a thorn, Cang ying will hit the temple. These three sons, all dressed in cloth, are still angry, but they are not sent to heaven, just four ministers. When you are angry, you lie on two bodies and bleed in five steps. Today is also this day. " He drew his sword from its sheath.
The king of Qin scratched his face and knelt down to thank him. "Please sit down, Sir! What about this! My words are: Fu Han and Wei died, and Anling lived in a land of fifty miles, just to have a husband. "
translate
The king of Qin sent someone to find Anlingjun: "I want to exchange 500 miles of land in Fiona Fang for Anlingjun, and Anlingjun must promise me!" An Lingjun said: "The king gave you a favor and exchanged a large piece of land for a small piece, which is very good;" Even so, I accepted the fief from my late king, and I am willing to protect it all the time. I really dare not change! " The king of Qin was very dissatisfied. So Anlingjun sent Tang Ju to the State of Qin.
The King of Qin said to Tang Ju, "I traded 500 miles of land in Fiona Fang for Anlingjun, but Anlingjun didn't listen to me. Why? Besides, Qin destroyed South Korea and Wei, but Anlingjun survived with the land of five miles in Fiona Fang, because I took Anlingjun as a loyal minister, so I didn't play his mind. Now I use ten times the land of Anlingjun to expand the territory, but he doesn't despise me against my will? " Tang Ju replied, "No, it's not like that. A Ling Junren accepted the fief from the former king and defended it. Even a thousand miles of land can't be exchanged, let alone just five hundred miles? "
The king of Qin was furious and said to Tang Ju, "Have you ever heard of the anger of the Emperor?" Tang Ju replied: "I have never heard of it." The king of Qin said, "The son of heaven is angry, with millions of corpses and thousands of miles of blood." Tang Ju said, "Has your Majesty ever heard of the anger of civilians?" The king of Qin said, "When civilians get angry, they take off their hats and walk barefoot, hitting their heads on the ground." Tang Ju said: "This is the anger of mediocre and incompetent people, not the anger of talented and courageous people. When Zhuan Xu assassinated Wu Wangliao, the comet's tail swept the moon, and when Nie Zheng assassinated South Korea, a white light shone directly at the sun. When he was about to assassinate Qing Ji, the goshawk suddenly pounced on the palace. All three of them are talented and courageous people in the common people, and before their anger broke out, heaven sent down a sign of bad luck. Now, (Zhu, Nie Zheng, leaving) me and four people. If talented and courageous people must be angry, the blood of two dead people is only five steps away, and everyone in the world has to wear mourning. This is the case today. " So he drew his sword and stood up.
The king of Qin changed his face and knelt down to apologize to Tang Ju, saying, "Please sit down, sir! How could this happen! I see: the reason why South Korea and Wei perished, while Anling survived with a land of fifty miles, was only because there was a gentleman! "
~~~
4. Play an idiom in the challenge book and retaliate with domineering language in the challenge book.
Do you know
Explain the blow: attack. Fight back at each other with a hostile attitude.
People's Daily (1988. 12.5438+0): "Revealed the truth that we were retaliated after reporting to our superiors that our store had withheld profits of 650,000 yuan."
Structural combination.
Usage is used as a derogatory term. Describe people who have opposed themselves; Use means or authority to make things difficult, suppress or frame up. Generally used as a predicate.
Complex pronunciation; You can't pronounce "fú".
For example, if anyone exposes the masses ~; No matter who they are, they will be punished by party discipline and state law.