According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, the late master said, "Ma Su exaggerates, so he can't use it. You can observe it! " Zi Tongzhi Sword is roughly the same as recorded, which is why Liu Bei warned Zhuge Liang and Ma Su not to use it. But the key is when. The so-called abdication refers to the death of a person with official status. The Three Kingdoms is based on Cao Wei, so although Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, he could not dedicate the word "collapse" to the emperor. Therefore, this time is just before Liu Bei died. However, it should be noted that Liu Bei's "dying" lasted more than two months before his death, not when he entrusted orphans.
Reflection? Shu Shu? "Ancestral" records: "In the spring and February of three years, Prime Minister Liang became the capital of Yong 'an. In March ..... My late master was seriously ill, leaving Zhuge Liang alone, and his ministers ordered Li Yan to be his deputy. In the summer of April (April 24), my late master died in Yong 'an Palace at the age of 63. "
So Zhuge Liang went to Yong 'an in February. "In March, Liu Bei left Zhuge Liang alone, and on April 24th, Liu Bei died. This period was Liu Bei's last days. It's not a scene from a novel or a TV series. Zhuge Liang rushed to the palace, and Liu Bei was already lying in bed dying. He said a few words in tears and died. No! Liu Beiyou talked with Zhuge Liang for more than two months.
In the formal trusteeship in March, Liu Bei explained some key issues, such as Zhuge Liang, Li Yan, Liu Yuxin and Chen. For example, tell Zhuge Liang, "If the heir can add, add; If you are incompetent, you can take it yourself. "Let Li Yan be in charge of the internal and external military affairs recorded in the Biography of Li Yan (of course, it's just a blank check, and the power is still in Zhuge Liang's hand), and leave a testamentary edict to warn Liu Chan (there is a famous saying" Don't do it with evil small, don't do it with good small "). This is the most critical. If Liu Bei had only a few hours to entrust an orphan, he would have said it quickly and wouldn't care a little about Ma Su.
But since there are still more than two months, we can talk to Zhuge Liang more. During this period, Liu Bei must have mentioned many officials, definitely not just Ma Su, but also officials who can say "don't be of great use". More importantly, he wants to tell Zhuge Liang which officials can be of great use. For example, Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Dong Yun and Xiang Chong mentioned in Liezi are all Liu Bei's favorite subjects. These may have been told to Zhuge Liang by Liu Bei two months before his death. Of course, when I recorded these people, I didn't tell what Liu Bei said on his deathbed, because these people didn't get into trouble. It was really because Zhuge Liang didn't listen to Liu Bei that Ma Su was reused and promoted abnormally, which led to the defeat of Jieting. Therefore, when people don't listen to advice, they will always regret it, so they emphasize this matter to warn future generations.
In fact, Liu Bei is not always accurate in judging people and employing people. The reason why he despises Masu is probably because he talks big. The pragmatic comrades of the older generation often look down on the sharp-edged young people, which is not necessarily far-sighted. If Ma Su succeeds, history will probably praise Zhuge Liang for knowing people and being kind, instead of mentioning Liu Bei's last warning.