Using Freudian psychoanalysis to analyze Hamlet's Oedipus plot

"Hamlet" tells the story of the young prince Hamlet who avenges his father and finally dies with his enemy. This play is one of Shakespeare's masterpieces. It pushes the conflict between irresistible fate and personal pursuit in the West to the extreme. He is controlled by fate to do things he does not want to do, but at the same time feels powerless to resist. , Hamlet embodies this tragic spirit everywhere in the play. At the beginning of the play, the protagonist Hamlet faces three major blows: the sudden death of his father, the remarriage of his mother, and the loss of the throne. Suddenly, a young prince who was full of beautiful dreams for the future was placed in an unbearable reality, so he sighed like this: "Perhaps the eternal true God has not made a law prohibiting killing in vain! God! God! What is the best thing in the world?" How disgusting, stale, dull and boring everything seems to me! Huh! Huh! That is a barren garden, full of vicious weeds... Such a good king, compared with this one, It's such a god and an ugly thing... I only have one month left, I can't think about it anymore! Fragile, your name is woman! Just one month ago, she cried like a tearful person and sent me. The poor father was buried; and the shoes she wore at the funeral were not worn out, and she, God! an irrational beast must grieve longer—she would marry me. Uncle... In just one month, before the redness and swelling in her eyes shed tears of hypocrisy, she got married. Oh, the sinful haste, she couldn't wait to get into the incest quilt..." From then on. From the monologue at the beginning of Hamlet's play, we can see that in the face of the three major blows that suddenly appeared in life, the most powerful blow was not the death of his father or the loss of his throne, but the remarriage of his mother. More than half of Hamlet's soliloquy is filled with indignation at his mother's remarriage. It can be seen that this incident is more difficult to accept than the other two. Why? More than 300 years later, Freud, an expert in psychological analysis, proposed an "Oedipus complex", that is, boys in the world have the complex to kill their fathers and marry their mothers, and girls have the complex to kill their mothers and marry their fathers. Freud also believed that when people become sensible in childhood, due to social pressure, libido impulses cannot be satisfied at any time and are often suppressed, forming "complexes" unconsciously. It is an unconscious gathering of emotional power. All boys have the psychological tendency of Oedipus to be jealous of their father, kill their father and marry their mother, that is, they have the "Oedipus complex", also known as the "Oedipus complex". And most people can release libido impulse transfer methods, such as lying, fighting, etc. Hamlet's famous line in the soliloquy above: "Frailty, thy name is woman!" This sentence has been interpreted in various ways over the centuries. I personally think this is an obvious release of libido impulses from Hamlet's Oedipus complex. Later, Hamlet learned the cause of his father's death through a dialogue with his father's soul and began the process of revenge. As the plot develops, Hamlet reflects the shortcomings of loneliness and worry in his character. The lack of decisive action led to many missed opportunities to kill Claudius. He always thinks about things that are not directly related to revenge before acting, such as this famous soliloquy: "To be or not to be, that is a question worth considering." General comments believe that for people with a sensitive and worrying character like Hamlet, For them, it would be great if life was always the same. In that way, in a safe state, their delicate emotions are a kind of reverie worth pondering, and they can enjoy the happiness of this kind of thinking to the greatest extent without being tortured by it. The question of "To be or not to be" has repeatedly troubled Hamlet. Of course, it is not just a question of survival and death, but also a value judgment of everything, whether to do or not to do, to go or not to go. To sacrifice or not to sacrifice? Rational thinking can guide action, but too much thinking will delay the opportunity. People who worry too much are often weak at heart, and too much concern about the consequences makes them unwilling to make major decisions. But I personally think that this is a factor that impacts small contradictions and big contradictions. First of all, the biggest pain that troubles Hamlet is his mother's remarriage. The second is his "narcissism" plot. Although the "Oedipus complex" etc. play a very important role in everyone.

In addition to the Oedipus complex, every child has a tendency of "narcissism" to varying degrees, that is, love for himself. He becomes his own first and last love object. This is because children's innate "libido" needs to find an exit outside the body. Since it cannot find this exit at first, it is forced to stay inside, forming "narcissism". If the Oedipus complex and narcissistic tendencies are not properly resolved, they often lead to psychological disorders or mental illness. Then, Hamlet's indecisiveness, sensitivity and worry are caused by this "narcissism". Then, Freud further pointed out that the Oedipus complex is the original motivation for writers and artists to engage in artistic creation. Freud believed that every child has the feeling of loving his mother and hating his father, which is even more clear in the childhood of writers and artists. "Oedipus King" and "Hamlet" are both expressions of the Oedipus complex, but the difference is, "In "Oedipus King", the basic desire-filled fantasy of children is unfolding in dreams, And it is realized. In "Hamlet", the fantasy is suppressed. "① Freud concluded that Shakespeare wrote "Hamlet" out of the Oedipus complex, and believed that the reason why Hamlet repeatedly delayed revenge for his father was Also stems from the Oedipus complex - Hamlet can do anything but seek revenge on the man who killed his father, usurped the throne and married his mother, the man who showed him the fulfillment of his own repressed childhood desires. . In this way, the hostility in his heart that drove him to revenge was replaced by self-reproach and conscience concerns. The reason why he was unable to make up his mind to kill his enemy uncle Claudius was because Hamlet himself also has the patricide Oedipus complex, which finally constrains him to the point of losing the ability to act. His hesitation and delay in his uncle's revenge action is a symptom of his instinctive understanding and attitude towards himself, that is, he deeply feels that he is actually No better than the criminal he was about to punish. ② Freud further pointed out that "Oedipus Rex", "Hamlet", and "The Brothers Karamazov" are three world-famous university masterpieces. They appeared in different eras and countries, and they all reflect the same theme, that is, "Carrying out a love killing for a woman" is the Oedipus complex of Oedipus' mother hating her father and her father marrying her mother. It can be seen that in Freud's view, Oedipus emotions are not only suitable to explain each writer's childhood experience and its relationship with literary creation, but at the same time, the Oedipus complex is suitable for explaining the universal spiritual tendencies of the entire human childhood. It is also very meaningful that all human cultural creations originate from Oedipus emotions. Freud declared in "Totem and Taboo": "I can say with certainty that the origins of religion, morality, society and art are all tied to the Oedipus syndrome." Sometimes, the repressed Oedipus The crux of the disease breaks through the blockade of the subconscious mind and slips into the conscious mind. However, they appear in the form of imitation, most often in the form of art. This form is obviously less objectionable to us. Hamlet's inner conflict may be closer to the Oedipal conflict of a typical neurotic. The Oedipus complex is a psychological organization of a triangular interpersonal structure, that is, the individual itself, the loved object, and the enforcer (the system of taboos). Along with the conflicting and contradictory emotions of love, hate, fear, etc., it will continues its role in human society and creates a certain sense of neurotic conflict in our society. And great works of art express the universal Oedipus complex of human beings, so they can move thousands of appreciators of different eras and nationalities and arouse their strong screams