Original title: Kong Rong, this person, reminds us of a story and a famous saying. Kong Rong is the nineteenth generation grandson of Confucius. His seventh-generation ancestor Kong Ba was the teacher of Emperor Yuan of Han Dynasty, and he was an official in the imperial court. His father, Kong Zhou, once served as the captain of Taishan. He had outstanding talents when he was young and was praised by the famous scholar Li Ying. The story of Kong Rong letting pears is recorded in "Shishuo Xinyu Jianshu" and "Book of the Later Han·Biography of Kong Rong". In the "Three Character Classic", there is a saying that "when you are four years old, you can make pears", which refers to the story that Kong Rong knew how to give big pears to his brother when he was a child, and taught children to know how to abide by public order and good customs. After growing up, Kong Rong began to enter the official career. At the beginning of Zhongping (185), he was promoted to a high position and served as the censor. However, he did not get along with Zhongcheng and resigned due to illness. Later, Sikong Mansion was established as a staff member, and he was worshiped as the Zhongjun Marquis and moved to Hu Ben Zhonglang General. In the first year of Chuping (the first year of Emperor Xian's reign) (190), because of his dissatisfaction with Dong Zhuo, he became Yilang and went to Beihai County, Qingzhou (the name of the county in the Eastern Han Dynasty, where the government is located today in the west of Changle, Shandong), where the Yellow Turban Army was most prosperous. People at that time also called him "Kong Beihai". In the second year of Xingping (195), Liu Bei recommended him to be the governor of Qingzhou. In the first year of Jian'an (196), Yuan Tan, the son of Yuan Shao, attacked Qingzhou. Kong Rong ran away alone, and his wife He was captured. Cao Cao moved the imperial capital to Xuchang, and Kong Rong successively served as general master, Shaofu, and Taizhong doctor. At this time, Cao Cao was in power. He and Cao Cao had political differences and attacked Yecheng and massacred the residents of Yecheng. Many of the women of Yuan Shao's family were robbed. Cao Cao's son Cao Pi secretly married Yuan Xi's wife Zhen. Kong Rong wrote to Cao Cao, saying: "King Wu defeated Zhou and rewarded Daji to Duke Zhou." "Cao Cao didn't understand, and later asked Kong Rong what scripture this came from. Kong Rong replied: "Based on the current situation, it's just a matter of course. "In the twelfth year of Jian'an (207), Cao Cao went north to attack Wuhuan. Kong Rong laughed at him again and said: "The general (Cao Cao) went on an expedition and was depressed overseas. In the past, Shu was careful not to pay tribute to Mu Kuya, and Ding Ling stole Su Wu's cattle and sheep. , we can attack them together! "At that time, there was famine and war, and Cao Cao petitioned to ban alcohol. Kong Rong wrote to Cao Cao many times, arguing that he should not ban alcohol, and most of his words were arrogant and rude. Kong Rong had seen that Cao Cao's treacherousness and deceit were gradually revealed, and he became more and more He couldn't bear it, so he often offended Cao Cao with his extreme remarks. He also once submitted that the ancient capital system should be followed, and no feudal princes should be allowed within a thousand miles. Cao Cao suspected that what he talked about became more and more widespread, and he became even more afraid of him. Although he was famous in the world, he pretended to be tolerant on the surface, but secretly he was jealous of his correct comments and was afraid of hindering his great cause. Cao Cao was full of suspicion and jealousy, and there were people who framed him, so he ordered the Prime Minister's army to plan a wine sacrifice in vain. Kong Rong was told that he sent people to arrest Kong Rong's family on charges of "recruiting disciples," "wanting evil intentions," "slandering the court," and "disobeying extraordinary etiquette." Kong Rong asked who came, I hope to save the two young sons, but one of them said a famous saying: "How can there be any intact eggs under the overturned nest?" Kong, August 29, the 13th year of Jian'an (September 26, 208) Kong Rong was executed and his whole family was implicated. Kong Rong was fifty-six years old.