1) Autosuggestion method
That is, using self-talk to remind yourself to "focus", "don't be distracted", and "listen hard" when studying; you can also Find a few small cards with sentences such as "Listen attentively", "Don't be distracted", "Young people will be sad if they don't work hard" written on them, and then put them in a place where you can easily see them, such as a pencil case. Or stick it on the wall in front of your desk at home, or put it in a textbook. In this way, whether you are listening to lectures in class or doing homework at home, as soon as you see them, you will remind yourself, "Don't be distracted!" Self-suggestion can stimulate inner psychological potential, mobilize the enthusiasm of mental activities, help concentrate, and overcome difficulties. Pay attention to distraction.
(2) Situational Imagination
No matter how distracted a student is, when participating in important exams or competitions, he will try his best to concentrate on answering and give his best. Best level. Similarly, every time you do homework, imagine that you are taking part in a major exam or competition, and you must complete it within the specified time to improve your efficiency per unit of time. This will make you really nervous and your attention will naturally focus. As the famous mathematician Yang Le said: "Usually do homework as seriously as exams, and you can do exams as easily as homework."
(3) Cultivate indirect interest
Unintentional Attention is caused by direct interest (interest in the activity itself), and intentional attention is stimulated by indirect interest (interest in the purpose and meaning of the activity). Therefore, indirect interest plays an important role in the development of students' attention. To cultivate indirect interest, first, we must establish lofty ideals and clarify our own efforts or goals; second, we must stimulate curiosity and thirst for knowledge, and maintain a strong desire to explore the knowledge we have learned; third, we must establish the correct motivation for learning and prepare ourselves for the future. development, study hard for the prosperity of the motherland, and inspire yourself with ideal goals.
(4) Recording method
Prepare a small notebook for yourself specifically to record the content of your distracted child. For example, if you think of the entertainment news you read yesterday in politics class today, you should record it in your notebook: "Politics class - entertainment news - about a minute and a half"... After recording this for a few days, you should read it carefully from beginning to end. Once again, on the one hand, you will discover what the content of your random thoughts is, find relevant stimuli that easily distract your attention, and then avoid these stimuli in a targeted manner. On the other hand, we must fully realize its adverse consequences, which waste valuable time and interfere with the learning process. If you persist in this way for a period of time, your "mind-wandering" will change.
(5) Self-reward and punishment method
Every time before doing homework or reviewing homework, first set a timetable for yourself, from what time to what time to complete what Content, quantify your work, the more specific the better. If you complete your study plan within the stipulated time and you are always attentive, you can reward yourself: watch TV or listen to music for a while; on the contrary, if your plan fails due to distraction, then you should punish you mercilessly Do things you don't want to do by yourself, such as doing chores or running up the stairs. If things go on like this, you will gradually develop the good habit of concentrating on learning in order to get rewards and avoid punishment.
(6) Training listening skills
Intentional attention is a complex mental work. Over time, it will cause brain fatigue and lead to distraction. To train listening skills, firstly, learners are required to preview before class and understand the key points and difficulties of the teacher's lecture; secondly, during the lecture, they should adjust their mental state according to the progress of the teacher's lecture, concentrate on key questions and relax appropriately for secondary questions; The first is to listen to the lecture with questions, and you can consciously look for problems, discover differences, and stimulate interest in the lecture; the fourth is to strive to follow the teacher's ideas in the lecture, find out your own difficulties, and ask questions in a timely manner.
In addition, it is also very important to eliminate interference factors when studying. First of all, you should choose a quiet, comfortable, and familiar learning environment to avoid accepting new stimuli. Secondly, factors such as sounds, scenery, and unexpected events should be consciously eliminated during the learning process. Thirdly, we must pay attention to the balance between work and rest, and arrange study time reasonably. Wen Yiduo once said: “If you want to play, play happily, and if you want to learn, learn steadily.
Lenin also had a famous saying: "He who cannot rest cannot work." "Fourth, we must set up a strong psychological barrier. Man can conquer nature. The stronger the belief in learning, any factors unrelated to learning can be "turned a blind eye and ignored." ”