"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" contains 1,798 people, of which about 1,200 are named. It is indeed the masterpiece with the most characters in ancient novels. There are 1,191 named characters in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", of which there are about 600 fictional characters, but most of them are minor figures (for example, the 6 people Guan Yu killed after passing the five levels were all fictitious, because this incident was originally fictitious) )

The following is a brief list of some differences between the novel and history:

Zhang Fei’s character: Zhang Fei’s character is Yide, not Yide. The Three Heroes Battle against Lü Bu: Lü Bu was defeated by Sun Jian at Hulao Pass, and Liu Bei and others did not participate in the attack on the combined army of Dong and Dong. Guan Yunchang warmed wine and beheaded Hua Xiong: Hua Xiong actually died in the confrontation with Sun Jian's troops. Ten permanent attendants: Historically, the ten permanent attendants were Zhang Rang, Zhao Zhong, Xia Yun, Guo Sheng, Sun Zhang, Bi Lan, Li Song, Duan Gui, Gao Wang, Zhang Gong, Han Kui, and Song Dian. Romance in the Taoyuan: A fictional plot. Liu Guan and Zhang are just brothers in love. The author made it up to highlight the righteousness of the three people below. Famous weapons: Famous weapons such as the double-pronged sword, Qinglong Yanyue Sword, Zhangba Snake Spear, Fangtian Painted Halberd, Qingzhi Sword, etc. are fictitious. Zhang Fei whipped the governor: It was Liu Bei who did it. Because the governor refused to see Liu Bei, Liu Bei was furious and beat the governor with his stick. It was not Zhang Fei's doing. Cao Cao offered a seven-star sword: It is also fictional. In the novel, Cao Cao attempted to assassinate Dong Zhuo by offering the sword. In "Three Kingdoms", Cao Cao believed that Dong Zhuo would eventually be defeated and rushed back to his hometown overnight. I would rather teach me to betray the world than teach the world to betray me: The original words of Cao Cao's famous saying should be "I would rather betray others than others betray me." The description in the novel has ulterior motives, which is actually to belittle Cao Cao.

Three Kingdoms (5 photos) Death of Sun Jian: Because he pursued the enemy with only a few followers, he was caught in an ambush by Huang Zu and died in Xian Mountain. The death of Empress Dowager Dong: Empress Dowager Dong actually died of illness, not poisoned by He Hou. Tao Qian: Tao Qian’s behavior is inconsistent with historical facts. Guan Yu's execution of chariots and horses in Xuzhou: It was also done by Liu Bei, not Guan Yu. There are three things about Tushan: there is no such thing in historical facts. Bloody Edict on Clothes: This is indeed true, but Ma Teng is a warlord with a bandit nature, and attacking Li Guo is just a personal grudge. Red Rabbit Horse: After Lu Bu's defeat, the Red Rabbit Horse disappeared. It did not become Guan Yu's mount. Guan Yu punished Wen Chou: Wen Chou died in Cao's army's rebellion. Possibly killed by soldiers of Guan Yu, Zhang Liao or Xu Huang. Death of Sun Ce: He was assassinated by an assassin. The assassin was a domestic slave and retainer of Xu Gong, the former prefect of Wu County. His death was not caused by Yu Ji's sorcery. Passing Five Passes and Killing Six Generals: A fictional plot. After Guan Yu left Cao Cao, he did not pass the five passes, and Kong Xiu, Meng Tan, Han Fu, Bian Xi, Wang Zhi and Qin Qi were not recorded in historical records. Guo Jia left behind a plan to conquer Liaodong: a fictional plot. Guo Jia died suddenly at the age of thirty-eight without leaving any plan. This plan was Cao Cao's own plan. Guan Yu's ancient city beheaded Cai Yang: Liu Bei did it, and the location was not the ancient city. Xu Shu’s wisdom: Xu Shu is rarely recorded in official history. He is a character that the author tried his best to describe in order to highlight Zhuge’s wisdom below. Xu Shu enters Cao Ying: Cao Cao marched south, Xu Shu fled south with Liu Bei, Xu Shu's mother was captured in the rebellion, Xu Shu bid farewell to Liu Bei and entered Cao Ying, and later became an important minister of Wei. Zhuge Liang burned Bowang Slope: Liu Bei did it, Zhuge Liang was not out of the mountain at that time. Zhuge Liang's Burning of the New Country: There is no record in history and it was made up by Luo Guanzhong. Changbanpo Zhao Yun's seven entries and seven exits: Historically, Zhao Yun only rescued Mrs. Gan and Adou, but there is no record of seven entries and seven exits. Changbanpo Wenpin battle against Liu Bei: Historically, Liu Bei's army was defeated by Cao Cao's five thousand tiger and leopard cavalry. Mrs. Mi jumped into the well: there is no record in official history. Liu Cong was killed: After surrendering Jingzhou, he was appointed by Cao Cao as the governor of Qingzhou and granted the title of Marquis. He was not killed. Later, in order to commend his achievements, Cao Cao moved him to the position of admonishing doctor. Wu Guotai: A fictional character. Sun Quan’s mother had died of illness long ago in front of Ganlu Temple. Confucianism: Only records Zhuge Liang's meeting with Sun Quan. The war faction and the peace faction in Soochow are increasingly competing with each other. Zhuge Liang is just an envoy. Zhou Yu outsmarted Jiang Qian: After the Battle of Chibi, Jiang Qian failed to persuade Zhou Yu. Death of Taishi Ci: Taishi Ci died of illness in 207 and did not participate in the Battle of Hefei. Zhuge Liang's wisdom inspired Zhou Yu: It was Zhou Yu's wisdom that inspired Sun Quan. Borrowing arrows from straw boats: This did not happen during the Battle of Chibi. Sun Quan had a similar case of borrowing arrows from straw boats only in the Battle of Ruxuwu. The bitter meat plan: It is true that Huang Gai pretended to surrender, but there is no historical record of the bitter meat plan. Kan Ze: Kan Ze was an important minister of the Eastern Wu Dynasty. He was a figure respected by Sun Quan and had never participated in military operations. Pang Tong presented the Lian Lian strategy: Lian Lian was Cao Cao's decision, and Pang Tong had never participated in the Battle of Chibi. Kong Ming seeks the east wind: It is purely fictional and was added to the novel by Luo Guanzhong in order to show off Zhuge Liang's "divine calculation". Battle of Chibi: Both the "Book of Wei" and "Book of Shu" record that Cao Cao was defeated in battle with Liu Bei. Sun Quan's army did participate in this battle, but it was difficult to achieve full success. In fact, Zhou Yu attacked with fire in the front, and Cao Cao burned the ships in the rear. Hua Rong said: Liu Bei led his troops to pursue the defeated Cao Cao, but he arrived too late and Cao Cao ran away. The Battle of Nanjun: It did not happen. After Zhou Yu's death, Lu Su persuaded Sun Quan to lend Jiangling to Liu Bei. Borrowing Jiangling (Jingzhou was divided between Cao, Sun and Liu at that time, Sun Quan did not "borrow Jingzhou") in order to give Cao Cao one more powerful enemy. Guan Yu's battle with Huang Zhong: Liu Bei conquered Jingnan, and the guards of the four counties surrendered. Huang Zhong surrendered with Han Xuan, the governor of Changsha. Marriage between Sun and Liu: Mrs. Sun's marriage to Liu Bei was only a political marriage, but there is indeed a record of her throwing herself into the river in "The Legend of the Martyred Girl". Moreover, it was not Zhou Yu’s idea, but Sun Quan’s choice.

Losing his wife and losing his troops: Sun Quan did not adopt Zhou Yu's beauty trick, but voluntarily married his sister to Liu Bei. Three Qi Zhou Yu: Historical records record Zhou Yu's rational, generous and friendly style. And Zhuge has never even met, so the three-qi Zhou Yu is purely fictional. Zhou Yu died of illness in Baqiu on the way to conquer Shu, but he was not angry to death due to Zhuge Liang's intelligence. The Wolong Diao Xiao at Sanjiangkou: Diao Zhou Yu is Pang Tong, not Zhuge Liang. Ma Chao raised troops: Contrary to historical facts, Ma Chao raised troops first, causing his father Ma Teng to be killed. The little people who reported to Cao Cao: Qin Qingtong and Miao Ze are missing from the historical records. Zhang Song presented the map: Liu Bei asked Zhang Song about the situation of soldiers, horses, food, money, etc. in Shu, so Zhang Song drew a map for Liu Bei. Luofengpo: It should be that Pang Tong died from an arrow when he attacked Luocheng, not that he was shot to death by random arrows at Luofengpo. Ma Chao's battle with Zhang Fei: It was Ma Chao who wrote a private letter to Liu Bei asking for surrender. There was no incident in the novel where Zhang Fei and Ma Chao fought for more than 200 rounds without deciding the outcome, and were later surrendered by Zhuge Liang. Conquest of Hanzhong: The commander-in-chief during the conquest of Hanzhong was Liu Bei, who was also the staff officer of Fazheng. Plan to seize Tiandang Mountain: pure fiction. Battle of Dingjun Mountain: Xia Houyuan was killed in Huang Zhong's surprise attack. Although he was indeed killed by Huang Zhong, he was definitely not killed before he could mount his horse as said in the novel. Cao Cao killed Yang Xiu: Yang Xiu was not killed on the eve of Cao Cao's withdrawal. In fact, he was killed after Cao Cao withdrew his troops. In official history, there is no incident of Cao Cao fighting again with the Shu army after killing Yang Xiu, and having his front teeth shot out by Wei Yan. Five Tiger Generals: Liu Bei did not name the "Five Tiger Generals", but only named Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Ma Chao, Huang Zhong, and Zhao Yun as the front, left, right, and back Zhendong generals respectively. The Five Tiger Generals are called the Five Tiger Generals because the biographies of Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Ma Chao, Huang Zhong, and Zhao Yun are placed in the same chapter in the Three Kingdoms. Zhou Cang, Hu Ban: fictional characters, no records in history. Guan Yu's one-on-one meeting: In fact, Lu Su invited Guan Yu to discuss matters in Jingzhou before the battle, but the two sides did not reach an agreement. Scraping bones to heal wounds: Scraping bones to heal wounds is indeed a thing, but the surgeon was not Hua Tuo, because Hua Tuo had died before the Battle of Chibi. Guan Yu Maicheng refused to surrender: There is no record, but he refused to surrender after being captured and was beheaded. Yuquan Appears as a Saint, Chasing Lü Meng's Life: Yuquan Appears as a Saint is adapted from the story of Yuquan Temple's construction in the Tang Dynasty, while Lü Meng died of illness. Seventy-two Doubt Tombs: Cao Cao is buried in Gaoling. Zhang Fei: Zhang Fei should be a handsome man, and he is good at calligraphy and painting, as evidenced by historical books and statues. Guan Ping: Guan Yu's eldest son, not his adopted son, followed Yu to the army. His name only appears twice in the Three Kingdoms. Guan Xing: Weak Guan (nearly twenty years old) was appointed as a servant and supervisor of the army because of his talent. He was both civil and military, and was highly regarded by Zhuge Liang. He died a few years after the Battle of Yiling. Zhang Bao: Although he died young, he left an heir, Zhang Zun. Mi Fang: I didn’t see him being executed by Ling Chi after he escaped back to the Shu camp. After the war in Yiling, he followed He Qi on his expedition to the Qichun area of ??Wei State. Lu Bu was a general of Ding Yuan and Dong Zhuo, and also served Yuan Shu. He was once named Xuzhou Mu, and later became his own force. In the third year of Jian'an (198), he was defeated and executed by Cao Cao in Xiapi. Due to the influence of the novel "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and various folk arts, Lu Bu has always existed in people's minds as the "most powerful general of the Three Kingdoms". Fan Jiang and Zhang Da: It is also not known that Sun Quan escorted him and Zhang Da back to Shu in order to avoid war. After they took refuge with Sun Quan, there was no further incident. Kan Ze recommended Lu Xun: Lu Xun was Lu Meng's deputy in Jingzhou. After Lu Meng's death, Lu Xun naturally took over the defense of Soochow's western front. Battle of Yiling: Wu’s army numbered 50,000 to 60,000, and Shu’s army numbered 40,000. It was not that they could win with less, but the morale of the Shu army was indeed low. Death of Pan Zhang: Pan Zhang made military exploits for Sun Quan in the Battle of Yiling and killed Feng Xi and others. He died in 234. Bai Di Tuogu: When Liu Bei died, he Tuogu, Zhuge Liang and Li Yan... He said to Zhuge Liang: "If you are ten times as talented as Cao Pi, you will surely be able to secure the country and settle major events. If your heir can assist you, you can assist him; if he is not talented, you can take care of yourself." This can be seen in "The Biography of Zhuge Liang in the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms". The Eight Formations: The Eight Formations are the art of war formations created by Zhuge Liang, not the stone formations or mazes of gods and monsters. Seven captures of Meng Huo: There is no record of seven captures of Meng Huo in "Three Kingdoms". However, "Han, Jin, Spring and Autumn" and "Huayang Guozhi" mentioned "seven captures and seven verticals", but the specific process is not recorded, and E Huan, Zhu Rong, Meng You, Mulu King, etc. were all created in novels. Six Expeditions from Qishan: Zhuge Liang attacked Wei five times, but only the first and fourth times he went out from Qishan. The five achievements were: the first time he was defeated by Jieting because Ma Di violated Jiedu; the second time he cooperated with Soochow to fight , failed to attack Chencang, but killed general Wang Shuang during the retreat (the incident of going out to Chencang is basically the same as in the novel); the third time he successfully attacked Wudu and Yinping counties, and defeated Guo Huai; the fourth time he defeated Sima Yi; The fifth time Sima Yi did not dare to go to war, but Zhuge Liang died of illness (the Shu army advanced the national border a lot in this battle, and then Jiang Wei's Northern Expedition advanced again). Jiang Wei: Jiang Wei has never defeated Zhao Yun, nor has he defeated Zhuge Liang. It was because Ma Zun suspected that Jiang Wei and others had different intentions, so he also followed Guo Huai to Shanggui by night. Jiang Wei found out that Ma Zun had left and had nothing to do with Zun. When Jiang Wei returned to Yixian, the officials and people of Yixian were overjoyed and recommended Jiang Wei to meet Zhuge Liang. Hao Zhao: It was Cao Zhen who recommended Hao Zhao to guard Chencang, not Sima Yi. Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang: During Zhuge Liang's first three Northern Expeditions, the Wei army was not led by Sima Yi but by Cao Zhen. Cao Zhen: Cao Zhen in official history is not a waste like in the novel. Not only is he extraordinary in courage, he is also excellent in all aspects, and he basically did not lose the upper hand against Zhuge Liang. Lost Street Pavilion: The commander-in-chief of the Wei army is Zhang He, not Sima Yi. Empty City Strategy: After the defeat of Jieting, the Wei army did not pursue the Shu army. Zhuge Liang only moved the people and food in Xi County.

Moreover, the chief general of the Wei army at that time was not Sima Yi. The real empty city strategy was used by Emperor Wu of Wei Cao Cao, General Wenpin of Wei, and Zhao Yun of Shu. Cao Zhen was so angry that he died of illness in Luoyang. Zhuge Liang scolded Wang Lang to death: Wang Lang died of illness in 228 and did not go to war with the army. Zhuge Liang failed in his fourth Northern Expedition: there is no record of Gou An in the history books. In fact, the failure of the Northern Expedition was because Li Yan was late in raising food and falsely conveyed Liu Chan's imperial edict to withdraw the troops. In addition, the Shu army was about to run out of food and grass, so he made up this story. The little guy guessed that Luo Guanzhong wanted to show that Sima Yi relied on luck to win this time and burned Shangfang Valley: Zhuge Liang defeated the Wei army in Lucheng, and Sima Yi only defended the camp with his own body. "Three Kingdoms" does not mention what kind of tactics were used to defeat the Wei army. The rural legends of Shaanxi are not much different from the novels; Shangfang Valley, sometimes called Hulu Valley, is suspected to be the nickname of Lucheng. Dead Zhuge scares away living Zhongda: This is indeed true, but it is not Zhuge Liang's legacy. The record in "Han Jin Chun Qiu" is: After Zhuge Liang's death, the Shu army retreated quietly without mourning. Sima Yi noticed it and drove his army to pursue him. When the two armies were close, Shu general Jiang Wei and Chang Shi Yang Yi ordered the Shu army to counterattack with flags and drums and pretend to attack. Sima Yi did not dare to approach, so he had to retreat. The Shu army entered the valley and then mourned. At that time, the joke that "Dead Zhuge scares away Sheng Zhongda" was spread in various places. Wei Yan rebelled and was killed by Ma Dai: it is true, but firstly, Ma Dai did not pretend to obey Wei Yan and rebel together, secondly, Wei Yan was beheaded when he was defeated, and thirdly, Wei Yan never shouted those three times: "Who dares to kill me?" ". Jiang Wei's Northern Expedition: Jiang Wei's Northern Expedition was eleven times, not nine. His record was 2 big wins, 3 small wins, 1 big and small defeat each, and 4 draws. Jiang Wei's defeat at Niutoushan: This is a purely fictitious plot. At that time, Jiang Wei had not yet launched his Northern Expedition. Luo Guanzhong invented this story in order to show Zhuge Liang's role again. Jiang Wei defeated Deng Ai: He did not defeat Deng Ai during the Northern Expedition, but in a battle between Wei and Shu, Jiang Wei and Deng Ai defeated Deng Ai in a field battle. The number of troops sent by Zhuge Liang and Jiang Wei in the Northern Expedition: The number of troops sent by Zhuge Liang and Jiang Wei in the Northern Expedition never exceeded 50,000, let alone 300,000. At that time, the number of soldiers in Shu was about 100,000, not 300,000. And the number of soldiers in Wei State is only about 600,000.