1. Ancient texts suitable for corporate culture

Confucius said: "A gentleman has nothing to eat and nothing to live in. If he is sensitive to things and cautious in speaking, he will be righteous and righteous." "Yan, it can be said that you are eager to learn." It can be summarized as being quick in action and careful in speech. "The Analects"

Confucius said: "Don't tell things when they are done, don't admonish them when they are done, and don't blame the past." - Translation of "The Analects of Confucius". For: Confucius said: Don't comment on the past, don't discuss what has been done, and don't hold the past accountable.

Confucius said: "A gentleman is a metaphor for righteousness, and a villain is a metaphor for benefit." --The translation of "The Analects of Confucius" Confucius said: "A gentleman understands morality, and a villain understands self-interest."

The famous sentence of "The Doctrine of the Mean" is as follows:

The destiny of heaven is called nature, and the will of nature is called Tao. , cultivating the Tao is called teaching.

He is fond of asking questions and keen to observe the far-reaching words, conceals the evil but promotes the good, grasps both ends, and uses them for the people.

Learn it extensively, interrogate it, think carefully, discern it clearly, and practice it diligently.

Self-clarity is called nature; self-clarity and sincerity are called teaching. If you are sincere, you will be clear; if you are clear, you will be sincere.

The famous verses from the Book of Songs are as follows:

If a person has no manners, what will he do if he does not die? (The Book of Songs, Quanfeng, and Rat)

Those who speak are not guilty, but those who hear are warned. (The Book of Songs·Major Preface)

The high mountains stand still and the scenery stops. (The Book of Songs·Xiaoya·Chejia)

If others have intentions, please consider them. (The Book of Songs·Xiaoya)

The high bank is the valley, and the deep valley is the mausoleum. (The Book of Songs·Xiaoya)

Stones from other mountains can attack jade. (The Book of Songs·Xiaoya·Heming)

There is no beginning for admiration, and there is an end for failure. (Book of Songs·Daya·Dang)

Give me a peach and repay me with a plum. (The Book of Songs, Daya, Supressed)

The famous sentence in "Shangshu" is as follows:

To be wise and virtuous, to be close to the nine tribes. The nine tribes are in harmony and the common people are in peace. The people are enlightened and all nations are harmonious.

Quiet words are unreasonable, but the image of respect is overwhelming.

Don’t listen to nonsense words, and don’t ask for unreasonable plans.

Be diligent in your country and be frugal in your family.

To see far is to be wise, to listen to virtue is to be wise.

If the net is in the outline, it is orderly and well-organized

For nine people, the success will fall short

If the public is used to destroy private interests, the people will accept it.

When a sergeant hears the Tao, he practices it diligently; when a sergeant hears the Tao, he lives or perishes; when a corporal hears the Tao, he laughs. Not smiling is not enough for the Tao. Therefore, there are some suggestions: The way to know is like ignorance; the way to advance is like retreat; the way to be unreasonable is like □; the superior virtue is like valley; the wide virtue is like the lack of it; the virtue of building is like stealing; the quality is true like Chongqing; the clarity is like humiliation; the generosity has no corner; the great talent is late; the great sound is great. Xisheng; the elephant is invisible; the Tao is nameless.

If a great achievement is lacking, its use will not be harmful. If there is a big surplus, it will be of endless use. Great straightness is like bending, great skill is like clumsiness, great debate is like indifference. ----Laozi

Praise the world without persuading him, and criticize him without discouraging him---Zhuangzi 2. Classical Chinese and traditional culture

First of all, learning classical Chinese is inheritance The traditional culture of the motherland is an important way to help us understand some historical knowledge, literary knowledge and social life knowledge, and enhance our ability to understand society and understand things.

Secondly, ancient Chinese is the foundation of modern Chinese and is the "source"; modern Chinese is the inheritance and development of ancient Chinese and is the "flow". The two are different stages of the development of the same language, not two languages. Many words from classical Chinese are still preserved in modern Chinese. For example, words such as "clearly discerning", "enjoying oneself", and "huge thing" in "Children's Interest" by Shen Fu, a writer of the Qing Dynasty, are still used in modern Chinese. Therefore, learning classical Chinese can enrich our language warehouse and improve our language proficiency.

Classical Chinese is an ancient written language, but it comes from ancient spoken Chinese, and modern Chinese also comes from ancient spoken Chinese. The similarities between the two are primary, and the differences are secondary, so it is not difficult to learn. We should have the confidence to learn classical Chinese well.

How to learn classical Chinese well? The key to learning classical Chinese well is to develop a sense of language. There are "three essentials" to develop a sense of language:

First, read and recite the text thoroughly, in order to become familiar with the expressions and language habits of classical Chinese. Reciting is a traditional learning method in my country. As the saying goes: "Read a book a hundred times, and its meaning will become apparent." The language of classical Chinese is simple and elegant, and it is a good material for learning languages.

The profound language skills of many great writers are due to their familiarity in reading and reciting ancient Chinese texts. For example: Ba Jin could recite "Gu Wen Guan Zhi" backwards and forwards at the age of twelve or thirteen, and Wu Han had finished memorizing the "Three Character Classic" before he was thirteen.

Second, you must understand it with your heart. The purpose is to integrate "words" and "meanings" and know the "meanings" after seeing the "words". How to do this? As mentioned above, classical Chinese and modern Chinese are of the same origin, and many words and meanings are interlinked. For example, "Qi" in "Chen Taiqiu and You Qi" ("Chen Taiqiu and You Qi") means "agreement", which is the same as the meaning of "Qi" in modern Chinese "unexpected encounter". are consistent. Another example is the word "name" in "Can't Name One Place" ("Kouyi"), which has the same meaning as the word "name" in modern Chinese for "incomprehensible", both meaning "to say". By understanding with your heart, you can see the "word" and know the "meaning", which is very important for learning classical Chinese.

Third, we must actively accumulate vocabulary in order to master the expression tools of classical Chinese. Such as the understanding of Tongqiazi, the usage of function words such as "zhi", "qi", and "yi", the changes in the meaning of words in ancient and modern times, etc.

By summarizing while learning, and by continuously accumulating, you will be able to master the rules. Once you master the rules, it will be much easier to learn classical Chinese well.

Learning classical Chinese is not difficult. As long as we build confidence, master the rules, and proceed step by step, we can achieve the goal stipulated in the curriculum standards. This goal is: to be able to read simple classical Chinese. 3. The cultural concepts embodied in the ancient prose movement and the Renaissance movement

The ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty:

1. The ancient prose movement in the mid-Tang Dynasty: it was a literary and artistic movement from parallel to prose. The innovation of writing style has a very practical purpose, distinct theoretical propositions, and a wide range of participants. It has a profound impact on the history of Chinese prose.

2. The origin of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty: It is related to the social, political, economic and cultural aspects: the stability of the ZTE and the rise of the small landlord class required a style that fully expressed thoughts and feelings; it was governed by the evolution laws of style and style.

3. The theoretical propositions of the Han-Liu Classical Prose Movement, that literature conveys the Tao and literature clarifies the Tao, and Chen Yanwuqu’s viewpoint promoted the literary innovation movement: in view of reality, it is a literary innovation movement rather than simply The retro movement has played a considerable role in promoting the revival of Chinese culture. After hard work, he overturned the dominance of parallel prose in theory and creation, created a new style that was concise, smooth, expressive, established the authority of ancient prose in the literary world, and made prose prose stand out from the traditional writing style. In addition, he has found a vast space for describing scenes, expressing emotions and expressing aspirations in daily life. This victory effectively dealt a blow to Qili's weak writing style, directly inspired the literary innovation activities of the Northern Song Dynasty, and created the ancient literary tradition represented by the Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties in the history of Chinese literature. This was a turning point in the history of the development of Chinese prose. It created a new era of Chinese classical prose, established the direction and scale of the subsequent development of prose, and had an extremely far-reaching impact on later generations.

Renaissance:

The Renaissance refers to an ideological and cultural movement that emerged in Italian cities in the 14th century and became popular in Europe in the 16th century, bringing about a period of scientific and artistic revolution. , opened the prelude to modern European history and is considered the boundary between the medieval era and modern times. Marxist historians believe that it is the dividing line between the feudal era and the capitalist era.

In the 14th century, in commercially developed cities in Italy, some advanced intellectuals among the emerging bourgeoisie used the study of ancient Greek and Roman culture to promote the humanistic spirit through literary and artistic creation.

The importance of the Renaissance:

For a long time, the Renaissance was thought of as simply a restoration of classical culture. In fact, the Renaissance was not really about "restoring" classical culture, but using it to criticize the culture and system of the time in order to establish a new culture and create public opinion for the establishment of a new social system.

The Renaissance was a period of gradual development with no clear dividing lines and events. But the Renaissance changed people's thinking at that time, leading to the religious reform and fierce religious wars. The later Enlightenment took the Renaissance as its model. Historians in the 19th century believed that subsequent scientific development, geographical discoveries, and the birth of nation-states all originated from the Renaissance. The Renaissance was the watershed between the Middle Ages and modern times in the "Dark Ages" and the premise of public opinion for the bourgeois revolution.

The Renaissance was a prelude to freeing Europe from the shackles of decadent feudal religion and expanding to the world.

The same thing is that they are all revivals of ancient literary culture and created a new situation. 4. Information about Confucius in classical Chinese

When he was 62 years old, Confucius once described himself like this: "He is a man who is so angry that he forgets to eat and is happy and forgets his worries. He does not know how to grow old." "It's coming."

At that time, Confucius had led his disciples to travel around the country for 9 years. After going through many hardships, he not only failed to get the appointment of the princes, but also almost died. However, Confucius was not discouraged and remained optimistic and persisted in himself. ideal, even knowing that it is impossible to do. Live in Poverty and Enjoy the Way. Confucius said: "Being rich and noble without justice is like floating clouds to me." In Confucius' mind, doing justice is the highest value of life. When there is a conflict between wealth and poverty and morality, he would rather suffer poverty than give up morality.

However, his desire to live in poverty and enjoy Taoism cannot be seen as not seeking wealth but only seeking to maintain Taoism. This is not consistent with historical facts. Confucius also said: "Wealth and honor are what people want; if they don't follow the way, they won't get them.

Poverty and lowliness are what people want; if they don't follow the way, they won't get them. If you don't want to go." "If you are rich, you can ask for it. Even if you are a man with a whip, I will do it. If you can't ask for it, I will follow what I like." , showed a strong interest in all kinds of knowledge, so he was versatile and knowledgeable. He was famous at that time and was almost regarded as an omniscient sage. However, Confucius himself did not think so. Confucius said: "If the sage and How can I dare to be benevolent? I will never tire of teaching others."

Confucius studied impermanence. He worshiped anyone who had knowledge and knew something he didn't know, so he said, "Three. If you walk in a straight way, you must have a teacher from me." Confucius was upright by nature and advocated walking in a straight way. He once said: "Who will criticize me and who will praise me?

The people are the reason why the three generations have followed the straight path. ""Historical Records" records that Confucius asked Laozi for courtesy when he was in his thirties. When he was leaving, Laozi said: "Smart and profound, he is close to the dead. , A person who likes to argue with others is also a person who endangers his own body by being eloquent. A person who is a son of a man should not be self-reliant, and a person who is a minister of others should not be self-respected. ”

This is Laozi's kind reminder to Confucius, and also points out some of Confucius' shortcomings, that is, he looks at problems too deeply, speaks too sharply, and hurts some people of high status, which will bring great danger to himself. With the concept of being kind to others, Confucius created a moral theory centered on benevolence. He himself was also a very kind person, compassionate, helpful, sincere and generous to others.

"Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you", "The beauty of a gentleman is the beauty of being an adult, the evil of being an adult", "Be kind to oneself and blame others lightly", etc., are all his principles of life. Edit this paragraph Confucius's famous sayings Portrait of Confucius 1. Confucius said: "Learn and practice it over time, isn't it also said (to say "tongyue", a pseudonym for "tong")? Isn't it a joy to have friends come from afar? People don't know and are not surprised, that's not the case. "A gentleman?" 2. Confucius said: "You can become a teacher by reviewing the past and learning new things."

3. Confucius said: "You know it from my teachings?" To know, not to know, is to know (zhi tongzhi, tongjia)." 4. Confucius said: "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you."

5. Confucius said: " If you are a person of three, you must have a teacher. Choose what is good and follow it, and change what is not good." 6. Confucius said: "When the year is cold, you will know that the pines and cypresses will wither." 7 , Confucius said: "Learning without thinking will lead to indifference; thinking without learning will lead to peril."

8. Confucius said: "A small impatience will mess up a big plan." 9. Confucius said: "Knowing in silence Therefore, what does it mean for me to be tireless in learning and tireless in teaching?" 10. Confucius said: "Those who know are not as good as those who are good; those who are good are not as good as those who are happy."

11. Confucius said: : "If you are not angry, you are not inspired, you are not angry, you are not angry. If you take one corner and don't turn it back with three corners, it will never happen again."

12. Confucius said: "Knowing words make people look fresh, and benevolence is fresh." 13. Confucius said: "What is hidden in elixir is red, and what is hidden in lacquer is black. A gentleman is careful about where he goes."

Edit this paragraph The core of Confucius' ideological system and political thought is "ritual" With "benevolence", in terms of the strategy of governing the country, he advocated "governing with virtue" and using morality and etiquette to govern the country is the noblest way to govern the country. This strategy of governing the country is also called "Government by virtue" or "Government by etiquette".

This strategy of applying virtues and etiquette to the people has actually broken the traditional belief that etiquette should not be extended to the common people, and has broken an important original boundary between the nobility and the common people. Confucius' theory of benevolence embodies the spirit of humanity, while Confucius' theory of etiquette embodies the spirit of etiquette, that is, order and system in the modern sense.

Humanism is an eternal theme of mankind. It is applicable to any society, any era, and any country. An orderly and institutional society is the basic requirement for the establishment of a human civilized society. Confucius’s spirit of humanism and order is the essence of ancient Chinese social and political thought.

Educational Thoughts Confucius first proposed that "there is no distinction between education and distinction" and believed that everyone in the world has the right to education. In terms of educational practice, he put forward very good suggestions: in the process of teaching and educating people, teachers should be "tireless in teaching", "follow the instructions well" and "teach students in accordance with their aptitude".

He believes that students should have good learning methods such as "drawing inferences from one example" and "reviewing the past to learn new things"; learning should also be combined with thinking "learning without thinking will lead to failure, thinking without learning will lead to danger", and love to learn "When three people walk together, there must be my teacher"; the attitude towards learning must be correct. Confucius's educational thoughts still have great significance in inspiring and educating today.

Aesthetic Thought The core of Confucius' aesthetic thought is the unity of "beauty" and "goodness", as well as the unity of form and content. Confucius advocated "poetry", that is, combining literature and art with political morality, using literature and art as a means to change society and politics, and an important way to cultivate sentiment.

Moreover, Confucius believed that a perfect person should cultivate his character in poetry, etiquette, and music. Confucius's aesthetic thoughts had a huge influence on later literary and artistic theories.

Edit this paragraph Modern development The new development of Confucianism in modern times refers to the New Confucianism that emerged under the conditions of the collision and blending of Chinese and Western civilizations after the introduction of modern Western civilization into China. The emerging "popular Confucianism" is the highest achievement of the development of contemporary New Confucianism.

Confucianism Conference: I am very happy to have friends from far away. Confucius is a cultural sage who "has virtues for heaven and earth, and his teachings can be traced through the past and present. He abridged the Six Classics and established the constitution for eternity." Confucianism is based on the teachings of Confucius. , a value concept and ideological system based on the theories of Confucian masters of past dynasties. Recently, in Qufu, Shandong Province, the hometown of Confucius, the first World Confucian Congress, co-sponsored by the Ministry of Culture and the Shandong Provincial People's Government, was grandly held.

It is an international cultural forum and a high-level academic event. Its convening is a major event in the world of Confucianism. Xu Jialu, former vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and Zhou Heping, vice minister of the Ministry of Culture. 5. An 800-word essay on ancient poems and essays as the root of inheriting Chinese culture

Reciting poems and essays through the ages to inherit Chinese civilization China is an ancient civilization with a long history, in which poems and songs shine with dazzling brilliance. , they are not only the cultural treasures of the Chinese nation, but also the cultural heritage of mankind. They have rich knowledge, inspirational feelings, and enlightenment. Their ultimate value lies in expressing the unique and beautiful emotions of human beings, and they have the ability to transcend time and space. of eternal charm.

The essence of these many famous works cannot truly integrate into the hearts of students without repeated readings, deep feelings, and emotional surges. The “Big Chinese” activities that have been vigorously carried out in recent years have given us new revelations: students’ Chinese language learning should not be limited to classrooms and textbooks, but should adapt to the requirements of students’ development and continuously expand their learning time and space.

At the beginning of a new round of curriculum reform experiments, our school has carried out extensive experimental research on reciting ancient poems and essays based on the principle of "finding the roots of the nation and building the soul of the nation" and focusing on cultivating students to love the language and characters of the motherland. Nowadays, when you walk into our school, you will hear the clear and moving voices of students reciting poems and essays at any time. You can see students' poems and essays handwritten newspapers and poems with paintings everywhere. When you stroll through the "Ancient Poetry Corridor" on campus, you They will also be influenced by the soul and be infected by subtle influences.

A craze for learning poetry, reciting poetry, and writing poetry quickly radiated from the school to families and communities, forming a cultural landscape unique to the school.

Most students in the school can recite more than 300 ancient poems proficiently, and even first- and second-year students can recite more than 30 poems vividly. ‘·? The campus has become a sea of ??poetry! All these have become important spiritual resources for students to rebuild their life beliefs. Students' thoughts are inspired and influenced by the excellent traditional Chinese culture. Their poetic literacy, cultural taste and aesthetic ability are all-round improved.

The school’s experience in reciting ancient poetry has had a profound impact on the city and district and has become a major feature of the school. 1. According to the requirements of educational development and the actual situation of students, establish research content and goals and promote recitation activities Vigorous development 1. Carefully analyze the current educational situation and student development requirements to lay a solid foundation for the implementation of the experiment. At the beginning of the curriculum reform, school leaders organized discussions between cadres, teachers and students: the school lacks school-running characteristics and students lack spiritual sustenance, especially after the burden is reduced. , how can students use a large amount of time scientifically and how can students' comprehensive quality be comprehensively improved? How can we find a new teaching path that combines students' Chinese language learning with the cultivation of national sentiments and the formation of good habits? The school conducted a thorough feasibility study. Through lectures, symposiums, questionnaires, etc., the school and families reached a consensus: reciting ancient poems can help cultivate students' love for the motherland's language and help them understand the language. The vastness and profoundness of Chinese culture can help improve students’ cultural taste and aesthetic taste, among other benefits. It is our ultimate goal to use cultural classics to develop children's intelligence and memory, help them build a solid foundation in language and writing from an early age, and gain the influence of China's excellent traditional culture.

The poetry recitation experiment that the school is going to carry out is only one aspect of allowing students to learn more knowledge. It is more of an emotional and national influence. "Recitation" is not only about memory, but also about understand. Understand ancient poetry and prose in its cadences and ups and downs.

At the same time, the vast ancient poetry provides rich resources and effective space for students' independent learning, which is fully in line with the requirements of the current curriculum reform concept. 2. Establish the principles of research from the perspective of "promoting student development". Based on the requirements of student development, we have established four principles for the study of ancient poetry reading: (1) Face the classics head-on.

Students can delve deeply into the poetry, or they can not ask for a deep understanding. Students are allowed to learn in the way they like. (2) Integrate in-class and extra-curricular activities.

Reading must be based on completing the required passages in the curriculum! Several, teachers’ recommendation is combined with students’ self-selection. (3) Combination of on-campus and off-campus.

On the basis of doing a good job in reading in school, turn reading into a conscious behavior of students outside school. (4) Combination of reading by students, teachers and parents.

Through the reading activities of students and teachers, parents are encouraged to actively participate, forming a situation of mutual encouragement and mutual promotion. 2. Construct an all-round and three-dimensional management model, stimulate students' interest through various activities, and achieve outstanding results. 1. Establish ancient poetry reading files to comprehensively record students' learning trajectories. At the beginning of the experiment, the school established ancient poetry for each student. A poetry recitation file, the purpose is to record students' poetry recitation status, so as to facilitate timely adjustment of research content and direction.

After students have memorized their favorite poems recommended by the school and class, they can fill in the "Ancient Poetry Recitation File". In addition to the title and author, the content of the file also includes the recitation time, and leaves There are three inspection records: one is the mutual inspection of the students in the group, one is the random inspection by the teacher, and the third is the inspection by the parents. The school uses recitation files as an important basis for the "Monthly Recitation Stars" and "Poetry Grading", and has become a characteristic content of the development evaluation of students' Chinese language subjects, which has achieved satisfactory results.

2. Establish a collection of "Ancient Poems with Paintings" to develop students' interests and hobbies. How to deepen understanding on the basis of reciting poems, truly improve students' poetry literacy, and at the same time help cultivate students' love for the motherland. The emotion of language and characters and improving students' Chinese character writing ability are issues that we pay close attention to and study with great concentration. The school has set up a collection of "Ancient Poems with Paintings". Each student can select two of his favorite ancient poems to record each week according to his personal learning situation, copy them neatly in block letters, and arrange them according to the artistic conception of the poem. Painting, decoration and beautification are also required.

Such practical assignments are loved by students. They not only exercise their manual and mental abilities, but also cultivate their aesthetic concepts. 3. Implement a reading and inspection system between classes, and organically combine collective learning and independent learning. The school will use the morning meeting time every Monday as a unified learning time for the whole school. The Academic Affairs Office will select representative classical poems and recommend them to the teachers and students of the school. The next Tuesday Conduct random inspections throughout the school and keep records of each inspection as part of the quantitative management of the class.

Every week, each class in the school takes turns recommending poems and articles, leading all teachers and students in the school to study together, and use the time after class exercises to recite them collectively. 4. Customize “Ancient Poetry Publicity Board” for each class. 6. Cultural common sense of the 8th Middle School Students Ancient Poetry Reading Competition

1. Cultural common sense of the Lu people’s migration to Vietnam says “Qi”: “Qi” as a pronoun is equivalent to “he”, “his” or “his” That” and “that” are easy to understand here.

The "qi" in "Qi can get it" above is used as an adverb, which is equivalent to "could it be". It also means "probably".

For example, "The water has flooded thousands of miles, and the people have no hope." It means that the water has flooded thousands of miles of land, and the people probably have no hope. Also refers to "certainly".

For example, "It is your father's ambition to be unforgettable", which means that you must not forget your father's expectations. 2. Peasants assault eunuchs. Cultural common sense says "eunuchs": "Eunuchs" are commonly known as "eunuchs", also known as "eunuchs" or "eunuchs", who are people who serve the emperor and his family members in the palace.

Relying on the emperor's power, they often went out to do lawlessness and oppress the people. 3. Teaching and learning are mutually beneficial. Cultural common sense says "Zhi": "Although there is a Zhi Dao, if you don't learn it, you don't know how good it is."

Among them, "Zhi" is explained as "extreme", and "Zhi Dao" refers to the extreme. Good point. The idiom includes "supreme".

It also means "thoughtful". For example, "Although they are not relatives, they are still helpful", which means that although they are not relatives, they are helpful and considerate.

It also means "arrival". 4. Fan Zhongshu's cultural common sense "The Essentials of Qi Min": "The Essentials of Qi Min" is a comprehensive agricultural book written by Jia Sixie (xié) of the Northern Wei Dynasty in China. It is also one of the earliest monographs in the history of world agriculture.

It is the earliest and most complete agricultural book in existence in China. It systematically summarizes the agricultural and animal husbandry production experience, food processing and storage, and utilization of wild plants in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River before the 6th century. It had a significant impact on the development of ancient Chinese agronomy.

5. Yan Hui was studious and knowledgeable about culture. Yan Hui (521 BC ~ 481 BC) was a native of Lu in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Ziyuan, also known as Yan Yuan, was the most proud disciple of Confucius.

"The Analects of Confucius Yong Ye" said that he "does not change his joy in a back alley with a basket of food and a ladle of drink." He is humble and studious, "does not express anger, and does not make mistakes." "Famous for his virtues, Confucius praised him for being a "virtuous person", "Hui Ye, his heart is not benevolent for three months" ("The Analects of Confucius·Yong Ye").

Unfortunately died early. 6. Wang Chong Expo Common cultural knowledge says "Tai Xue": the highest institution of learning in the palace of the Zhou Dynasty was called "Piyong", and the highest institution of learning in the princely states was called "Tai Xue". Commoners could also enroll, as was the case with Wang Chong.

During the Wei, Jin and Northern Dynasties, it was changed to "Guozi Xue" and "Guozi Temple". In the Sui Dynasty, it was changed to "Guozijian", and this name was used until the end of the Qing Dynasty.

7. Don’t remember people’s faults. Say "poor": "Poor" means "exhaust". For example, "Climbing the Stork (guàn) Que Tower": "If you want to see a thousand miles away, go to a higher level."

Also, "The emperor wants to make him speak poorly", which means that the emperor wants him to speak. All. From "exhaust", it is extended to "thoroughly".

The "poor" in "I regret not asking thoroughly" above refers to "thoroughly", which means I regret not asking thoroughly. It also means "coming to the end".

For example, "The Story of Peach Blossom Spring": "If you go forward again, you will be exhausted." It has also been interpreted as "embarrassment", "poverty", etc.

8. The metaphor of eating half a cake. Cultural common sense says "Yes": "Yes" is often interpreted as "this" in classical Chinese. The above sentence "And Zuozhiyan" means that he uttered such words.

Also, "It's a sunny day" means that the weather is fine on this day. Also, "even a person is rude" means that this person is rude.

Also, "even a person is rude" means that this person is rude. Also, "It's a dog abandoned by others" means that the dog was abandoned by others.

9. Anti-Qiu takes responsibility. Cultural common sense says "Chen": "Chen" originally refers to male *** Li. "The Book of Songs" says that "all the people in the world are the king's ministers", which means that all the people in the world are slaves of the king of Zhou.

Later it was used as a collective term for officials and common people in the monarchy era. "Minister" refers to officials, and "minor ministers" refer to common people.

"The ministers paid homage to the emperor", the "ministers" refer to officials. It is also used as a humble self-proclaimer in conversation.

The "Chen" in "I love its hair" above is equivalent to "I", which is the self-proclaimed name of the person who is "bearing the cud (chú)". The sentence means I pity its hair. 10. Guan Zhuangzi stabbed the tiger. Cultural common sense says "lift": "lift" is a verb with multiple meanings.

Its common meanings are (1) to lift. (2) Recommend, recommend.

(3) Start. (4) Promotion.

(5) Action, action. 11. People in Qi have a good hunter cultural common sense and say "Dewu": "Dewu" is an adverbial structure, expressing speculation or rhetorical questions. It often echoes interrogative modal particles and can be translated as "shouldn't it be", "how can it be" No", "Could it be, I'm afraid, isn't it", etc.

For example, "The sky is dark, there must be no rain", which means that the sky is dark and it must be raining. Also, "I haven't heard from you for a long time. Is she okay?" It means that there is no news about the birth, so there must be no illness! 12. He Meigu’s Wife Cultural common sense says “Confucianism”: Confucianism, Confucianism.

Confucianism is a school of thought in the pre-Qin period, represented by Confucius, which advocates rule by etiquette and emphasizes traditional ethical relationships. 13. Bingyuan Cryology Classical Chinese knowledge talks about "lone": "lone" in modern Chinese mostly refers to children who have lost their parents and become "orphans".

But "lone" in classical Chinese often refers to a child who has lost his father. The above "Bingyuan Shaogu" means that Bingyuan lost his father when he was a child.

Also, "Ouyang Xiu was an orphan, and his mother taught him to read." This "orphan" obviously refers to the loss of his father, because his mother is still there. 14. Jin people like profit. Classical Chinese knowledge says "what... is there": "what... is there" is an inverted sentence pattern of "what is..." and is generally used in rhetorical questions.

For example, in "Gongshu", "What sins did the Song Dynasty have?" That is, "What sins did the Song Dynasty have?" Another example is "Shěn" in the above text, which means "What's so funny", which can be translated as "What's so funny".

15. Fan Zhongyan stopped the banquet. According to cultural common sense, "posthumous title" refers to "Fan Wenzhenggong" mentioned above, which is Fan Zhongyan, and "Wenzheng" is his posthumous title. Posthumous titles are titles of praise and blame given to ancient emperors, nobles, and celebrities after their death, based on their deeds during their lifetime.

Because Fan Zhongyan had high literary achievements and upright behavior during his lifetime, he was given the posthumous title "Wenzheng" and later generations called him "Fan Wenzheng". He did not have this title during his lifetime.

Han Yu of the Tang Dynasty was given the posthumous title "Wen", and later generations were called Han Wen Gong. These are all compliments.

Emperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty (yàng) was nicknamed "Yang" because of his insidious, cruel and militaristic behavior during his lifetime. 16. A little knowledge. Classical Chinese knowledge refers to "Zhe": "Zhe" has many uses, and its basic usage is as an auxiliary and modal particle.

The "person" in "Song people have scholars", "I have sages", etc. is used after the verb or the word structure, and is an auxiliary word, which can be translated as "person of..." thing)". "Zhe" has two other uses of particles: one is embedded after a numeral to form ".