background
After Japanese imperialism invaded Northeast China, it continued to invade North China. 1in June and July, 935, Chahar Province was controlled through the Qin-Tu Agreement, and the traitor Yin Rugeng was instructed to establish a puppet regime in Jidong ("Jidong Defence * * * Autonomous Government"). The Kuomintang government is going to set up the Jicha Government Affairs Committee to meet the Japanese invaders' demand of "specialization of North China regime". In view of this situation, the China * * * Production Party published "To All Compatriots for Anti-Japanese Salvation" on August 1 day, calling on the military and civilians of the whole country to unite against Japan and save the nation.
prepare
On June165438+1October 18, students' representatives from major universities in Beiping held a joint meeting and secretly established the Beiping Federation of Students. Guo was elected as the executive chairman, and Huang Jing, Yao Yilin and other producers participated in the leadership of the Federation. On February 3, 65438, Beiping Student Union held a meeting and decided to contact major schools and launch a large-scale petition. On February 6th, 65438, 15, schools in Beiping issued a declaration against "anti-* * autonomy" in North China, demanding that the Kuomintang government crusade against Yin Rugeng, mobilize the whole country to resist the enemy, put forward nine political programs centered on opposing Japanese imperialism's annexation of China and North China, and called for stopping the civil war, * * * going to the national disaster together, uniting people from all walks of life in the country, resisting Japanese aggressors and fighting for the Chinese nation. At this time, news came that the Jicha Government Affairs Committee would be established on February 9, 65438, so the Federation of Students decided to set the petition time on February 9, 65438.
pass by
On February 9, 65438, the "December 9" Anti-Japanese National Salvation Movement broke out. In the early morning, the military and police surrounded many large and medium-sized schools and closed Xizhimen. The students who petitioned were furious and broke through the blockade. At 10: 30 in the morning, he came to the Xinhua Gate of Zhongnanhai, where the Beiping Branch of the Kuomintang Military Commission is located, and petitioned He, Minister of Military and Political Affairs of the National Government. The angry students raised their arms and shouted, "Down with Japanese imperialism!" "Oppose the autonomy of five provinces in North China!" "Down with traitors and traitors!" "Stop the civil war immediately!" The petitioners' representatives made six demands to the National Government:
(1) Oppose North China autonomy and similar organizations;
(2) Oppose all secret negotiations between China and Japan and immediately announce the foreign policy to deal with the current crisis;
(3) guarantee people's freedom of speech, assembly and publication;
(4) Stop the civil war and immediately prepare for a foreign self-defense war;
(5) Do not arbitrarily arrest people;
(6) Release the arrested students immediately.
Representative He had a dialogue with the students and refused the students' request to open Xizhimen to make Tsinghua and Yanjing progress. The students immediately began a large-scale demonstration. When the parade passed by the school, students broke through the blockade and joined the parade, and the number expanded to six or seven thousand. Xidan team and East Chang 'an Avenue were attacked by military police with wooden sticks, whips, hoses and broadswords. /kloc-more than 0/00 people were injured and more than 30 people were arrested. Students from two schools in Tsinghua and Yanjing, which are blocked outside Xizhimen, turn around the west gate of Fuchengmen. However, because all the city gates were closed, they failed to enter the city, so they persisted in the cold wind all day, tearfully accusing the onlookers of Japanese atrocities in the northeast and accusing the Kuomintang of its non-resistance policy. The students' fearless anti-Japanese national salvation movement forced the establishment of Jicha government affairs Committee to be postponed.
National response measures
The December 29th Movement won the support and response of the people of the whole country. Patriotic students in major cities hold petitions, rallies and demonstrations to support the patriotic actions of students in Beiping. The Student Federation of the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet Area also responded. On February 18, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions published a letter to workers who helped Beiping students save the country, calling on workers all over the country to protest against the betrayal of North China and the slaughter and arrest of patriotic students. Patriotic celebrities such as Lu Xun and Soong Ching Ling also wrote articles praising patriotic students' heroic struggle spirit and donating money to support students' anti-Japanese national salvation movement. Students in Peiping also organized a "propaganda group for students from Peiping and Tianjin to expand to the south" and went to Hebei to publicize anti-Japanese and national salvation. At present, every year from 65438 to February 9, universities in Chinese mainland have long-distance running, lectures and other commemorative activities.
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