China's earliest poems. It collected 305 poems in about 500 years from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period. The pre-Qin dynasty was called "Poetry", or the integer was called "Poetry 300". In the Western Han Dynasty, it was honored as a Confucian classic, formerly known as The Book of Songs, which has been in use ever since.
The ideological content of The Book of Songs fully shows the social life of China in the Zhou Dynasty, and truly reflects the historical features of the slave society in China from prosperity to decline. Some of these poems, such as, Gong Liu, Mian, Huang Yi, Daming, etc. In Daya, the origin, development and establishment of Zhou tribes from the birth to the demise of Hou Ji were recorded.
Some poems such as Feng Wei's Storytelling and Feng Wei's Altar vividly reveal the parasitic nature of slave owners' greed for nothing, sing the voice of people's resistance and yearning for an ideal life, and show the awakening of slaves during the collapse of slavery. Some poems, such as He, Dongshan by Huan Feng, Yu Yu in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Cai Wei, etc. Write about her husband's homesickness and sorrow for the war; Feng Wang Gentleman in Service and Feng Wei Bo Xi show inviting homesickness. From different angles, it reflects the endless pain and disaster brought to the people by the unreasonable military service system and war corvee in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Some poems, such as "Nan Zhou Cricket", completely describe the labor process of women collecting plantain seeds; The Wind in July describes the working life of slaves all the year round. There are no sheep in Xiaoya, which reflects the herding life of slaves.
There are also many poems that show the love life of young men and women, such as "Qin Feng and" which shows the fantastic pursuit between men and women; "Zheng Yan" and "Peak Woman" show the banter between men and women; Wang Fengcai's songs show the painful lovesickness between men and women. "Feng Wei Papaya" and "Zhao Nan Zhuomeiyou" show the mutual gift between men and women; Yan Feng Bai Zhou and General Zhong Zi of Zheng Feng reflected the sufferings brought by parents' interference and public opinion to young men and women. Another example is "Gu Feng and Gu Feng" and "Feng Wei for Self-protection", which also express the sadness of abandoning his wife and angrily condemn the man's ingratitude, reflecting the tragic fate of women in class society.
Artistic achievements and their influence "Master Zhou Li Chun Guan" says: "The master taught six poems: Yue Feng, Yuefu, Yuebi, Lexing, Leya and Yuesong." The six poems in Preface to Mao Poetry have six meanings. Among them, style, elegance and praise refer to the classification of styles; Fu, Bi and Xing are in the way of expression. Regarding Fu, Bi and Xing, Zhu made a more exact explanation in the Song Dynasty's Biography of Poetry: "The giver, the doer, speaks frankly; Compare this thing with another thing; When you are excited, just say something else that will make you say something. " For example, The Wind in July and Feng Wei for Mang are both poems: the former describes all the working life of slaves in spring ploughing, mulberry picking, textile, field hunting, wine making, storage and preparation for winter, showing class opposition and slaves' grief and indignation; The latter flashbacks the tragic experience of the abandoned wife and the self-protection from love to marriage until being abandoned by self-protection, showing the sadness and determination of the abandoned wife. Another example is Feng Wei's Storytelling and Gaofeng Xintai, both of which are concrete: the former compares the exploiters to greedy rats; The latter compared the immoral and shameless Wei to a big toad; Both contain great irony. Another example is Guan Ju and Fa Tan, both of which are popular styles: the former is popular with the "Guan" cry of a bird and a pigeon, which reminds people of the love between men and women; The latter began with the "Kan Kan" logging sound of slaves, and was linked with the unearned gains of the slave owners. In the Book of Songs, fu, bi and xing are often used alternately, including fu and bi, bi and xing, and xing and bi. For example, "Feng Wei killed himself" is a fu style, but the poem "Mulberries have not fallen, their leaves are lush, and there is no mulberry to eat" is obviously "thriving and comparing". Another example is "Feng Wei Tells People", which describes the beauty of Zhuang Jiang in great detail, but in it, it is "soft, skin is coagulated, teeth are like rhinoceros, and a cicada's head is beautiful", vividly showing the natural beauty of Zhuang Jiang, which is obviously "giving comparison". The successful application of fu, bi and xing techniques is an important reason for the strong local flavor of folk songs in The Book of Songs.
The Book of Songs is mainly composed of four words and miscellaneous words. Structurally, the form of repeated chapters and sentences is often adopted to enhance the lyrical effect. Only a few words are changed in each chapter, but it can receive tortuous and changeable artistic effects. In language, we often use disyllabic rhymes, reduplications and conjunctions to describe things and imitate sounds, which is poor. "Less is always more, and the situation is very clear." In addition, some rhymes in The Book of Songs, some rhymes in every other sentence, some rhymes at the end, and some rhymes in the middle. The rhyming rules of modern poetry are almost all in the Book of Songs.