Northern dialect is different from southern dialect.
China has always had various sayings about the north and the south: opposition, north war, south to north, south to north, and so on. None of these statements can be reversed or interchanged. For example, you can't say you are going backwards, you can't say you are going backwards, you can't say you are going backwards, you can't say you are going backwards, you can't say you are going backwards.
Strange! Why South-to-North accent?
Presumably, it is also the difference in the number and nature of north and south dialects. There are many kinds of southern dialects and few kinds of northern dialects. The seven dialects of Chinese (including these eight dialects), Wu dialect, Hunan dialect, Jiangxi dialect, Hakka dialect, Guangdong dialect and Fujian dialect (or southern Fujian and northern Fujian) are all southern dialects. There is only one dialect belonging to the Yankees, and it is impossible to name the province, so it is simply called the northern dialect.
Although the northern dialect has a single variety, its wide coverage is frightening. The four major dialect areas in the north (namely, the four sub-dialect areas), namely, North China, Northwest China, Southwest China and Jianghuai, are unstoppable. In addition to Guangxi, Xinjiang, Tibet, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia and other ethnic minority areas, northern dialects are unified in the north of the Yangtze River, Zhenjiang to Jiujiang, Yunguichuan, most of Hubei, northwest Hunan and Guangxi, accounting for about three quarters of the Chinese-speaking areas in the country. Even Hainan Island has a small northern dialect area. Among the people who speak Chinese, 70% also speak northern dialects, which is really the third in the world.
Such a vast field and such a large population should be diverted from the south to the north, but in fact the internal differences are still quite small. From Manzhouli to Kunming, the straight-line distance in the air is 3500 kilometers, and from Nanjing to Jiuquan, it is also 2000 kilometers, but it is not difficult to talk to each other. Although there are various dialects in the north, the differences in grammatical structure, vocabulary and pronunciation are very small. For example, there are no voiced stops and voiced fricatives, and there are no endings of four consonants, such as B, D, G and M. In other words, the sounds are similar, but the tones are different. To distinguish dialects in different places, it is only necessary to consider a downward adjustment (Li Rong, a dialectologist, uses the merger of Rusheng characters to distinguish the sub-dialect areas of northern dialects). It is not surprising that the northern dialect is "Mandarin"! The government is no better than the people, who can speak freely. The butler wants to unify his will, how to argue? How can you not talk if you want to ban it? So Mandarin tends to converge.
What about the south? It's much more complicated There are both northern and southern dialects. Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Hubei belong to the northern dialect area, while Wu, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong and Fujian belong to the southern dialect area, which is also mixed with many "Hakka dialect islands" (also known as southern dialects). Hakka dialect islands abound, including Fujian, Taiwan Province, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Hunan and Sichuan. Therefore, there are at least three dialects in Guangdong Province: Cantonese "vernacular" (Guangzhou dialect), Chaoshan dialect belonging to Min dialect and Hakka dialect in Meixian area. In fact, there are eight dialects in southern China, and I'm afraid there are more than 80 dialects. Fujian alone is known as "the eight provinces of Fujian are not connected with each other". Isn't that eight? This is still true in a big way, but it is still uncertain in a small way.
Why do southern dialects list so many varieties? Because they not only have different tunes, but also have different tunes. For example, the "eating" of eating is also the "eating" of northerners, that is, the tone is high and low, long and short. What about southerners? Say anything, seven, just, clip, plug, choke, carry, but don't "eat" anyway. The same cavity makes things easier. Therefore, when northerners talk to northerners, or when people in northern dialect areas talk, they can at least understand roughly, although they are sometimes unclear. Because even the Northeast dialect and Yunnan dialect have only 20% phonetic difference (the phonetic difference between Cantonese and Northern dialect is as high as 70%). Of course, there are times when you don't understand, but that's mostly because you can't figure out the meaning of those "special nouns". For example, if a Tianjin person tells you that someone "works in the mud, talks away from Xi, and reads three times behind his back", you will also be at a loss. Because you really can't imagine that "Winnie" means no effort, "Li Xi" means no score, and "Reading Yin San" means telling anecdotes, but you can still understand the words "Winnie", "Li Xi" and "Reading Yin San". When the other party explains it again, everything will be understood.
Listen to southerners, and you'll be in big trouble. The first is all kinds of words. For example, the third person is called "He" in the northern dialect area, and "Yi" (Wu dialect and Min dialect), "Qu" (Gan dialect, Cantonese dialect and Hakka dialect), "Xian" and "Qi" (Wu dialect) in the south. You have at least "Nong" (Wu dialect) and "Confucianism" (Min dialect); Another example is grandma, who is basically called "grandma" in the north. In the south, some people are called "Niangniang" (Wenzhou), some are called "mother-in-law" (Nanchang), some are called "Ma Zi" (Xiamen), some are called "Grandma" (Guangzhou), some are called "Yima" (Fuzhou), and others are most ridiculous. People in Guangzhou call their father "Lao Dou". Dad, if we are old beans, what are we? Bean sprouts? It's also wrong to write "old sinus". Dad is a big hole, and we are small holes?
Listen to southerners, and you'll be in big trouble.
Even if you use the same word, you may not understand it. "You" is "Wu" and "Wu" is "Mo". Is there one or not? Besides, not all southerners call "nothing" steamed stuffed bun, but some people call it "cat". They often can't tell the initials l and n, and the finals an and ang. Thus, in their mouths, men became "wolves" and women became "donkeys". Minnan people are more fun. They simply call people "wolves" and dance with them. When a Minhou man was reading The Yugong Yishan, because he couldn't change it, he read the famous saying "I have a son when I die, and there is no end to my descendants when I die" as "I have to cook when I die, and there is no end to being sour", which is still "official speech". If you say hometown, it will be more troublesome. Hunan people call "binding" "Tɑ" and "tired" "Nɑ". I can't even find the homonym. You got it?
Southerners still speak upside down. For example, "the dead are salty" cannot be understood. Dead people only stink, how can they be salty? Fish with Chinese sauerkraut? It turns out that this is Minnan dialect, meaning "extremely salty" and "extremely salty". Because Minnan people like to say things backwards, which makes us very confused. In fact, there is a similar saying in the north, such as "death is salty, death is salty", but it is better to understand without putting a word in it.