After reading this book "The Boundaries of Growth" by David Epstein, I had extremely complicated emotions. My first impression of this book was that it was subversive. It subverted us. Everything you need to know about professionals. After reading this book, we have to be skeptical about many facts that we once believed to be truth. Let’s take a look at what common perceptions the author has subverted: education must win at the starting line; ten thousand hours of theory, persistence must be good; the more experience, the better; the author even puts forward what we most want to believe Experts have overturned it, so where will our lives go?

In addition, deliberate practice will also kill the motivation for subsequent transformation. This is most obvious in many sports athletes. When athletes have a brilliant career, it must be the result of deliberate practice, but we have also seen this There are too many athletes who have fallen into disrepair after retirement. After they have been in the industry for a long time, they are accustomed to seeking jobs in the same industry. However, if they do not find a job that satisfies them, they will often fall into a long wait and no longer have the motivation to engage in a new industry. With the athlete's perseverance, if he changes his career to another career, he will definitely be able to succeed. However, because of the athletes' deliberate practice in the early stage, there are too many sunk costs, which also brings great resistance to their change of career.

Let’s first look at how experience and experts are cultivated. Modern times are an era of knowledge explosion. Countless information is flooding our real life. No one person can fully master all knowledge, and all walks of life are becoming more and more specialized. Students begin to divide liberal arts and science subjects from high school and work hard in their own directions. When it comes to university, it is further subdivided into various majors, such as liberal arts, science, engineering, and business. Each has its own completely independent training mechanism. There are already 506 undergraduate majors. The ancients said there are 360 ??professions. Now society far exceeds this number. After four years of undergraduate training, we entered a related industry and began our journey of hard work. In related positions, the more years you have worked and the more experience you have, the more professional you will be in related work, and the benefits and wages will be higher and higher. This is the source of experience and the way to cultivate experts. .

However, experience or experts trained in this way can easily fall into the trap of skills, which is not a good thing for individuals or society. For individuals, the longer we work in a profession, the easier it is to fall into the curse of experience. When we think about problems, we will rely too much on our past experience, resulting in a situation where we can only see the trees but not the forest. This kind of empiricism sometimes puts professionals' lives in danger. The book gives the example of firefighters. Firefighters' equipment is their extremely professional equipment. It is not only a tool for fighting fires, but also a guarantee for their escape. This has become part of their profession. But when they really need to evacuate quickly, these equipment sometimes become their shackles and make them fall into the trap of experience. It has been proven in many accidents that firefighters still carry heavy equipment when they need to evacuate quickly, which poses a great obstacle to their evacuation. This kind of thing that can be thought of by non-professionals at a glance is very familiar to them. Intellectual misunderstandings. The same misunderstanding is even more harmful when it occurs in society. The book gives an example in the medical system. If it is true, it would be a bit scary. During the cardiologist conference, the death rate from heart disease in the hospital was actually the lowest, which means that the treatment by cardiologists actually caused an increase in the death rate from heart disease. I hope this is not true, but it can be explained. There is a famous saying that goes like this: "If you only have a hammer in your hand, everything you see will be a nail." People are more accustomed to solving problems with what they are good at. After a long period of professional training, this kind of profession is The only way to solve the problem. Professionalism and experience thus become the trap of skills.

"The Boundary of Growth" uses a large number of examples to solve a problem for us: to break the boundaries of our understanding, regardless of knowledge or cognition, we must jump out of the existing categories and go to a broader Look at the world from the perspective of heaven and earth, and be a talent with unlimited growth boundaries.

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