China culture is profound and has a long history. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, in science and technology, thought, history, literature and art, etc. They have made outstanding achievements. It is an important part of China's traditional culture and has made great contributions to the development of human civilization.
Medicine
① Huangdi Neijing, compiled by the Western Han Dynasty, was an early and important medical document in China. It reflected the early achievements of ancient Chinese medicine. It laid the theoretical foundation of Chinese medicine.
② The Classic of Prescriptions recorded in the silk book of Mawangdui Han Tomb in the Western Han Dynasty.
③ The Classic of Shennong's Materia Medica in the Eastern Han Dynasty is the earliest existing monograph on pharmacology in China.
④ Zhang Zhongjing and Hua Tuo at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty were famous physicians in ancient China.
A. Zhang Zhongjing's. It laid the foundation for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of TCM, and later called Zhang Zhongjing "the sage of medicine". < P > B. Hua Tuo is good at surgery and is known as "the imperial doctor". Mafeisan, which he invented, is an anesthetic extracted from plants. It is suitable for surgery. This invention is more than 1,6 years earlier than that in the West.
History and literature
1. Sima Qian and Historical Records
① Historical Records, the first biographical history in ancient China written by the famous historian Sima Qian, describes the history of more than 3, years from Huangdi to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, which has high historical data and literary value. < p Lu Xun praised it as "Li Sao without rhyme".
2. Hanshu
① Han Shu, the historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, wrote the first dynastic history of China, which was the first example of biographical dynastic history.
② Han Shu described the history of the Western Han Dynasty.
(2) Literature
1. The achievements in prose creation are also very high.
2. The rise of Fu and the representative works of Han Fu
① Fu is a new literary genre influenced by the prose of pre-Qin Dynasty and various schools of thought in the Han Dynasty. Han Fu has a great influence on later generations in its creative techniques.
② The representative works of the Western Han Dynasty include Sima Xiangru's Zi Xu Fu and Shang Lin Fu.
③ The representative works of the Eastern Han Dynasty include Ban Gu's Ode to the Two Capitals, etc.
3. Poems of the Han Dynasty
① Poems of the Han Dynasty, represented by Yuefu and Nineteen Ancient Poems, are the pearls in the treasure house of Chinese literature.
② Yuefu was an institution in charge of music and dance by the government during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, such as Battle of the South of the City, Fifteenth Military Conscription. Cold in Meng Dong and Bright Moon He Jiao Jiao were masterpieces at that time.
4. Prose
① Jia Yi's On Accumulation and Storage, On Qin Dynasty and Chao Cuo's On Gui Li Shu were masterpieces of the Western Han Dynasty.
② Sima Qian's biographies of Historical Records were also beautiful essays. Strong appeal.
Sculpture and painting
(1) Sculpture
1. Pottery art
① Sculpture in Qin and Han Dynasties was brilliant. The fine pottery sculptures include the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the First Qin Emperor's Mausoleum, the handmaiden musical figurines and the animal figurines.
② Terracotta Warriors and Horses are the treasures of sculpture art in China, and people praise them as the eighth wonder in the world.
③ Handmaiden musical figurines.
② His representative works include painted bronze wagons in the Qin Mausoleum and bronze galloping horses in Wuwei, etc.
(2) Painting
1. The painting art in Qin and Han Dynasties was developed, and the types of cultural relics that reflect the painting level in Qin and Han Dynasties include: tomb murals, silk paintings, wood carvings, decorative paintings, etc.
2. The colored silk paintings unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha are rare treasures of silk paintings in Han Dynasty.