1. Gongmingxuan did not study for three years. Translation

He did not study for three years

[Original text] Gongmingxuan learned from Zengzi and did not study for three years. Zengzi said "Xuan, you have lived in Sanmen for three years, why don't you learn?" Gongming Xuan said: "How dare you not learn? Xuan saw that the master was living in the palace, and his voice was not loud enough for dogs and horses. He preached it and learned it. But failed; declared that the Master was respectful and frugal but not lazy when attending guests; declared that the Master was learned but failed; declared that the Master lived in the court and was strict but not damaging; declared that the Master was learned but failed. Speaking of these three things, he failed to learn them. How dare Xuan An live in the master's house without learning?

[Translation] Gongmingxuan studied with Zengzi and did not study for three years. Zengzi said: "Xuan, you have been with me for three years and you have not studied. Why?" Gongmingxuan replied: "How dare I Why don't you study? I see you at home, because your parents are there, and you don't yell at the dogs and horses. I admire you from the bottom of my heart. I admire you from the bottom of my heart, and I tried my best to learn, but I just couldn't learn it well. I see that as an important official of the imperial court, you have strict requirements on your subordinates, but you never hurt them. I sincerely admire you, and you try your best to learn, but you just can't learn it well. I deeply admire you. Although I have learned these virtues, I have not learned them well. How dare I not study hard and be a student under you in vain? "

After hearing this, Zengzi stood up and said apologetically: "I'm not as good at studying as you!"

2. Full text translation of the classical Chinese text "Three Arrivals in Reading"

1. Translation

I once said: Studying Pay attention to the "three things", that is, when reading, you must concentrate, read carefully, and recite. If the mind is not on the book, then the eyes will not read carefully. If the mind and eyes are not attentive, but just read casually, they will definitely not be able to remember it, and even if they can remember it, they will not last long. Among the three, the heart is the most important. The heart has already arrived, can the eyes and mouth not reach it?

First, if you just read it in a wandering way, you will never remember it, and you can't remember it for a long time. Among the three times, the heart is the most anxious. Once the heart is there, won't the eyes and mouth not care?"

3. Source.

Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty, "Xunxue Zhaigui"

Extended information

1. Three principles of reading

1. Pronunciation:

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dú shū sān dào

2. Definition:

A Chinese idiom that describes reading very seriously.

2. Other famous aphorisms about reading

1. Read a book a hundred times, and its meaning will appear by itself

2. There is a golden house in a book. There is beauty in it

3. Books are the ladder of human progress

4. I throw myself on books like a hungry person on bread

5 , Read more than ten thousand volumes, write like a god

Sogou Encyclopedia-Reading Three to 3. Sanyu's Reading Classical Chinese Translation

Translation:

Dong Yu, Zi Ji Zhi has a dull personality but is eager to learn. During the Xingping period, Li Jue and others in Guanzhong rebelled, so he and his brother Ji Zhong defected to General Duan Xuan. They often went up the mountain to collect firewood and sold it back to make money (to support their lives). Every time they went to the mountain to collect firewood, Dong Yu took a book with him. When he had time, he took out the book and read it. His brother laughed at him, but Dong Yu did not correct himself.

There was a person who was studying with Dong Yu. Dong Yu refused to teach him, but said: "You must read it many times before doing this." Dong Yu meant: "Read it several times, and it will be better." The meaning came out naturally."

The person asking for advice said: "I have no time." Dong Yu said, "We should use 'Sanyu'." Someone asked what the meaning of "Sanyu" was, and Dong Yu said. : "Winter is the spare time of the year (for reading), night is the spare time during the day (for reading), and rainy days are spare time for normal times."

Original text:

Dong) Yu, whose courtesy name is Jizhi, is quiet and studious in nature. Xing Pingzhong, Guanzhong was disturbed, and he and his brother Ji Zhongyi general Duan Xuan. He collects rice grains and sells them, often holding scriptures in his hands and studying them in his spare time. His brother laughs at him but does not change his mind.

When someone is a scholar and refuses to teach, he says: "You must read it a hundred times first." He says: "Read it a hundred times, and the meaning will become clear to you." A scholar says: "It is hard to live without the sun." When asked, "It should be called 'three more'." Or ask what "three more than" means. Yu said: "Winter is the remainder of the year, night is the remainder of the day, and rain is the remainder of the time."

Extended information:

Dong Yu's "San Yu" reading comes from "Wei Lue·Confucian Biography·Dong Yu" written by Yu Huan points out that to read good books, you should seize all your spare time.

Dong Yu, courtesy name Jizhi. He has a simple personality, not good at words but eager to learn. During the Xingping reign of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, Li Jue and others in Guanzhong rebelled, so Dong Yu and his brother took refuge with their friend, General Duan Xuan.

Dong Yu and his brother collected wild rice and sold it to make a living. Whenever they went to collect firewood, Dong Yu always brought Confucian books with him. Whenever he had free time, he would take them out and learn to read. His brother laughed at him, But Dong Yu still continued to study.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Sanyu Reading 4. Su Shi's poem about "It is abominable for a scholar-official to not read for three days"

I have also checked the source of this passage before. First, I saw this record in Volume 11, Article 48, of "Xiao Chuang You Ji" written by Chen Meigong (1558-1639) of the Ming Dynasty (1558-1639) bought from Panjiayuan in Beijing: "If a scholar-bureaucrat does not study for three days, he will not observe etiquette and justice. "The appearance is disgusting and the language is tasteless." I originally thought that this was the earliest source, but later I found that "The Story of a Small Window" was not the earliest, but was preceded by another Ming opera theorist, He Liangjun (1506-1573). ) There is also such a saying in his "Shishuo Xinyu Supplement·Yu Pian": "Huang Taishi said: 'If a scholar-bureaucrat does not study for three days, he will not have etiquette and justice in his chest, and he will feel that his face is hateful and his words are tasteless.'" Although the text is There are slight changes, but the words are the same. The "Huang Taishi Yun" mentioned in the book is Huang Tingjian from the Song Dynasty.

A few days ago, I read Chen Meigong's "A Quiet Story on a Rock" and found that this passage was also recorded in this book: "There is a common saying in the Huangshan Valley: A scholar-bureaucrat who does not read for three days feels that his language is tasteless, and even looking in the mirror is dull. The appearance is disgusting. Mi Yuanzhang also said: If you don't read for a day, you will feel dull. I think the ancients did not read for a while. I think Chen Meigong also read this passage from Huang Tingjian's work.

Recently I read Su Shi's Collected Works and saw Su Dongpo's record in "Records of Huang Lu Zhiyu": "If a scholar-bureaucrat does not study for three days, he will not keep his principles in mind, look at the mirror and feel that his face is disgusting, and he will look at others. The language is also tasteless." It can be seen that Huang's words were quite famous at the time, so much so that his friend Su Dongpo wrote them down like an excerpt of a famous sentence.

As for which article Huang Tingjian said this sentence in, I didn’t have the "Collected Works of Huang Tingjian" in hand, so I didn’t have time to check it in detail. In addition, it is also known whether anyone earlier than Huang said this. Hongwei or if any of your friends have Huang's collected works, you can check them out to get the leopard's tail. 5. "Sanyu's Reading" Classical Chinese

Original text:

(Dong) Yu's courtesy name is Jizhi, and his nature is dull and studious. Xing Pingzhong, Guanzhong was disturbed, and he and his brother Ji Zhongyi general Duan Xuan. He collects rice grains and sells them, and often takes scriptures with him to study in his spare time. His brother laughs at him but does not change his mind.

When encountering Shanzhi "Laozi", he wrote explanatory notes for "Laozi". He is also good at "Zuo Shi Zhuan", and even wrote "Zhu Mo Bieyi". There are people who are scholars, but if they are unwilling to teach, they say: "You must be the first; read it a hundred times!" He said: "Read it a hundred times, and the meaning will be apparent to you. "

A scholar said: "Bitterness and thirst are endless."

When asked, "Three Yus"

Or ask "Three." It means "more than". Yu said: "Winter is the remainder of the year, night is the remainder of the day, and rain is the remainder of the time."

Comments

When using "three surplus", it means: Use

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Ne (four sounds of ne): Speech is not fluent.

Neat nature: Simple and not good at words.

Barley harvester: Barley: a self-grown grain. Negative, carry. To sell, to sell. The meaning here is to collect grain and sell it.

Year: year.

Its meaning is self-explanatory:

"Jian" is not pronounced as "jiàn" but "xiàn". To use the word "jian", "jian" is the same as "xian", the translation of the entire sentence The meaning (of the article or book) will come out naturally. "Read it a hundred times, and its meaning will appear by itself."

The governance of "Laozi" when encountering good governance: The governance of "Laozi" when encountering good governance. Encounter: Dong Yu. Good: good at, like (here refers to research on...). Treatment: Study. Dong Yu was good at studying "Laozi".

Or you may ask about the meaning of "three more than" or: Or you may ask about the meaning of "three more than". Or "or" is the meaning of Sanyu (some people).

Sentence translation:

1. Bitter and thirsty: (What you said makes sense), but suffering from lack of time.

2. Winter is the spare time of the year, night is the spare time of the day, and rain is the spare time of the hour: winter is the free time of the year; night is the free time of the day; rainy day is the free time of the day. Temporary free time.

Translation

Dong Yu, courtesy name Jizhi. He is a simple and honest man, and he has loved learning since childhood. During the Xingping reign of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, Guanzhong (and others) rebelled, so Dong Yu and his brother Ji Zhong took refuge with their friend Duan Xuan. (Dong Yu and his brother went into the mountains to collect firewood and carry it back to sell. (Dong Yu) always brought a book with him every time he went to collect firewood. Whenever he had free time, he would take it out and read. His brother laughed at him, but he still did not change. .

Dong Yu studied "Laozi" very well and wrote annotations for it. He was also good at "The Biography of Zuo Shi in the Spring and Autumn Period" and even wrote "Zhu Mo Bieyi". Scholars nearby asked him to give lectures, but he refused to teach, but said to them: "Read it a hundred times, and its meaning will become apparent." There is no time." Dong Yu said: "We should use more than three hours."

Someone asked what "Sanyu" means? Dong Yu said: "(Sanyu is three kinds of free time) Winter is the free time of the year; evening is the free time of the day; rainy days are the temporary free time.

Understanding< /p>

What do you understand in "Dong Yu Sanyu's Reading" "There are people who are scholars, but when you encounter someone who refuses to teach, he says: 'You must be the first; read it a hundred times!' '"

In order to inspire people's consciousness, the intention is to ask others to think carefully when reciting it repeatedly, so as to realize its meaning. 6. The ancient text "There are three ways to read"

Original text

"Yu Chang said that there are three ways to read, namely, the heart, the eyes, and the mouth. If the mind is not here, the eyes will not look carefully; if the mind is not focused, it will only read rambles, and it will never be memorized, nor can it be memorized for a long time. Among the three arrivals, I feel the most anxious. Now that the heart is there, won’t the eyes and mouth not care? "

Translation

I once said: "There are three ways to read, namely, the heart, the eyes, and the mouth. If your mind is not on the textbook, then your eyes will not read carefully. Since your mind is not focused, you can only read casually and never remember it. Even if you remember it, it will not last long. Among the three, the heart is the most important. Since the mind has been concentrated, how could the use of eyes and mouth not be in place? ”

The above comes from Baidu Encyclopedia 7. Classical Chinese essays about reading

The classical Chinese essays about reading are:

1. The method of reading is step by step and familiar. Read and think deeply. - "The Essentials of Reading" by Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty

Translation: The method of reading is to read it slowly and step by step, and think more when you encounter problems.

2. Black-haired people don’t know how to study hard when they are young, and white-haired people regret studying late. ——Yan Zhenqing of the Tang Dynasty’s "Poetry to Encourage Learning"

Translation: When you are young, you don’t know how to study hard. It's too late to regret reading when you are old.

3. Read a hundred times, and the meaning will be apparent. ——Jin·Chen Shou's "Three Kingdoms·Wei Zhi·Biography of Wang Su"

Translation: Reading. If you read it hundreds of times, you will naturally understand the meaning of the calligraphy.

4. After reading thousands of volumes, you can write like a master. ——Twenty-two Rhymes from Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty

Translation. : Read a lot of books and read them thoroughly, so that when you put them into writing, you will be able to use them with ease.

5. When the book is used, there will be less regrets. ——Anonymous "Zengguang Xianwen" of the Ming Dynasty

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Translation: Only when you really use the knowledge will you regret that you have learned too little.

6. There are three ways to read, namely, to know with the heart, to know with the eyes, and to know with the mouth. - Southern Song Dynasty. ·Zhu Xi's "Xunxue Zhaigui"

Translation: To study with concentration, the three must be in place

7. Those who know are not as good as those who are good at it, and those who are good at it are not as good as enjoying it. ——The Disciples of Confucius and His Disciples in the Spring and Autumn Period "The Analects of Confucius Yong Ye"

Translation: Those who know how to learn are not as good as those who love learning; those who love learning are not as good as those who take it as a guide. A happy person. 8. Classical Chinese and translations of "Sanyu" reading

(Dong) Yu, whose courtesy name is Ji Zhi, is a scholar but refuses to teach. "You must read it a hundred times first. "If you read it a hundred times, its meaning will become apparent to you." A scholar said: "Bitter and thirsty." " Yu Yan said: "It should be more than three. "Some people asked about the meaning of "three surplus", and they said: "Winter means the remainder of the year, night means the remainder of the day, and rainy weather means the remainder of the hour. "So students learn from Yu. [1]

Notes 1 Yu: Dong Yu, a famous scholar during the Three Kingdoms period.

2 Nature (nè): Simple temperament , Slow to speak. Nature: Simple. Slow.

4. Follow.

6: Conjunction, instead.

7 See (xiàn): Appear, appear.

8 Bitter and thirsty: extremely eager (to study), but no time.

9 or: some people

10 years old.

11: often.

12. Zhu, many.

13. Gradually, slowly.

14: therefore.

15: use. [1]

Translation: Dong Yu, named Jizhi, has a simple temperament and is slow to speak but loves to learn. They studied with him, but he refused to teach them. Instead, he said: "You must read the book a hundred times." As the saying goes: "Read the book a hundred times, its meaning will naturally appear." Those who studied with him said: "We are extremely Desire to learn but no time. Dong Yu said: "Sanyu's time should be used." "Someone asked about the meaning of "Sanyu", and Dong Yu said: "Winter is the free time of the year, night is the free time of the day, and rainy days are the free time in normal times.

"So many scholars gradually followed Dong Yu. [1] 9. Reading ancient Chinese requires three good translations

When reading, you must read every word loudly, and you must not read a word wrong. , do not read a word less, read a word more, read a word upside down, or memorize it by force. As long as you read it a few times, it will come out naturally and you will not forget it even after a long time. < /p>

The ancients said: “The more you read a book, the more you will understand its principles. "That is to say, if you are familiar with the book, you will naturally understand its principles without relying on other people's explanations.

I once said: There are three things in reading, which are called heart understanding, eye understanding, and oral understanding. If the mind is not on the book, then the eyes will not read carefully. If the mind and eyes are not focused, but just read casually, they will definitely not be able to remember it, and even if they can remember it, they will not last long.

Of the three arrivals, the most important thing is that the heart is urgent. Since the heart is already there, how can it be that the eyes and mouth are not there?