Yu Yijing often said that classes should be interesting and fascinate students, but they should always teach and be new.
The new Chinese Teaching Syllabus for Full-time Senior Middle Schools, which was officially promulgated and implemented in March 2000, points out: "In Chinese teaching, we should attach importance to the development of students' learning thinking quality and thinking ability, especially the cultivation of creative thinking. "
Yu Yi said that language is a tool of thinking, and thinking without language does not exist. Thinking is the content of language. Without thinking, there can be no language. Thinking is an indirect response to the generalization of external things, and thinking is realized by means of language.
Yu Yi said that in the long-term teaching practice, I found that there is a deep-rooted need in people's hearts, that is, to feel that I am a discoverer, researcher and explorer.
Yu Yi said that excellent teachers always focus on students' mental work, so that students can feel the power of their own wisdom, experience the happiness they created, and have a sense of pride in mastering their own knowledge and controlling their own growth process in the arduous and not easy, sometimes complicated and even painful thinking process.
Balzac said that the question mark is the key to all science.
Learning comes from thinking, and thinking comes from doubt; Doubt is the beginning of thinking and the end of learning; Small doubts lead to small progress, big doubts lead to big progress, and no doubts lead to no progress. Therefore, when preparing lessons, I not only recite knowledge, but also carefully design it, which is enough to inspire students to doubt, question and dispel doubts, create various conditions for students to doubt, urge students to think deeply, delve into problems and cultivate the profundity of thinking.
It has distinct practicality: the ways and means I use to train my thinking are various, not individual: "Blooming on my face" is to train my agility; "Deep development" is the depth of training thinking; "Encouraging differences" is to cultivate the reverse creativity of thinking. I strive to be a "person who can teach students to think", and my classroom becomes a "king's kingdom of positive thinking", encouraging students to love me and truth.
"Bloom on the face" training method: For example, Professor Camellia Fu, at the end, asked every student to express his feelings and praise the motherland immediately with the title of "XX Fu". Students work in a mobile way, from the beginning to the end of each round. In less than a few minutes, the training covers all students' thinking. It's difficult, because in a short time, "praising the motherland" will be deducted, and other students will not repeat it.
The first characteristic of this kind of thinking training is nervousness, because nervousness can make people's intellectual potential play unexpectedly. Psychological research shows that almost everyone has potential in intelligence, and this unconscious potential will be supernormal in difficult or nervous situations. "Use your quick wits", even so. The second feature of this kind of thinking training is its wide participation, just like brainstorming now.
"In-depth development" training method: this method requires grasping contradictions and prompting students to think about opposing things, which are mutually exclusive. When people encounter this situation, it is easy to cause thinking, and so is the study of students. Therefore, I often grasp the contradictions in the exposure or connotation of the text itself, and grasp the contradictions arising from students' understanding of the text to guide students to use their brains. For example, who is the protagonist in the last lesson? Is it Mr. Han or Xiao Fa? If it is the former, according to what if? What is the basis of the latter?
Training method of "encouraging differences": seeking different thinking, when solving a problem, you may use many methods, and there may be many correct answers to a problem. You can think along different methods and consider along different channels, which is one of the characteristics; Second, the thinking of seeking differences is not limited by any restrictions and does not rely on ready-made materials to solve problems; Third, the thinking of seeking difference breaks through the habitual pattern, jumps out of the box of habit, and carries out non-habitual or reverse thinking, so as to find the non-habitual characteristics of things and find the non-habitual answers; Fourth, the thinking of seeking differences often involves speculation, hypothesis, association and imagination. The developed thinking of seeking differences will make students' listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities more creative.
Elephants are invisible, which is the Chinese teaching style I pursue.
Lv Shuxiang, a master of Chinese studies, once said that Chinese teaching is half science and half art. This really shows the personality characteristics that distinguish Chinese teaching from other subjects. Chinese teaching is called science because it must follow the iron law of education; Chinese teaching is called art because it is as flexible as water.
Ushinski said: "If a teacher does not lag behind the process of modern education, he will feel that he is an active member of the big organization to overcome human ignorance and bad habits, an intermediary between all noble and great people in the past history and the new generation, and a preserver of the sacred heritage of those who struggle for truth and happiness. He feels that he is a living link between the past and the future. " This passage enlightens us that teachers are the intermediary and "bridge" between all noble and great figures in the past history and the new generation, that is to say, teachers face people first.
Records of Confucius' teaching in The Analects of Confucius. This kind of "model of generations" always asks a key question first to inspire students and guide them to speak freely. Student Kan Kan said that thinking is free and independent, with rational exploration and emotional warmth. The teacher himself doesn't talk much, but in the process of students' speech, he sometimes "squeaks" and sometimes "sighs": I am speechless. This occasional episode is basically the same as what we said today.
Three-dimensional, multi-dimensional and seamless is the characteristic of my classroom teaching.
Three-dimensional multi-functional effects: first, from the height of all-round education; Secondly, it comes from the depth and breadth of teaching material mining; Third, the teaching methods are flexible and changeable. On the one hand, I make sure that the teaching materials are focused, with clear priorities and detailed contents. On the other hand, I ensure that the teaching process is intensive, undulating and sloping.
Striking the strings of the soul gives students aesthetic enjoyment. 1, teaching passion, first of all, you have to burn yourself; 2. Create a situation, which is an aesthetic world. A variety of teaching methods, such as clever introduction, beautiful reading, emotional talk and overflowing interest, enable students to feel emotions, enjoy beauty, gain interest and accept rationality in class, thus truly entering the realm of works.
As the ancients said, a word is like firecrackers, which can be easily cut at once; When the end is like a clock, there is more than one clear sound. Emphasize the requirements of the beginning and the end.
Expand the cultural field with historical philosophy, music, fine arts, drama performance and other related knowledge. Naturally, we can open up the channels between disciplines, lead students to a broad world of knowledge, let all kinds of cultural information such as literature, history and philosophy gather their eyes, broaden students' horizons, awaken students' associations and improve their cultural taste.
Zankov pointed out in "Conversation with Teachers": "Teachers themselves must have this quality-they can understand and experience the beauty in life and art, and then they can cultivate this quality in students. If you follow the teaching method, you just do things coldly and without enthusiasm, it may not have any effect. "
Shen Deqian, a man of A Qing Dynasty, said, "There are first-class minds, first-class knowledge and first-class true poems." The Four Tones of Shi Shuo Sui
Yu Yi said: To impress students, teachers should first impress themselves; In order to make students love Chinese, first of all, teachers should be fascinated by the language of the motherland.
Yu Yi said: Only truth, true knowledge and true feelings can shake people's hearts. Without noble moral sentiment, rich professional knowledge and profound aesthetic cultivation, the real teaching passion can't come out.
language
Brooks, an American psychologist and a child psychologist at Harvard Medical School, shows that teachers' language is of great significance to children's learning.
Pursuing vividness and appropriateness, rich rhetoric and clear and harmonious language rhythm.
"Language is not honey, but it can stick to things."
Yu Yi said: The art of teaching can be called the art of language, and the artist of teaching must also be the artist of language. Since she embarked on the post of struggle, her goal is: to say it in words and write it down in words. She has always made up her mind to "die without surprising words" and insisted on writing detailed cases. Every word has been carefully scrutinized and pondered, "live after death first, and make a living by death". He told everyone with his own teaching practice that teachers must hone their teaching language, study the art of language, and play beautiful and moving music with language, so as to arouse and stir in the minds of bosom friends-students, and receive good teaching results.
Yu Yi's language pursuit is vivid and cordial. Not only the tone, but also the posture. To pursue this richness, we can use synonyms and synonyms in class, use professional vocabulary, idioms and proverbs, use the essence of classical literature and love words in written language, avoid language poverty and dryness, and increase language elegance. Draw language nourishment from various arts such as drama, film, painting and music. In her analysis of the text, terms such as "Facebook", "light sense", "line" and "lens" can be seen everywhere. Pursue clear and harmonious language rhythm, purity, rigor and logic.
Yu Yi: Every spring, we like to eat bamboo shoots, which are wrapped in layers of bamboo shells. Only by peeling off the shell can we see the bamboo shoots. We also use the method of peeling bamboo shoots to analyze this article. Let's peel off the main idea of the article layer by layer.
Yu Yi said that the current education should strive to make every student a capitalized person, a person who has self-goals, independent pursuit and can realize his own life value, a person who adapts to the needs of the times and develops harmoniously with society.
"University" has a clear meaning at the beginning, saying: the way of university is to be well-known and close to the people, and stop at perfection. That is, the purpose of learning is to show the virtue of inner beauty and goodness, to make people turn over a new leaf and to put people in the highest moral realm.
Plato, an ancient Greek philosopher, used the metaphor of "a prisoner in a cave" in the book Republic to tell the true meaning of education: that is, education is to uproot people's soul and spirit and lead people to the real world; Knowledge and skills are the steps to help the soul climb. Therefore, "true education" leads people's souls to a truly high level, which is the promotion of the realm of life.
Mr. Tao Xingzhi's "teaching thousands of religions, teaching people to seek truth, learning thousands of religions, and learning to be a man" is to pursue the nobility of people's spiritual world.
Yu Yi said that the essence of education is to cultivate people and enhance their spiritual strength.
Yu Yi said that the essence of education is to pay attention to the cultivation, development and spiritual perfection of people, and to the all-round development and lifelong development of students.
Yu Yi said that human life itself contains various development potentials, and the task of education is to turn students' energy conservation into development reality.
Yu Yi said that education always has different levels of value. The shallow value of education is the deep value that pays too much attention to the pursuit of making a living, seeking profit and fame in the individual development of education, but ignores or despises the full development of personality and the formation of noble spiritual realm.
Yu Yi said that people-oriented, all-round development is to treat people as people and build the relationship between people with their appearance. As far as education is concerned, students and teachers are the main bodies in the education process, and they have the same development and growth needs. Education should cultivate their sense of independence, give them enough room for development, and let them fully and clearly understand the value and significance of their subjectivity. To guide them to grow up healthily, the students' concept has changed from "I want to learn to be successful" to "I want to learn to be successful", and the teachers' concept has changed from "I want to teach and contribute" to "I want to teach and contribute", so that they can truly become the masters of learning and teaching and their own growth and development. This comprehensive education concept, on the basis of fully embodying the enthusiasm of students and teachers, constructs a new relationship between teachers and students, which really enables students and teachers to learn from each other and grow together, thus forming a sustainable development model of people and education.
As we all know, understanding the texture of materials is the basic skill of sculptors. We should study the materials carefully to find out their texture, straightness, hardness and the pressure they can withstand. Because of the carving and shaping of materials, we can make amazing handicrafts.
Yu Yi said that if our educational work wants to achieve results, we must attach importance to and exercise teachers' "knowledge and quality" ability like craftsmen. Teachers should make great efforts to understand students, study students, understand their inner world, grasp their development and changes in the process of growth, and make their education work based on science. Otherwise, starting from subjective imagination, we will be blind and get twice the result with half the effort, which will make it impossible for us to complete the educational task entrusted by the times.
Han Ying's Biography of Hanshu Poetry: Wisdom is like a spring, and you can be a teacher.
Yu Yi said that teachers should teach students to discover the bright colors of the times and society, the truth, goodness and beauty in life, and help students establish a positive life value orientation and world outlook, because students do not have a second youth.
Yu Yi said that teachers should learn four things: first, learn to love, and teachers should love the party, the motherland, education and students in order to have unremitting internal motivation; Second, learn to be dedicated. Teachers bear a heavy burden, one for students and the other for the future of the motherland. This is the whole work of teachers. Third, learn the correct value judgment. Minors' recognition ability is not strong. Students will benefit greatly if teachers have correct value judgments and establish socialist core values. The fourth is to learn the true skills of education and teaching. Now students are active and knowledgeable, and teachers have real talents and practical learning. What they say can only be heard if they learn. This is actually the ideal realm I pursue.
Yu Yi said that my goal is to "say it in words and write it down in words".
Yu Yi said that as a Chinese teacher, besides the basic qualities of teachers, I think three things are particularly important. First, we should have a patriotic heart and a warm heart. Second, as a Chinese teacher, you need to have cultural accumulation. Thirdly, Chinese teachers' teaching language should be rich in content.
Yu Yi said that there are two rulers in my life, one for measuring the strengths of others and the other for measuring my own shortcomings.
Ushinski put it well: "Everything in education should be based on the teacher's personality, because the power of education can only be generated from the living source of personality, and no rules and regulations, no matter how cleverly conceived, can replace the role of teacher's personality in education."
Suhomlinski said: "In the most secret corner of every child's heart, there is a unique string. If you dial it, it will make a unique sound. To make the child's heart resonate with what we say, I need to align the tone with the child's heartstrings. "
Yu Yi said that teachers should put themselves in the students' shoes, so that students can increase their understanding, reduce their impetuousness, make fewer "prohibition orders" and set fewer "obstacles", but actively guide and "persuade".
Yu Yi said that countless facts have educated me and made me deeply understand how to be a teacher. Never look at students with the same eyes. Every student is a variable, developing and changing. When teachers warm up to a certain extent, they will begin to understand, make rapid progress and thrive.
Yu Yi said that as early as 1980s, in view of the characteristics of Chinese subject, I put forward the teaching concept of "integrating knowledge imparting, ability training, intellectual development and ideological sentiment cultivation in one furnace". I try to use the word "integration" to reveal the integrity and diversification of Chinese teaching and training objectives, and put forward the idea that subject teaching should realize "all-round education" so that teaching can truly serve our overall educational objectives.
"No traffic, no flow." If you shove questions around, students' thinking will come alive. Teaching only teaches students what they don't know, deepens superficial things and asks questions where there is no doubt. Students can only taste the sweetness when they participate in the process of seeking knowledge with their teachers.
Chinese teaching should first cultivate students' interest in learning, so that they have noble taste, noble sentiment and rich emotions. Secondly, we should cultivate an attitude, an attitude of serious study. We should cultivate their scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts, optimistic attitude towards life and tolerant attitude towards life. In short, we should have a perfect attitude towards life, including subject study and the whole life. Finally, the correct values, which are the core content of people's comprehensive literacy, are particularly important in today's era.
Yu Yi said that in classroom teaching, teachers and students should interact in many aspects, such as knowledge, ability and thought, and the core is emotional activity, which is the "engine" of the soul. Without emotional "activation", teachers' feelings will be difficult to gallop, students' hearts will be difficult to fly, and our teaching will be difficult to reach a high level. Therefore, only by striving to create a rich atmosphere of mutual respect and love between teachers and students, fully stimulating the passion of teachers and students in teaching and learning, letting teachers' emotions soar and students' hearts spread their wings, the classroom teaching atmosphere will be active and the bilateral activities between teachers and students will reach the best state.
Yu Yi said, my view of China: humanism, my view of China's nature; Teaching and educating people, my Chinese teaching view; Go to a wide world, my big language view.
Yu Yi said that the excellent works of American literature are top grades. If you have true feelings for him, it will tell you a lot of rich connotations and surprise you constantly. Behind this language is the world, which is a specific philosophy of life.
Interest theory
Confucius said, "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy."
Piaget, the father of modern psychology, pointed out: "All mental work depends on interest." Russian educator ushinski also believes that "learning without any interest will inhibit students' intention to master knowledge. Darwin said, "I remember my personality when I was at school. What influenced me later was that I had strong and diverse interests, indulged in what I was interested in, and deeply loved to understand any complicated problems and things. "So, for education, interest will generate curiosity and develop intelligence. Interest is the best teacher and an indispensable psychological factor for students to learn.
Yu Yi said that I advocate "interest in Chinese teaching". "Teaching Chinese, the most important thing is to grasp the students' hearts and let them have a persistent desire to learn. "
Yu Yi said, how can we attract students like magnets in class? I think: "first of all, class should be fresh, not always a face;" Second, class should be interesting; Third, the classroom should have certain difficulty and depth, so that students can experience the joy of overcoming difficulties; Fourth, there should be living water of the times to make students feel excited.