With the improvement of human production level, the relationship between man and nature began to change, and man gradually changed from "fearing nature" to "conquering nature", which naturally became the object of human transformation. After the agricultural society, human beings began to transform nature on a large scale. Although this has expanded the cultivated land area and met the growing food demand, it has destroyed forests, grasslands and lakes, which not only leads to soil erosion, soil degradation, desertification and salinization, but also further causes ecological imbalance. The appearance of industrial civilization has fundamentally changed the relationship between human beings and nature: nature no longer has the mystery and power of the past, and human beings no longer need to rely on the authority of God to maintain their rule over nature as in the Middle Ages.
However, since the 20th century, with the environmental pollution, energy crisis and the threat of nuclear weapons, people have increasingly realized that the development of science and technology has not brought real progress to society, but has plunged human society into a profound and inevitable ecological crisis. As Engels warned, "Don't be too intoxicated with our victory over nature, for every such victory, nature will retaliate against us", and the relationship between man and nature has officially entered people's research field of vision.
Realizing the harmonious development between man and nature is no longer an ideal slogan in the contemporary era. It is a realistic problem related to the survival and development of all mankind based on the global ecological crisis. Since Ms. Brundtland put forward the concept of "sustainable development", the concept of emphasizing global sustainable development has been widely accepted by all countries in the world, and it has become the common aspiration of people in the new century to establish a new "earth ecosystem" in which man and nature develop harmoniously. However, this stage is still in the trial period, and there are many problems that need our efforts to solve. This paper believes that the most critical links include the following points.
(1) The establishment of a new overall ecological view. The first is to overcome the arrogance of traditional "anthropocentrism"? Take responsibility for your actions? Xun handled the relationship with others and the world with an open and inclusive attitude. The second is to reaffirm the natural harmonious relationship between man and nature, which have the same ecological interests. We should combine human development with maintaining the ecological environment, seek social development on the premise of protecting the ecological environment, and improve the ecological environment on the basis of development. In fact, a good ecological environment and sustainable utilization of natural resources are the basic premise and material basis for human survival and development. Finally, we must consider the sustainability of development. Social development should not only meet the needs of contemporary people, but also pose a threat to future generations. We should emphasize intergenerational equality and intra-generational equality. A fundamental condition for the harmonious development of society and the harmonious coexistence between man and nature is to let all people share the fruits of social progress and create a stable, healthy and happy living environment.
(2) Harmony and struggle between man and nature in sustainable development. Man and nature are contradictory. In fact, emphasizing the harmony between man and nature is based on acknowledging the contradiction between them, otherwise harmony will lose its content and significance. Such as earthquake, tsunami, flood, etc. They are all natural phenomena that human beings can never completely eliminate, and human existence is full of contradictions with them. To truly realize the harmonious development with nature, human beings must first be able to understand, master and control nature. There are both obedience and struggle in harmony, and harmony is based on the progress of human science, technology and culture.
(3) The imbalance of global scientific and technological development. To achieve harmony between man and nature, the development of science and technology is very important, which is the weight of our negotiations with nature. Only when our technical level can control and influence nature can we fully achieve harmony with nature. With the development of modern science and technology, we have a certain understanding of most natural disasters, such as the big natural disasters in the early days of human society have been basically avoided. But the biggest problem now is that the ecosystem is a big whole, and the environmental and ecological problems are global, and the imbalance of the development of science and technology in the world makes it difficult for us to truly achieve harmony with nature. Take the Indian Ocean tsunami as an example. Because there is no tsunami warning mechanism in the Indian Ocean coastal countries, even if the United States tries to inform the Indian Ocean coastal countries to get ready after detecting a major earthquake, it can't find an effective way to communicate with these countries, which leads to poor channels for these countries to share relevant information with other countries.
(4) Integration of science and technology, humanities and ecological environment. The ultimate realization of harmony between man and nature is the fundamental way for us to realize the integration of humanities, science and technology with the whole ecological environment. Because in contemporary society, the threat and destructive power of natural disasters such as earthquakes and river floods have been greatly reduced. Two-thirds of global climate change is caused by human factors, while others are caused by natural factors. Contemporary natural disasters are generally "three natural disasters and seven man-made disasters". For example, 1998, the flood in the whole Yangtze River basin was caused by expert research. Besides floods caused by excessive rainfall, there are also serious ecological damage, blind reclamation of lakes, unreasonable water conservancy construction and other reasons. The new view of nature that we advocate will adhere to the mutual restriction, interdependence and tolerance between man and nature, and the close connection, indivisibility and internal unity between man and nature. On the basis of recognizing the diversity of natural values, the consumption of natural resources should pay not only its traditional economic value, but also its ecological value.
Responder: Yi Ling Yi-trainee magician level 2 5- 17 22: 13
Westerners say that animals are another form of human beings. They are friends of mankind.
Friends depend on others and are loyal to them.
Indians reflect on the relationship between man and animals.
City parks should be places for people to take a leisurely walk, but in some parks in India, monkeys are rampant and no one dares to take care of them, which makes people rethink the relationship between people and animals.
It was a beautiful day, and Mrs. Sharma pushed her 5-month-old daughter to a nearby park for a walk in a newly bought stroller. Suddenly, a monkey jumped into the stroller from nowhere. It pounced on the child and scratched his face with its claws. Sharma froze for a moment. She screamed and pushed the monkey with her hand, but the monkey was still catching the child. Sharma squeezed the monkey's head with her nails and told the monkey to leave the child. Fortunately, the child's life was not in danger, but his face was scratched 25 times and needed urgent treatment.
According to the police, it is no accident that monkeys hurt people in this small park. Last month alone, the police station received 35 reports of monkey attacks, including monkey bites, residential harassment and destruction of items. It is said that the situation in other community parks is even worse, especially many community parks along the Yamuna River. The threat of monkeys has reached the point where everyone feels insecure. When entering the park, people must bring sticks and firecrackers to protect themselves. According to the statistics of Dr. Gotam, a doctor from the Health Bureau of the Central Government of India, the trend of monkey wounding in New Delhi is increasing at the rate of 10% to 15% every year. If measures are not taken immediately, this proportion will increase.
There are many parks in Indian cities, and their natural environment has a lot to write about. In particular, the relationship between people and animals in the park is very harmonious, almost to the point of envy of foreigners. It is absolutely impossible to see someone deliberately playing tricks on or beating animals in the park, or even yelling at them. It is said that this is related to their belief in non-killing and non-violence. So they never bully animals, and they are really afraid of stepping on ants when walking. On the contrary, we can always see that many people bring bread crumbs to feed animals, both adults and children. They feed not only peacocks and sika deer that add color to the park, but also annoying crows in other places, and even ants around the fence and on the roadside.
They are kind to animals. Animals here are never afraid of people. It turns out that the most timid squirrel will automatically run to your side for food, and crows will dance in the crowd like pigeons. However, they did not expect that such goodwill would bring bad consequences. Not only the crows in the park have become a disaster, but even monkeys who used to live in the nearby jungle have flocked to the city. Primate expert Malik said that the number of monkeys in New Delhi increased by 5,000 to 6,000 last year, and it is increasing at a rate of 20% every year. Those who feed beautiful and harmless animals such as squirrels, peacocks and sika deer will naturally have no bad results, even if they feed annoying crows and ants, they will not hurt one party immediately. But monkeys are primates, smart and greedy, and feeding will make them push their luck and be lazy; Without management, they will harass and harm human beings.
Why did this sudden man-monkey confrontation happen? Menon, an environmental expert who has studied the monkey threat, thinks so. Due to the continuous expansion of urban area, the mountainous area where monkeys naturally live has shrunk, and a large number of untamed monkeys have drifted from mountainous areas to cities. But the main reason is probably people themselves. In recent years, environmental awareness has often been advocated, which has made many people's understanding of the relationship between people and animals go to the other extreme. They believe that any animal can be fed at any time and any place. Indians do not kill animals, but give preferential treatment to all animals. Indians who have always worshipped monkeys even hold a generous activity of "providing food for animals" on Tuesdays and Thursdays, and mountains of fruits and food attract many monkeys to the city. Not to mention that many people feed monkeys in every park every day. Obviously, people introduced monkeys to cities themselves. Now it's too big to lose, and monkeys start to make trouble in the city.
Experts put forward several methods to control monkey flooding, such as transferring all monkeys to nearby forests, letting relevant academic institutions preach the dangers of feeding monkeys to the public, cleaning up garbage and removing viruses from monkeys, and performing ligation on monkeys. It is said that the Delhi government is unwilling to do so at present, because the World Wildlife Protection Law of 1972 stipulates that it is forbidden to kill any animals except rats and crows. He added that they also made an unusual effort to drive away these disruptive monkeys with long-tailed monkeys. But the result can be imagined. Monkeys run from one place to another.
It should be clear at a glance which is more important, but at least for now, how to deal with the monkey disaster in Delhi is still uncertain, public opinion is divided, and the authorities cannot reach an agreement. The only thing people can tell you is never to take children to the park.