The first set of questions:

Read Deng Tuo's "Not Seeking Deep Explanation" (abridged), and then answer the questions. (***4 questions, totaling 12 points)

Not asking for a deep explanation

① Most people often think that it is not good to not ask for a deep explanation of any problem. Not really. Although we do not need to advocate the attitude of not seeking deeper understanding, there is no sufficient reason to blindly oppose the attitude of not seeking deeper understanding.

②The saying "Don't ask for a deep understanding" was first said by Tao Yuanming. He wrote in the short article "The Biography of Mr. Wu Liu": " ." People often only grasp the first sentence he said and miss the last sentence he said. Therefore, they are very dissatisfied with Tao Yuanming's reading attitude. Satisfied, why bother? The two sentences he said were closely connected and explained each other, and the meaning was very clear. This is the correct attitude for the ancients to study. We should learn from it with an open mind and should not criticize him indiscriminately and unreasonably.

③It should be admitted that it is very important to develop the habit of (1) reading. If you don't read at all or don't like reading, then no matter what you say about asking for a deep understanding or not asking for a deep understanding, it will be meaningless. Because if you don’t read, you won’t understand anything. If you don’t like reading, you won’t be able to understand the principles in the book. You must be good at reading, only then can you have the minimum right to speak. If you really get into the book, and the more you read, the more interested you will become, and you will naturally gradually understand the principles in the book. If you want to fully understand all books at once, especially important classics, no one except the arrogant would dare to be so confident. The key to reading is all about understanding. Regarding this point, Tao Yuanming especially has unique insights. Therefore, whenever he really understood something, he would be so happy that he would even forget to eat.

④ In this way, Tao Yuanming advocated that reading requires understanding, and true understanding is not easy, so we have to (2) say that we do not seek a deep understanding. It can be seen that the meaning of the four words "Don't ask for deep understanding" has two levels: one is to express humility, and the purpose is to advise scholars not to be arrogant and conceited. They think that they can understand a book after reading it. In fact, they may not really understand the true meaning of the book, and they should be honest. It's better to admit that you just don't ask for a better explanation. The second is to explain the method of reading. Don't be stubborn and mince words, but be thorough and understand the general idea. Both meanings are very important and worth our understanding.

⑤ Lenin criticized Plekhanov many times, saying that he thought he was familiar with Marx's works, but in fact he made many misinterpretations of Marx's works. Today we should also have an open-minded attitude towards classic works. We must not assume that we can understand them all. In fact, there are still many things that we do not understand! In order to thoroughly read classic works, understand the truth in them, and use them to guide our work correctly, we must continue to study hard. If you want to study well, you cannot read deadly, but you must read alive. That is to say, you cannot just remember some words of classic works, but you must understand the spiritual essence of classic works.

⑥In this regard, the ancients did have many successful experiences. This is how Zhuge Liang studied. According to Wang Can's "Notes on Heroes", Zhuge Liang, Xu Shu, Shi Guangyuan, Meng Gongwei and others studied together on a study tour. "The three of them were engaged in intensive reading, while Liang alone observed the general outline." It seems that Zhuge Liang is indeed much smarter than Xu Shu and others, because people who observe his schematic tend to have broader knowledge and a more comprehensive understanding of problems.

⑦Of course, this does not mean that reading can be careless or careless. This should never be the case. Appreciating the rough outline also requires serious reading, but you just don't pick out every word or sentence, don't lose the big because of the small, and don't give up the whole for a certain part.

⑧Experience has proved that there are many books that you still don’t understand after reading them once or twice, but you will understand them after reading them three or four times; or there are many things you don’t understand after reading the book at the beginning, and you will suddenly understand it after reading it. Some books could not be understood yesterday, but they will be understood after reading them some days later; some books seemed to have been understood, but in fact they were not understood very much. Only after gaining some practical knowledge did they really understand their meaning. Therefore, important books must be read frequently and repeatedly. Each time you read them, you will find it beneficial to open the book.

1. Please write the pinyin for the two words "好" in paragraphs ③ and ④ respectively. (2 points)

2. Please accurately fill in the relevant sentences in "The Biography of Mr. Wu Liu" on the horizontal line in paragraph ②. (2 points)

3. Paragraph 6 says, "Liang Du only observes its outline." Please briefly talk about your views on "observe its outline". (3 points)

4. The previous reading articles are accompanied by "related links", which link to some materials related to the article. Please also participate and add a "related link" to "Don't Seek Deep Understanding". (Tip: At all times and in all countries, people who can read, things that study diligently... can be used as the content of your "link". The number of words is about 50.) (5 points)

Answer:

1. (2 points) (1) (2)

2. (2 points) A good reader does not ask for a thorough explanation; whenever he understands something, he happily forgets to eat.

3. (3 points) (There is no "standard answer". Reference: People who are schematic often have broader knowledge and understand problems more comprehensively. Observing schematics also requires careful reading, but they don't stick to words. , Don’t lose big because of small things. If you hold a negative opinion and can make a reasonable statement, you will be given points as appropriate.

)

4. (5 points) (There is no "standard answer". The link content is clear and the sentences are smooth.)

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Not seeking a thorough explanation

Paragraph 1, most people often think that it is not good to not seek a thorough explanation of any problem. Not really. Although we do not need to advocate the attitude of not seeking deeper understanding, there is no sufficient reason to blindly oppose the attitude of not seeking deeper understanding.

Paragraph 2, in this way, Tao Yuanming advocates that reading requires understanding, and it is not easy to truly understand, so I have to say that I don’t ask for a deep understanding. It can be seen that the meaning of the four words "Don't ask for deep understanding" has two levels: one is to express humility, and the purpose is to advise scholars not to be arrogant and conceited. They think that they can understand a book after reading it. In fact, they may not really understand the true meaning of the book, and they should be honest. It's better to admit that you just don't ask for a better explanation. The second is to explain the method of reading. Don't be stubborn and mince words, but be thorough and understand the general idea. Both meanings are very important and worth our understanding.

In paragraph 3, Lenin criticized Plekhanov many times, saying that he thought he was familiar with Marx's works, but in fact he made many misinterpretations of Marx's works. Today, we should also have an open-minded attitude towards the classic works of Marxism-Leninism. We must not assume that we can understand them all. In fact, there are still many things that we do not understand! If we want to thoroughly read classic works, understand the truth in them, and use them to guide our work correctly, we must continue to study hard. If you want to study well, you cannot read deadly, but you must read alive. That is to say, you cannot just remember some words of classic works, but you must understand the spiritual essence of classic works.

Paragraph 4, in this regard, the ancients did have many successful experiences. This is how Zhuge Liang studied. According to Wang Can's "Heroes' Notes", Zhuge Liang studied together with Xu Shu, Shi Guangyuan, Meng Gongwei and others. "The three of them focused on mastery, while Liang alone observed the rough outline." It seems that Zhuge Liang is indeed much smarter than Xu Shu and others, because people who observe his schematic tend to have broader knowledge and a more comprehensive understanding of problems.

Paragraph 5, of course, this does not mean that reading can be careless or careless. This should never be the case. Appreciating the rough outline also requires serious reading, but you just don't pick out every word or sentence, don't lose the big because of the small, and don't give up the whole for a certain part.

In paragraph 6, Lu Xiangshan, an acting scholar of the Song Dynasty, said: "Read at a level, let go of the unknown, don't be too slow." This also means not to lose too much for small things. The so-called letting go of the unknown is very similar to the formulation of not asking for a deeper explanation. Letting go is temporary, but you will still understand its meaning in the end.

Paragraph 7, experience has proved that there are many books that you don’t understand after reading them once or twice, but you will understand them after reading them three or four times; or there are many things you don’t understand after reading the beginning of a book, but you will understand it after reading it It suddenly dawned on me; there were some books that I couldn't understand yesterday, but I would understand them after reading them some days later; there were also some books that I seemed to have understood, but in fact I didn't quite understand them. Only after I gained some practical knowledge did I really understand their meaning. Therefore, important books must be read frequently and repeatedly. Each time you read them, you will find it beneficial to open the book.

1. What is the central argument of this article?

2. What does the third paragraph mean by quoting Lenin’s example of criticizing Plekhanov?

3. In the fourth paragraph, Wang Can is quoted as saying, "Three people are committed to mastery, while Liang only observes the roughness." What does "watch the roughness" mean?

4. What argument methods are used in the fourth and sixth paragraphs? What types of arguments are there?

Answer:

1. The central argument of this article is: Although reading does not require a thorough understanding, you must read it carefully to understand the true meaning.

2. It is intended to illustrate that reading cannot be dead reading, but must be read alive, and one must understand the essence.

3. "Look at its outline" means just looking at the general meaning of the text.

4. Give examples to demonstrate, pros and cons