Jiang Zhujun, also known as Jiang Zhujun and Jiang Zhiwei, was born in Zigong, Sichuan on August 20, 1920. When she was 8 years old, her strong-willed mother and her idle father couldn't get along, so she took Jiang Zhujun and her brother to Chongqing to join her brothers. Jiang Zhujun worked as a child laborer in a stocking factory in Chongqing when she was 10 years old. Because she was not tall enough to make the machine, the boss made a special high stool for her. When she was 11 years old, she entered an orphanage run by a church in Chongqing, where she worked and studied at the same time. In the difficult life experience, Jiang Zhuyun was full of hatred for the social system at that time, and at the same time developed a spirit of hard study. She worked very hard in school and had an excellent memory. Later, fellow inmates said that while in prison, she recited and memorized Mao Zedong's "On New Democracy" and Liu Shaoqi's "On the Cultivation of Communist Party Members" for the fellow inmates to learn from.
Jiang Zhujun was admitted to the China Public School in Chongqing in 1939 and secretly joined the Communist Party. In the autumn of 1944, Jiang Zhujun was admitted to the Department of Plant Diseases and Pests, College of Agriculture, Sichuan University, and transferred to the Department of Agronomy the following year. In 1946, she returned to Chongqing after graduation and participated in and led the student movement. In the spring of 1947, the Chongqing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China founded the Advance Newspaper. Jiang Zhujun was specifically responsible for proofreading, sorting, transmitting telegrams, and distribution. In just a few months, more than 1,600 copies of the newspaper were issued, which aroused great concern from the enemy. panic.
In April 1948, the publishing agency of "Advance Daily" was penetrated by spies pretending to be progressive, and the Chongqing Municipal Party Committee was destroyed by following the clues. In June, Jiang Zhuyun was arrested. On the way to the dock in Chongqing, she happened to meet Tu Xiaowen, the former secretary of the East Sichuan Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China who had become a traitor. She immediately and tactfully scolded the traitor, so that the traitor could no longer pretend to harm others. After Jiang Zhujun was sent to the "Zhazidong" prison of the "China-US Special Technology Cooperation Institute" in Chongqing, he was brutally tortured by having bamboo sticks nailed on his fingers and other poisonous torture. However, he remained unyielding and led his fellow prisoners in a resolute struggle against the enemy. On November 14, 1949, Jiang Zhujun was secretly shot and killed by secret agents, and then his body was destroyed with sodium chloride. He was 29 years old at the time.
■She most admired the Soviet heroine "Danniang"; her fellow inmates in prison called her "China's Danniang"
In the hearts of hundreds of millions of Chinese, Sister Jiang He is a representative of the strong revolutionary will. One of her famous sayings has touched the hearts of countless people - "Torture can do nothing. Bamboo sticks are made of bamboo, but the will of Communist Party members is steel."
This Jiang Zhujun The seemingly weak women showed such strong performance because of their extreme hatred for the old society and the Kuomintang reactionaries they represented, and also because of their infinite yearning for the new China led by the Communist Party. When the five-star red flag of New China was raised in Tiananmen Square, although she and the fellow inmates in Zhazi Cave did not know the pattern of the flag, they discussed with longing to embroider this flag representing liberation - even though they knew they had seen Until the day of victory.
While at Sichuan University, Jiang Zhujun learned Russian and read books and newspapers from the Soviet Union. When she returned to Chongqing in the summer of 1944, she attended the reception of the China-Soviet Friendship Association, where the Soviet story film "Danniang" was screened. The heroic and unyielding Zoya became a role model in Jiang Zhujun's mind. After she was tortured in prison, fellow prisoners called her "China's Dan Niang." The revolution of that year needed this spirit of the times, and future generations can also learn from Jiang Zhujun when they strive for their ideals.
■The fake couple who fought side by side for two years finally became a real partner. Her only beloved son was fostered in someone else's home; for the sake of revolutionary work, she underwent sterilization
■Jiang Zhujun suddenly saw her husband's head when passing the city gate, and was heartbroken for a moment. To prevent the enemies nearby from discovering it, You must also appear calm and composed
Jiang Zhujun embodies the fusion of revolutionary heroism and revolutionary romanticism. She was a strong warrior, a good wife and a good mother, and finally gave up everything she could not bear to leave for the sake of the revolutionary cause.
In April 1943, the party organization sent 23-year-old Jiang Zhujun to work with Peng Yongwu, one of the leaders of the Chongqing Municipal Party Committee of the underground party, as a fake couple. His main task was to be responsible for communications. The two of them only have the name of husband and wife, but in fact they are still the relationship between the leader and the led, superior and subordinate. At work, Lao Peng was very concerned about Jiang Zhuyun's safety. In order to avoid being followed by Chongqing spies, Lao Peng asked her to apply for Sichuan University in Chengdu the next year - known as the bastion of democracy and relatively safe.
Jiang Zhujun only attended high school for one year, but she promised Lao Peng: "I am willing to work hard to complete the tasks assigned by the party!" After three months of review, she was finally admitted to Sichuan University. Lao Peng often used her husband's In the name of visiting and arranging work.
In 1945, with the approval of the organization, Peng Yongwu and Jiang Zhuyun, who had fought side by side for two years, got married. A year later, his son Peng Yun was born. The couple placed the child in foster care with someone else. In order to fight lightly in the underground struggle, Jiang Zhujun resolutely underwent sterilization. In the autumn of 1947, Peng Yongwu and Jiang Zhujun went to eastern Sichuan to fight guerrillas under the instructions of the Southern Bureau of the Communist Party of China. On the eve of the Spring Festival of the following year, Peng Yongwu died heroically in the battle, and his head was cut off by the enemy and hung on the city gate for public display. When Jiang Zhuyun passed by the city gate, he suddenly saw this scene. His heart was as sharp as a knife. He had to show calmness in order to prevent the enemies nearby from discovering him. After that, she continued to fight in Wanxian County, the gateway to eastern Sichuan.
After Jiang Zhujun was arrested, he still missed his son all the time. In the early autumn of 1949, she took advantage of the opportunity of a fellow prisoner to be released from prison. She dipped a bamboo skewer in "ink" mixed with cotton ash and water, and wrote a letter to her brother Jiang Zhuan, who was also a member of the Communist Party: "If If you are unfortunate, Yuner (referring to Peng Yun) will be given to you, hoping to follow in the footsteps of his parents, with the ambition of building a new China, and fight to the end for the cause of the communist revolution. ”
■When Mao Zedong saw the scene where Sister Jiang died, he said emotionally: "Why don't you bring Sister Jiang to life? Why don't our People's Liberation Army rescue her?"
Dozens In recent years, "Sister Jiang" has become much more famous than the martyr's real name, Jiang Zhujun. The style of clothing she wears in a woolen vest over a cheongsam has also been called "Sister Jiang's style". Although this is due to the image creation of the artistic works, more importantly, it is also due to the touching deeds of the martyrs themselves.
When Chongqing was just liberated, Luo Guangbin published "The Biography of Martyr Jiang Zhujun" in a pamphlet. Luo Guangbin was introduced to the party by Jiang Zhujun and worked under her leadership. After he was imprisoned in the "Zhazidong" prison, Sister Jiang informed her fellow prisoners that "this man is reliable." When commemorating the 30th anniversary of the founding of the Party in 1951, Chongqing's "Popular Literature and Art" published a call for essays on "Holy Blood Flowers" written by Yang Yiyan, which was also based on the martyr Jiang Zhujun. In 1959, China Youth Publishing House published and distributed 280,000 copies of "Eternal Life in the Fire". After that, Luo Guangbin and Yang Yiyan wrote the novel "Red Rock" with three years of hard work. This book has sold more than 8 million copies in China alone, and it can be said that it has influenced a generation.
The deeds of the martyrs have not only been used as material for novels, but have also been put on stage, screen and screen. Many famous performing artists are proud to play Sister Jiang. For example, the opera "Sister Jiang" was rehearsed and performed for the first time in 1964 by the Art Troupe of the Political Department of the People's Liberation Army Air Force. It quickly caused a sensation across the country after its performance. In the ups and downs of 35 years, she has been revived four times by three generations of actors and performed more than 460 times. It is praised as a landmark work in the history of Chinese opera. The arias such as "Embroidering the Red Flag" and "Ode to Red Plum Blossoms" are very popular and are widely sung.
The older generation of revolutionaries were also deeply impressed by Sister Jiang's heroic deeds. According to Yang Yiyan, one of the authors of "Red Rock", when Mao Zedong watched the opera "Sister Jiang" performed by the Kongzheng Art Troupe, he couldn't help being moved when he saw the scene of heroic sacrifice. He expressed emotion and regret to The staff around me said: "Why don't you bring Sister Jiang to life? Why don't our People's Liberation Army rescue her?"