1. Psychological Tips
Daily Psychology
1. Don’t make any decisions while crying. The less you say when you are emotionally negative, the better. .
2. Don’t think about the same problem over and over again, and don’t put all your feelings on one person. You still have your parents and other friends.
3. Don’t be afraid of doing something wrong. Even if you make a mistake, don’t be upset. Life is all about right and wrong. What’s more, there are many things that, looking back, right or wrong no longer matter.
4. It is normal to have negative emotions, but you must know that this is only a small part of life. During the rest of the time, try to keep your emotions as stable as possible.
5. It’s normal for that person to suddenly stop contacting you; it’s also normal for that person to suddenly contact you again, and it doesn’t mean anything.
6. If you don’t understand, just say it. If you understand, don’t say it, just smile.
7. All troubles are caused by yourself, so you can only solve them by yourself. Don't cry to your friends, go play ball with them.
8. You must do what you say, even if it is stupid, no matter how stupid it is, it is better than breaking the promise.
9. No matter what changes occur, do not break the original rules of life, eat on time and sleep on time.
10. Don’t be afraid of doing something, don’t be afraid of getting hurt, don’t be afraid of saying the wrong thing, don’t be afraid of thinking about the past, don’t be afraid of facing the future.
11. Whether it is right or wrong, you need a criterion. Your behavior should follow this criterion and be constantly modified according to real life. It is impossible to like people who are repeatedly indecisive. People who wander between right and wrong have a less positive image than those who go from wrong to right.
12. When he says "Let's calm down for a while?", say yes calmly and then hang up the phone. Don't beg, he's not here to ask for your opinion. 13. Don’t take out all the words in your heart, these are the wealth that only belongs to you.
14. Don’t talk to someone in the same circle as him, no matter how reliable you think he is.
15. When you don’t know what to say to him, then don’t say anything. Silence has infinite meanings.
16. Don’t pursue any result. The result is the same for everyone, which is death.
17. Don’t regret, no matter what, the emotion of regret is more terrifying than the wrong thing you have done, because it will destroy your self-confidence, self-esteem and very likely make you do something Something even more wrong.
If that’s not enough, I have some more.
2. Collection of common sense knowledge in psychology
Little common sense in psychology 1. Birdcage logic Hang a beautiful birdcage in the most conspicuous place in the room. In a few days, the owner will You will definitely make one of two choices: throw away the birdcage, or buy a bird and put it in the birdcage.
This is birdcage logic. The process is very simple. Imagine that you are the owner of this room. As long as someone walks into the room and sees the birdcage, they will not be able to help but ask you: "Where is the bird? Is it dead?" When you answer: "I never have Raised birds. ”
People ask, “Well, what do you want a birdcage for?” You end up having to choose between two options because it’s easier than endless explanations. . The reason for birdcage logic is simple: most of the time, people adopt inertial thinking.
So it can be seen how important it is to cultivate logical thinking in life and work. 2. Broken window effect There is a phenomenon in psychological research called the "broken window effect". That is to say, if a window in a house is broken and no one repairs it, other windows will be broken inexplicably soon after. If there is some graffiti on the wall that is not cleaned off, the wall will soon be covered with messy and unsightly things.
In a very clean place, people will be embarrassed to throw away garbage, but once there is garbage on the ground, people will throw it away without hesitation and without any shame. This is a really strange phenomenon.
Psychologists study this "tipping point". How dirty does the ground have to be before people will feel that it is so dirty anyway? Give up on yourself and let it rot to the end.
If any bad thing is not stopped at the beginning and becomes a trend, it cannot be changed. It is like a river embankment. If a small gap is not repaired in time, the dam can collapse and cause millions of times the damage.
Crime is actually the result of disorder. In New York City in the 1980s, there was robbery everywhere and killing every day. Even walking on the road in broad daylight would make you scared. Not to mention the subway. The carriages are dirty and dirty, and obscene sentences are scrawled everywhere. Everyone feels in danger while sitting in the subway.
Although I have not been robbed, a professor was given a sap in broad daylight and lost his eyesight. This ended his research career and made me change my mind over the years. Dare to go to New York alone for a meeting. Recently, New York's city appearance and reputation have improved a lot. I'm quite surprised that a city that has been sinking can actually come back from the dead and move up.
Therefore, when I went out for a meeting and met a criminologist, I immediately asked him for advice. It turned out that New York City used the broken windows effect theory discussed in books in the past to first improve the crime environment. , so that people are less likely to commit crimes, and then slowly arrest the murderers and thieves, and return to order. Although this approach was scolded at the time as being slow and unhelpful, as "the ship is about to sink and the decks are still being washed", New York City still started by keeping the subway cars clean and handcuffed people who didn't buy tickets to ride in vain. A group of people stood on the platform and publicly declared to the people the Communist Party's determination to rectify the situation. It turned out to be very effective.
The police found that people are less likely to commit crimes in clean places, and also found that catching fare evaders is very rewarding, because one in every seven fare evaders is a wanted criminal, and one in twenty Carry weapons, so the police are willing to take fare evaders seriously, which makes gangsters dare not evade fares, and dare not bring weapons when going out, so as not to lose more than they gain. In this way, New York City starts from the smallest and easiest place to break the criminal chain so that this vicious cycle cannot continue.
3. Responsibility diffusion effect At 3:20 on the night of March 13, 1964, in front of an apartment in the suburbs of New York, the United States, a young woman named Juno Bibai came home from working in a bar. Assassinated on the road. When she shouted desperately: "Someone is going to kill someone! Help! Help!" Hearing the shouting, nearby residents turned on their lights and opened their windows, and the murderer ran away in fear.
When everything returned to calm, the murderer returned to commit crimes. When she screamed again, nearby residents turned on the lights again, and the murderer ran away again.
When she thought nothing had happened and returned to her home and went upstairs, the murderer appeared in front of her again and killed her on the stairs. During this process, although she shouted for help and at least 38 of her neighbors came to the window to watch, no one came to save her or even called the police.
This incident caused a sensation in New York society, and also attracted the attention and thinking of social psychologists. This phenomenon of so many bystanders doing nothing to save people is called the diffusion of responsibility effect.
Psychologists have conducted a large number of experiments and investigations on the causes of the diffusion of responsibility effect, and found that this phenomenon cannot just be said to be a manifestation of people's callousness or increasing moral decay. Because on different occasions, people's aid behavior is indeed different.
When a person encounters an emergency situation, if he is the only one who can provide help, he will be clearly aware of his responsibility and help the victim. If he refuses to save his life, he will feel guilty and guilty, which will require a high psychological price.
And if there are many people present, the responsibility of helping the seeker will be shared by everyone, causing the responsibility to be dispersed. Each person will share very little responsibility, and the bystander may not even take his own share of the responsibility. They are also unaware of it, which creates a mentality of "I won't save it, others will save it", resulting in a situation of "collective apathy". How to break this situation is an important topic that psychologists are studying.
4. Parkinson's Law The famous British historian Northgood Parkinson wrote a book called "Parkinson's Law" through long-term investigation and research. In his book, he elaborated on the causes and consequences of agency staff expansion: An incompetent official may have three ways out. The first is to apply for resignation and give up his seat to a capable person; the second is to ask a capable person to assist Work by yourself; the third is to appoint two people with a lower level than yourself as assistants.
This first road must never be taken, because it will lose many rights; the second road cannot be taken, because the capable person will become his opponent; it seems that there is only the third The most suitable road. So, two mediocre assistants shared his work, and he himself gave orders from above, and they did not pose a threat to his rights.
Since the two assistants were incompetent, they followed suit and found two more incompetent assistants for themselves. By analogy, this results in a bloated organization with overstaffed and overstaffed staff.
3. Mental health knowledge
As the name suggests, psychology is the science that studies psychological phenomena, also known as "psychological science". Psychological phenomena are the research objects of psychology. The study of psychological phenomena in psychology is to reveal the objective laws of the occurrence and development of psychological phenomena to guide people's practical activities.
People have psychology, and animals also have psychology, so psychology is the study of both human psychology and animal psychology. What people usually call psychology refers to the science that studies the occurrence and development of human psychology.
Psychology is the abbreviation of psychological phenomena and psychological activities. People can experience certain psychology at any time when they are awake, and people are no stranger to it. For example, the following is a fragment of life:
Xiao Zhang woke up early in the morning, saw light shining into the house, and heard the birds chirping in the trees outside the window. She opened the window and a breeze blew in, making her feel extremely cool. She took a few breaths of fresh air and seemed to smell the fragrance of flowers. She guessed that the fragrance was coming from a garden not far away. She also remembered that there were many flowers in the garden, and they might have bloomed now. She was very happy to have a rest today, so she thought about how pleasant it would be to go to the garden to play today! She likes flowers very much and has not been to the garden for many days. She should go there. Suddenly she remembered that the newspaper's manuscript had not been finished yet and it should be submitted today. She must be patient and insist on finishing it. Thinking of this, she quickly tidied up and started writing the manuscript after breakfast... In this small fragment of life, there was a series of psychological activities. The "seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling" here are the "feelings" and "perceptions" in psychology; the "remembering, remembering" here are the "memory" in psychology; "guessing, calculating" As for the question of "thinking"; "happy, comfortable, and fond" belong to "emotion"; "patience and persistence" belong to "will". These psychological activities or psychological phenomena are familiar to people.
Human psychological phenomena are diverse, from two aspects: individual psychology and group psychology.
⑴Individual psychology. Individual psychology refers to the psychology of individual subjects, that is, specific individuals. Xiao Zhang's psychological activities in the above-mentioned life fragments belong to individual psychology. Individual psychology is generally divided into two categories: psychological processes and personality. Former Soviet psychologist Elevitov (1890-1972) believed that there is a transitional state between psychological processes and personality, that is, psychological state. In this way, the structure of human psychological phenomena (the system of interrelationships between human psychological phenomena) has three categories: psychological process, psychological state, and personality.
Psychological process refers to the process of occurrence and development of human psychological activities. Specifically, it is the process in which objective things act on people (mainly the human brain) and the brain reflects objective reality within a certain period of time. It includes the cognitive process (referred to as "knowledge"), the emotional and emotional process (referred to as "qing"), and the volitional process (referred to as "meaning"). The three together are referred to as "knowledge-emotion-intention".
Mental state is a psychological phenomenon that is both temporary and stable between psychological process and personality psychology. It is a manifestation of the unity of psychological process and personality psychology.
Personality psychology is a type of psychological phenomenon that shows people’s individual differences.
Psychology, as people often say, is a science that studies the above-mentioned laws of individual psychological occurrence and development.
⑵Group psychology. Group psychology is divided into small group psychology and mass psychology. At the same time, as people in society, they must have certain relationships with each other and engage in social interactions, thus creating a psychology of communication. Communication psychology exists not only between individuals and others, but also between groups, so it is included in group psychology. In this way, group psychology includes three major types, namely communication psychology, small group psychology, and mass psychology.
Group psychology is mainly the research object of social psychology, an important branch of psychology. Other branches of psychology (such as management psychology) also study group psychology.
In addition to the above-mentioned individual psychology and group psychology, what psychology studies is also many other specific contents.
The exploration and research of human psychology has begun since the history of human civilization. There are rich psychological thoughts in many works of ancient Chinese philosophy, medicine, education and literary theory. But psychology became an independent science only in the 19th century. Today, psychology is a huge subject system with more than 100 branches, such as general psychology, social psychology, educational psychology, legal psychology, management psychology, business psychology, economic psychology, and consumer psychology. , counseling psychology... are all members of the huge subject system of psychology, and with the development of human social practice activities, the branches of psychology will continue to increase.
4. Love life, be kind to life psychological knowledge (50 words)
To love life, you must learn to be kind to yourself, learn to let yourself go, and let yourself be closer to nature. There are many things in life Interesting things, there are many beautiful things in life, we can try to do the things we like. Play football, surf the Internet, go on an outing with friends, swim in the sea, fish in the creek, watch Watch comedy movies, climb your favorite mountains, see waterfalls, listen to the sound of waves... there are so many things waiting for us to do, so much happiness that requires our participation. We run, we jump, we laugh, We sing, this beauty is all because of life. Cherish life and make your life valuable. Enrich yourself and improve yourself. For the enrichment of life and the perfection of life, you have no reason not to work hard and make life Be wonderful because of struggle. Cherish life, but also learn to treat life with a normal heart, adjust your mentality in a timely manner, and face everything in life calmly. Believe that there are no obstacles in life that cannot be overcome.
5. Use psychological knowledge to analyze the phenomenon of wolf children. Please use psychological knowledge to analyze wolves.
The development of personality is determined by genetic and environmental factors*** Same decision. Some psychologists believe that the language mechanism is innate, but it must be exposed to the language environment in time, and the younger the better. This explains why it is now advocated to learn English from an early age. Wolf children are exposed to wolves from an early age. In , the language mechanism has not been developed and the intelligence level is low. The living environment and education received since childhood have a great impact on a person's life development, which is why the wolf child cannot adapt to human life and eventually dies. The phenomenon shows the importance of environment. Generally speaking, in addition to genetics, if a child before the age of three is well affected in all aspects, unless there are major changes, his personality will develop normally in this life. The above is a simple stupidity See..
6. Mental health information
Teenagers’ mental health refers to the good development of teenagers morally, intellectually and physically, and their ability to establish relationships with others in the process of study and social activities. Have good relationships, be able to understand others, distinguish right from wrong, and be able to overcome difficulties when encountering difficulties.
At present, there are no uniformly recognized standards for adolescent mental health. Based on the views of most psychologists and medical scientists, adolescent mental health should at least have the following standards:
1. Physical health and normal intelligence. Physical health and normal intelligence are one of the most important criteria for measuring mental health and are the basic conditions for normal life and work.
2. Complete personality and good consciousness. Mentally healthy teenagers are honest, consistent in words and deeds, consistent in appearance and appearance, love life, have a wide range of interests, have good self-awareness, self-esteem, self-love, respect for others, and are good at adjusting their words and deeds so that their character and emotions can conform to their age characteristics.
3. Willing to communicate and good at making friends. Have good interpersonal relationships, be good at making close friends, be able to communicate spiritually with friends, get along well with friends, be able to treat conflicts and disagreements correctly and handle them appropriately, and have the desire and behavior to be helpful.
4. Emotionally stable, optimistic and cheerful. Emotion is a thermometer of mental health; optimism can make people feel cheerful. By maintaining a relatively optimistic and stable mood, you can be positive, modest and prudent in good times, be tenacious and able to overcome difficulties in adversity.
5. Pursue something and be proactive.
Be able to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, have ideals, beliefs and pursuits, dare to face reality and take responsibility.
For some problems that arise among teenagers, we usually analyze more politically, ideologically, and morally, but less psychologically, and use simple, dull, rigid, and cookie-cutter ideological and political work. Replacing everything else and blindly pursuing the enrollment rate, the psychological quality of young people, including competitiveness, emotions, emotions, character, self-awareness, personality tendencies, social interaction and adaptability, etc., are often in a dangerous state of spontaneous formation and blind development. .
Give full play to the role of family education. Parents should maintain a good attitude, improve their self-cultivation, establish a sustainable development concept of family education, cultivate children's various interests and hobbies, fundamentally avoid external, forced, and excessive education, and provide emotional support to their children
7. Psychological common sense
Psychological quotes 1. Never try to cover up the flaws in your knowledge, even if you use the boldest speculations and assumptions to cover up, this is a serious mistake.
No matter how dazzling the color of this soap bubble is to you, the soap bubble is bound to burst, and you will gain nothing except shame. ——Pavlov 2. We must become children before we can be worthy of being children’s teachers.
——Tao Xingzhi 3. If you don’t treat him as a human being when you are young, you will not be able to be a human being when you grow up. ——Lu Xun 4. Nature wants children to be like children before they become adults.
——Rousseau 5. Young people who cross adulthood and enter old age are just like old people trying to pretend to be young, which is annoying. Everything will appear beautiful and elegant only when it is harmonious and proportionate to itself.
Everything has its own order. Reluctant, prematurely mature children are mentally deformed.
—— Belinsky 6. Nature does not need early-ripening fruits, because they are raw and not sweet. Human beings need children who grow up gradually, children who look like children with a childish heart. Those children will grow long-lasting, healthy and mellow.
——Writer Qin Wenjun 7. Only those who understand the hearts of children and never forget that they were children can be a good teacher. 8. Please never forget at any time that what you are facing is the extremely fragile soul of children who are extremely vulnerable to harm. Learning in school is not a simple transfer of knowledge without enthusiasm, but a dialogue between teachers and students every moment. Spiritual contact in progress.
9. Every child comes to school with the desire to study hard. This desire is like a dazzling spark, illuminating the emotional world of children's concerns and worries. 10. When affecting students' inner world, they should not dampen the most sensitive corner of their souls - human self-esteem.
11. Teacher’s personality is everything in educational work. 12. Of course, many things depend on the general rules of the school, but the most important thing always depends on the personality of the teacher who is face to face with the students. The educational power formed by the influence of the teacher's personality on young minds relies on textbooks and moral preaching. , which cannot be replaced by reward and punishment systems.
——Ushensky (Russia) 13. Whoever loves children, children will love him. Only those who love children can educate children. ——Dzerzhinsky (former Soviet Union) 14. All education is personality education.
——Makarenko (former Soviet Union) 15. Being good at tolerance is an emotional issue for teachers to cultivate. The understanding, trust, and equality contained in tolerance show that educators have accumulated sufficient understanding of themselves and their education subjects. The confidence is also permeated with a kind of sincerity and love for career and children. 16. To learn knowledge, you must be good at thinking, thinking, and thinking again. This is how I became a scientist.
——Einstein 17. We must protect the hearts of children as carefully as we treat the dewdrops on the lotus leaf. ——Suhomlinsky 18. There is nothing in the world that is more delicate, more agile, and more sensitive to various subtle changes in human psychology than children's eyes.
—— Kalinin.
8. Mental health information
Teenagers’ mental health refers to the good development of teenagers morally, intellectually and physically, and their ability to establish relationships with others in the process of study and social activities. Have good relationships, be able to understand others, distinguish right from wrong, and be able to overcome difficulties when encountering difficulties.
At present, there are no uniformly recognized standards for adolescent mental health. Based on the views of most psychologists and medical scientists, adolescent mental health should at least have the following standards: 1. Physical health and normal intelligence.
Physical health and normal intelligence are one of the most important criteria for measuring mental health and are the basic conditions for normal life and work. 2. Complete personality and good consciousness.
Mentally healthy teenagers are honest, consistent in words and deeds, consistent in appearance and appearance, love life, have a wide range of interests, have good self-awareness, self-esteem, self-love, respect for others, and are good at regulating their words and deeds to improve their character and emotions. All suitable for their age characteristics. 3. Willing to communicate and good at making friends.
Have good interpersonal relationships, be good at making close friends, be able to communicate spiritually with friends, get along well with friends, be able to treat conflicts and differences correctly and handle them appropriately, and have the desire and behavior to be helpful to others. 4. Emotionally stable, optimistic and cheerful.
Emotion is a thermometer of mental health; optimism can make people feel cheerful. By maintaining a relatively optimistic and stable mood, you can be positive, modest and prudent in good times, be tenacious and able to overcome difficulties in adversity.
5. Pursue something and be proactive. Be able to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, have ideals, beliefs and pursuits, dare to face reality and take responsibility.
For some problems that arise among teenagers, we usually analyze more politically, ideologically, and morally, but less psychologically, and use simple, dull, rigid, and cookie-cutter ideological and political work. Replacing everything else and blindly pursuing the admission rate, the psychological quality of young people, including competitiveness, emotions, emotions, character, self-awareness, personality tendencies, social interaction and adaptability, etc., are often in a dangerous state of spontaneous formation and blind development. . Give full play to the role of family education.
Parents should maintain a good attitude, improve their self-cultivation, establish a sustainable development concept of family education, cultivate children's various interests and hobbies, fundamentally avoid external, forced, and excessive education, and Provide emotional support to your child.
9. Psychological knowledge for college students
(1) Establish a correct outlook on life, always maintain an open mind, improve the ability to tolerate psychological conflicts and setbacks, love life and love learning .
(2) Fully understand yourself, value yourself correctly, be self-aware, and do not feel inferior or conceited.
(3) Actively make friends, be tolerant to others, be good at exchanging thoughts and feelings with others, help and learn from each other.
(4) Actively cultivate your own various interests and hobbies, such as music, chess, calligraphy and painting, participate in useful entertainment activities, and actively participate in various sports activities.
(5) Read more excellent literary and artistic works, such as "How Steel Was Tempered", "Red Rock", etc., to cultivate your sentiments and establish lofty ideals.
(6) Learn to think, love to use your brain, learn to comprehensively analyze complex problems, and be mentally prepared to suffer setbacks.
(7) We must actively participate in labor, learn lessons from labor, and accept hard training. Learn to overcome six kinds of social psychological obstacles 1. Inferiority mentality: People with inferiority complex only know their shortcomings and do not know their strengths. They are content with everyone, lack self-confidence, and are unable to give full play to their own advantages and strengths. They are accustomed to being submissive in their interactions, and rarely express their feelings directly and boldly put forward their opinions. If this mentality is not overcome, over time it will gradually wear away a person's courage, courage and characteristics. 2. Suspicion: People with this mentality like to look at others and external things with distrust. For example, if you see other comrades talking in private, you will think they are speaking ill of you; if a few yuan is deducted from your bonus, you will think that someone is causing trouble... People who are addicted to suspicion will make troubles and create problems. gap. 3. Cowardice: People who are inexperienced, introverted, and not good at speaking are prone to this kind of mentality. In the sparkling debates, they dare not express their well-thought-out insights due to cowardice; in study, work and life, due to cowardice, bold plans and ideas that have been brewing for a long time cannot be realized. Cowardice is a rope that restrains people's thoughts and behaviors. , should be decisively discarded. 4. Exclusion psychology: Human beings’ existing knowledge, experience, and ways of thinking need to be constantly updated and created, otherwise they will lose their vitality and even produce side effects.
Exclusionary psychology just ignores this point, and manifests itself in clinging to limitations and not extending the tentacles of knowledge and broadening the field of thinking. It can only encourage people to go in circles in a small self-enclosed space. 5. Rebellious psychology: Thinking differently does not mean being unconventional and being the opposite. Some people fail to realize this, so this phenomenon occurs: if you say that a certain wrong view is untenable, they will go to great lengths to defend it; if you point east, they will go west. This kind of rebellious psychology tends to blur the strict boundaries between right and wrong, and its negative effects are obvious. 6. Indifferent psychology: Some people think that sharp words, aloof attitude, and cold expression are "personality", so advocating indifference has become fashionable. In fact, this is a kind of pathology, which will make young people's self-admiring, lively and romantic nature shrink, leading them to the dead end of oligarchy. Therefore, it is also a psychological phenomenon that should be resolutely overcome.