Metaphysics is a world outlook and methodology opposite to dialectics. It is characterized by an isolated, one-sided and static view of the world, and regards everything in the world as isolated and unchanging forever; If there is any change, it is only the increase or decrease of quantity and the change of position, and the reason for this increase or decrease and change is not inside the thing but outside it, that is, due to the promotion of external forces.

Metaphysics, as a philosophical term, has two meanings: (1) starts from Hegel and is synonymous with anti-dialectics, but what really reveals its essence is Marxist philosophy. (2) refers to the philosophy of studying what the senses can't reach, that is, what is beyond experience. This usage appeared in philosophical works before Marxism and is still popular among western philosophers.

Modern idealists (such as Mahism) often use the word "metaphysics" to attack materialism, saying that the materialist view of matter is a super-feeling and super-experience fiction. In the history of philosophy, due to different historical conditions, metaphysics is sometimes combined with materialism and sometimes with idealism. But in essence, metaphysics is closely related to idealism.

Metaphysics is one of the key words of western philosophy, which mainly refers to the core department that dominated western philosophy from ancient Greek philosophy to Hegelian philosophy around 2500 (metaphysics is regarded as the opposite method of dialectics, not the main usage, and can be ignored).

But this concept has an interesting formation process.

Metaphysics was originally a philosophical work of Aristotle, but the name of this work was not given by Aristotle. It turned out that Aristotle talked about "the first philosophy". After Aristotle "escaped" from Athens, the manuscript disappeared. /kloc-was found in a cellar more than 0/00 years later and finally fell into the hands of a librarian in the Roman library. He is Androni Coos, known as the 11th Chairman of Aristotle School-Lv Keang School, but there was no Lv Keang at that time, but he was indeed a disciple of Aristotle School. So he began to edit the complete works of Aristotle. After editing phusike, I began to edit the manuscript of Aristotle's First Philosophy, but I couldn't find a suitable title, so I called it "ta meta ta phusika", which is the "Volume after Physics". Later, people called it metaphysics for short. Interestingly, in Greek, meta not only means "after", but also means "yuan" and "beyond", which is just in line with the meaning of the first philosophy. Therefore, metaphysics is not "after physics" but "before physics".

It is said that Yan Fu translated metaphysics into metaphysics according to the Book of Changes. "Metaphysicists call it Tao, while metaphysicians call it utensil".

Physics actually means naturalism in Greek, nature-phusis, naturalism-phusike. In Aristotle's view, metaphysics should be "the foundation of natural science". For example, his famous saying: "There is a science that specializes in the existence as existence, that is, existence itself", that is to say, general science studies some attributes and aspects of existence, and they will not study the basic premise of these attributes and aspects, that is, "existence itself", so there should be a science that specializes in the existence itself. If the attributes and aspects of existence are based on existence, then the first philosophy (metaphysics) that studies existence itself is the basis and premise of all sciences. This is the origin of "philosophy = scientific science".