1. This poem, like the poem previously selected "Red Cliff", discusses the success or failure of the war and puts forward its own hypothetical speculation about the war that has ended in history. The first sentence is that winning or losing is a common occurrence in military strategists. The second sentence criticized Xiang Yu for not being broad-minded enough and lacking general bearing. Three or four sentences imagine that if Xiang Yu returns to Jiangdong and regroups, maybe he can make a comeback. This sentence has a pity for Xiang Yu's anger, but the main meaning is to criticize him for not being good at grasping opportunities, not being good at listening to other people's suggestions, and not being good at getting people and employing people. Sima Qian once criticized Xiang Yu's obstinacy of "Heaven kills me, not the crime of war" with the eyes of historians. Du Mu, on the other hand, talks about success or failure from the perspective of a military strategist. Both of them pay attention to personnel, but Sima Qian summed up the lessons he had learned and emphasized the reasons for his failure. Du Mu is an imaginary opportunity, emphasizing that military strategists must have foresight and indomitable will.

Translation

The victory or defeat of a war is hard to predict.

A real gentleman is one who can stand the test of humiliation such as failure and frustration.

There are many talented children in Jiangdong.

If you return to Jiangdong that year and rally again, you may make a comeback one day.

2. Rhyme translation:

Jingkou to Guazhou is only separated by a river, and Nanjing is only separated by several mountains.

The spring breeze has turned the south bank of the Yangtze River green again. When will the bright moon shine on me and return to my hometown?

Appreciation: The poem points out the poet's foothold with the theme of "Boating in Guazhou". The first sentence, "Jingkou Guazhou is a water room", describes the scenery in sight. The poet stood at Guazhou Ferry and looked south. He saw that Jingkou and Guazhou on the south shore were so close, separated by a river. From this, the poet thinks that Zhongshan, where his home is located, is only a few mountains away, and it is not far away. The second sentence "Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains" implies the mood of the poet anxious to return. The third sentence is a famous sentence through the ages, which depicts the scenery again, points out that the season is spring, and depicts the scenery on the south bank of the Yangtze River. The word "green" means blowing green, and it is used in a wonderful way. Legend has it that Wang Anshi changed the word more than ten times to make good use of it, and finally chose the word "green" from more than ten verbs such as "to", "to", "to" and "to". Because other words only express the arrival of spring breeze, but they do not show the changes of a new green landscape on the banks of a thousand miles of rivers after the arrival of spring. At the end of the sentence "When will the bright moon shine on me?", the poet has been looking forward to it for a long time, but he doesn't realize that at the beginning of the bright moon, the poet imagines a picture of "the bright moon shines on me" with interrogative sentences, further expressing the poet's feelings of missing his home.

-----------. Literally, this poem shows nostalgia for my hometown, and I have a great desire to fly across the river to go home and reunite with my relatives. In fact, there is also a strong desire between the lines to return to the political arena and implement the New Deal. Through the description of the scenery in spring, this poem shows the poet's helplessness in coming out as an official and his desire to return to Jiangning urgently. The first two sentences describe the trip to the north. The poet went to Beijing, but he just looked back at Jiangning, showing his complex psychology of not wanting to go to work. In the last two sentences, I write my mind with the scenery, which not only brings me comfort from the reform, but also has the idea of retiring as soon as possible. When the poet looks back at the south of the Yangtze River, the land is green, which is of course green in the spring breeze, but isn't the lush rice seedlings the actual effect of the reform measures such as the Young Seedling Law? However, the officialdom is full of dangers. The poet looked at it according to the Guazhou Ferry and the bright moon in Zhongshan, and sighed, "When will the bright moon shine on me?" The poet wanted to leave the officialdom of right and wrong early, which reflected the author's hope to return to his hometown without interest disputes, which was very lingering. This poem is not only lyrical by scenery, but also full of emotion, open realm and fresh style. The most fascinating thing is the tempering of rhetoric.