Born in1March, 879 14.
Ulm Germany
Death 1955 April 18
Princeton USA
Albert Einstein? ,1March 87914-1April 955 18), a famous theoretical physicist and the founder of the theory of relativity.
Einstein's life
Einstein is the greatest physicist of our time. He loved physics and devoted his life to the theoretical research of physics. People call him Copernicus in the 20th century and Newton in the 20th century.
Einstein grew up in an era of rapid changes in physics. With the efforts of a generation of physicists represented by him, the development of physics has entered a new historical period. The theoretical system of classical physics established by Galileo and Newton has experienced nearly 200 years of development. By the middle of19th century, brilliant achievements have been made due to the discovery of the law of conservation and transformation of energy, the establishment of thermodynamics and statistical physics, especially the discovery of electromagnetism by Faraday and Maxwell. These achievements convinced many physicists at that time that the theoretical problems in the field of physics had been solved in principle, leaving only details for future generations to supplement and develop. However, the course of history is just the opposite, followed by a series of new phenomena that can not be explained by classical physics: ether drift experiment, radioactivity of elements, electron movement, blackbody radiation, photoelectric effect and so on. Faced with this new situation, physicists generally try to solve contradictions by mending within the old theoretical framework. However, young Einstein was not bound by the old tradition. On the basis of the research work of Lorenz and others, he made essential changes to some basic concepts such as space and time. This great breakthrough in theory ushered in a new era of physics.
Einstein's most important contribution in his life is the theory of relativity. 1905 published a paper entitled "on electrodynamics of moving objects", put forward the principle of relativity in a special sense and the principle of invariance of light speed, and established the special theory of relativity. This theory includes Newtonian mechanics as a special case of low-speed motion theory. It reveals the essential unity of time and space as the existing form of matter, profoundly reveals the unity of mechanical motion and electromagnetic motion in kinematics, further reveals the unity of matter and motion (equivalence of mass and energy), develops the principle that matter and motion cannot be separated, and lays a theoretical foundation for the utilization of atomic energy. Then, after years of efforts, he established the general theory of relativity in 19 15, further revealing the unified relationship between four-dimensional space-time and matter, pointing out that space-time cannot exist independently without matter, and the structure and nature of space depend on the distribution of matter. It is not a flat Euclidean space, but a curved Riemannian space. According to the gravitational theory of general relativity, he concluded that light travels along a curve rather than a straight line in the gravitational field. This theoretical prediction was confirmed by British astronomers in the solar eclipse observation in 19 19, when the whole world was shocked. 1938, he made great progress in the motion of general relativity, that is, he deduced the motion equation of an object from the field equation, further revealing the unity among time and space, matter, motion and gravity. Since the 1960s, due to the great development of experimental technology and astronomy, the research on general relativity and gravity theory has been paid attention to. In addition, Einstein's research on cosmology, the unified field theory of gravity and electromagnetism, and quantum theory all contributed to the development of physics.
Einstein is not only a great scientist, an outstanding thinker with the spirit of philosophical exploration, but also an upright person with a high sense of social responsibility. He lived in Germany and the United States, the center of western political vortex, and experienced two world wars. He deeply realized how the fruits of a scientist's labor will affect the society and what responsibility an intellectual should bear to the society.
Einstein wholeheartedly hoped that science would benefit mankind, but he witnessed the great damage brought by science and technology in two world wars. Therefore, he believes that the issue of war and peace is the most important issue in the contemporary era, and it is in this respect that he has made the most speeches in his life. His first public statement on political issues was a statement against World War I signed in 19 14. His last speech on political issues, namely, the Russell-Einstein Declaration signed in April 1955, is still an appeal to people to unite and prevent the outbreak of a new world war.
In the gallery of thinkers in the 20th century, Einstein is the embodiment of justice, kindness and truth. His character competes with the heaven, the earth, the sun and the moon, and his scientific contribution will be admired by mankind for generations to come.
This book not only outlines Einstein's great life with full and accurate historical facts, but also explores the spiritual connotation of Einstein's thought and personality from the source of human culture. In the book, metaphysical physical theory and legendary stories may form a deep and interesting three-dimensional picture in the reader's field of vision to explain the historical and cultural process of the 20th century. At the same time, we will understand Einstein in the historical atmosphere and silently accept Einstein's spiritual inspiration in the realistic situation.
Einstein opened up a new path for contemporary physics with the sword of reason, and also cut off all the monsters in the world with the sword of reason. Today, where is this sword of reason? Should we look for this sword of reason? This is a huge question mark left by Einstein. Everyone who is heading for the 2 1 century should meditate in front of this question mark, take over Einstein's sword of reason and work hard for a harmonious and just 2 1 century.
Galileo (1564-1642)-Italian physicist, astronomer and mathematician. Galileo is probably more qualified than anyone to be called the founder of modern science. His famous conflict with the Catholic Church is the central event of his philosophy. This is because Galileo was one of the first people to draw the conclusion that human beings are expected to understand how the world works, and we can do this by observing the real world. Galileo has long believed in Copernicus's theory (that is, the planets revolve around the sun), but only after finding evidence to support this theory did he openly support it. He wrote articles about Copernicus' theory in Italian (not ordinary academic Latin), and his views soon gained wide support outside the university community. This angered the professors of Aristotle school, who United against him and tried to persuade the Catholic church to ban Copernicus.
Galileo was so worried about this that he rushed to Rome and complained to the Catholic authorities face to face. He thinks that the Bible doesn't try to tell us anything about scientific theory. It is generally believed that the Bible becomes a metaphor when it contradicts common sense. But the church was worried that the scandal might damage its struggle with Protestants, so it took repressive measures. 16 16, it declared Copernicus "hypocritical and wrong" and ordered Galileo not to "defend or insist" this theory. Galileo reluctantly accepted.
1623, an old friend of Galileo became pope. Galileo immediately tried to overturn the judgment of 16 16. He failed, but he managed to get permission to write a book describing Aristotle and Copernicus' theories on two premises: he should not be inclined, and at the same time, he should draw the conclusion that human beings can't decide how the world works under any circumstances, because God will achieve the same effect in ways that human beings can't imagine, and human beings can't limit God's omnipotence.
The book entitled Dialogue between Two World Systems was completed and published in 1632 with the full support of the prosecutor, and was immediately praised as a masterpiece of literature and philosophy by the whole of Europe. It wasn't long before the Pope realized that people regarded this book as an argument to prove Copernicus and regretted publishing it. The Pope pointed out that although there are prosecutors
The publication of the book was approved, but Galileo still violated the ban of 16 16. He took Galileo to the Inquisition,
He was declared under house arrest for life and was ordered to publicly abandon Copernicus. Galileo was forced to do it again.
Galileo has always been a faithful Catholic, but his belief in scientific independence has never wavered. 16
In 42 years, that is, four years before his death, when he was still under house arrest, the manuscript of his second major work was privately handed over to a Dutchman.
Lan's publisher is this book called "Two New Sciences", which goes further than supporting Copernicus theory and becomes
The origin of modern physics.
Galileo (1564-1642)-Italian physicist, astronomer and mathematician. Galileo is probably more qualified than anyone to be called the founder of modern science. His famous conflict with the Catholic Church is the central event of his philosophy. This is because Galileo was one of the first people to draw the conclusion that human beings are expected to understand how the world works, and we can do this by observing the real world. Galileo has long believed in Copernicus's theory (that is, the planets revolve around the sun), but only after finding evidence to support this theory did he openly support it. He wrote articles about Copernicus' theory in Italian (not ordinary academic Latin), and his views soon gained wide support outside the university community. This angered the professors of Aristotle school, who United against him and tried to persuade the Catholic church to ban Copernicus.
Galileo was so worried about this that he rushed to Rome and complained to the Catholic authorities face to face. He thinks the bible doesn't
Not trying to tell us anything about scientific theory is usually considered when the Bible contradicts common sense.
, it becomes a metaphor. But the church was afraid that the scandal would hurt its struggle against Protestants, so it took a crackdown.
Means. 16 16, which declared that Copernicus was "hypocritical and wrong" and ordered Galileo to stop "defending".
Or stick to this theory. Galileo reluctantly accepted.
1623, an old friend of Galileo became pope. Galileo immediately tried to overturn the judgment of 16 16.
He failed, but he managed to get permission to write a book about Aristotle and Copernicus on two premises.
On Books: He should not be inclined, and at the same time, he should come to the conclusion that human beings can't decide how the world goes under any circumstances.
Yes, because God will achieve the same effect in ways that humans can't imagine, and humans can't limit God's 10,000.
Yes
This book, entitled "Dialogue between Two World Systems", has been fully supported by 1632.
When it was completed and published, it was immediately hailed as a masterpiece of European literature and philosophy. Soon the Pope realized that people
See this book as confirming Copernicus' argument and regret allowing it to be published. The Pope pointed out that although there are prosecutors
The publication of the book was approved, but Galileo still violated the ban of 16 16. He took Galileo to the Inquisition,
He was declared under house arrest for life and was ordered to publicly abandon Copernicus. Galileo was forced to do it again.
Galileo has always been a faithful Catholic, but his belief in scientific independence has never wavered. 16
In 42 years, that is, four years before his death, when he was still under house arrest, the manuscript of his second major work was privately handed over to a Dutchman.
Lan's publisher is this book called "Two New Sciences", which goes further than supporting Copernicus theory and becomes
The origin of modern physics.
Galileo (1564-1642)-Italian physicist, astronomer and mathematician. Galileo is probably more qualified than anyone to be called the founder of modern science. His famous conflict with the Catholic Church is the central event of his philosophy. This is because Galileo was one of the first people to draw the conclusion that human beings are expected to understand how the world works, and we can do this by observing the real world. Galileo has long believed in Copernicus's theory (that is, the planets revolve around the sun), but only after finding evidence to support this theory did he openly support it. He wrote articles about Copernicus' theory in Italian (not ordinary academic Latin), and his views soon gained wide support outside the university community. This angered the professors of Aristotle school, who United against him and tried to persuade the Catholic church to ban Copernicus.
Galileo was so worried about this that he rushed to Rome and complained to the Catholic authorities face to face. He thinks the bible doesn't
Not trying to tell us anything about scientific theory is usually considered when the Bible contradicts common sense.
, it becomes a metaphor. But the church was afraid that the scandal would hurt its struggle against Protestants, so it took a crackdown.
Means. 16 16, which declared that Copernicus was "hypocritical and wrong" and ordered Galileo to stop "defending".
Or stick to this theory. Galileo reluctantly accepted.
1623, an old friend of Galileo became pope. Galileo immediately tried to overturn the judgment of 16 16.
He failed, but he managed to get permission to write a book about Aristotle and Copernicus on two premises.
On Books: He should not be inclined, and at the same time, he should come to the conclusion that human beings can't decide how the world goes under any circumstances.
Yes, because God will achieve the same effect in ways that humans can't imagine, and humans can't limit God's 10,000.
Yes
This book, entitled "Dialogue between Two World Systems", has been fully supported by 1632.
When it was completed and published, it was immediately hailed as a masterpiece of European literature and philosophy. Soon the Pope realized that people
See this book as confirming Copernicus' argument and regret allowing it to be published. The Pope pointed out that although there are prosecutors
The publication of the book was approved, but Galileo still violated the ban of 16 16. He took Galileo to the Inquisition,
He was declared under house arrest for life and was ordered to publicly abandon Copernicus. Galileo was forced to do it again.
Galileo has always been a faithful Catholic, but his belief in scientific independence has never wavered. 16
In 42 years, that is, four years before his death, when he was still under house arrest, the manuscript of his second major work was privately handed over to a Dutchman.
Lan's publisher is this book called "Two New Sciences", which goes further than supporting Copernicus theory and becomes
The origin of modern physics.
Galileo (1564-1642)-Italian physicist, astronomer and mathematician. Galileo is probably more qualified than anyone to be called the founder of modern science. His famous conflict with the Catholic Church is the central event of his philosophy. This is because Galileo was one of the first people to draw the conclusion that human beings are expected to understand how the world works, and we can do this by observing the real world. Galileo has long believed in Copernicus's theory (that is, the planets revolve around the sun), but only after finding evidence to support this theory did he openly support it. He wrote articles about Copernicus' theory in Italian (not ordinary academic Latin), and his views soon gained wide support outside the university community. This angered the professors of Aristotle school, who United against him and tried to persuade the Catholic church to ban Copernicus.
Galileo was so worried about this that he rushed to Rome and complained to the Catholic authorities face to face. He thinks the bible doesn't
Not trying to tell us anything about scientific theory is usually considered when the Bible contradicts common sense.
, it becomes a metaphor. But the church was afraid that the scandal would hurt its struggle against Protestants, so it took a crackdown.
Means. 16 16, which declared that Copernicus was "hypocritical and wrong" and ordered Galileo to stop "defending".
Or stick to this theory. Galileo reluctantly accepted.
1623, an old friend of Galileo became pope. Galileo immediately tried to overturn the judgment of 16 16.
He failed, but he managed to get permission to write a book about Aristotle and Copernicus on two premises.
On Books: He should not be inclined, and at the same time, he should come to the conclusion that human beings can't decide how the world goes under any circumstances.
Yes, because God will achieve the same effect in ways that humans can't imagine, and humans can't limit God's 10,000.
Yes
This book, entitled "Dialogue between Two World Systems", has been fully supported by 1632.
When it was completed and published, it was immediately hailed as a masterpiece of European literature and philosophy. Soon the Pope realized that people
See this book as confirming Copernicus' argument and regret allowing it to be published. The Pope pointed out that although there are prosecutors
The publication of the book was approved, but Galileo still violated the ban of 16 16. He took Galileo to the Inquisition,
He was declared under house arrest for life and was ordered to publicly abandon Copernicus. Galileo was forced to do it again.
Galileo has always been a faithful Catholic, but his belief in scientific independence has never wavered. 16
In 42 years, that is, four years before his death, when he was still under house arrest, the manuscript of his second major work was privately handed over to a Dutchman.
Lan's publisher is this book called "Two New Sciences", which goes further than supporting Copernicus theory and becomes
The origin of modern physics.
Galileo (1564-1642)-Italian physicist, astronomer and mathematician. Galileo is probably more qualified than anyone to be called the founder of modern science. His famous conflict with the Catholic Church is the central event of his philosophy. This is because Galileo was one of the first people to draw the conclusion that human beings are expected to understand how the world works, and we can do this by observing the real world. Galileo has long believed in Copernicus's theory (that is, the planets revolve around the sun), but only after finding evidence to support this theory did he openly support it. He wrote articles about Copernicus' theory in Italian (not ordinary academic Latin), and his views soon gained wide support outside the university community. This angered the professors of Aristotle school, who United against him and tried to persuade the Catholic church to ban Copernicus.
Galileo was so worried about this that he rushed to Rome and complained to the Catholic authorities face to face. He thinks that the Bible doesn't try to tell us anything about scientific theory. It is generally believed that the Bible becomes a metaphor when it contradicts common sense. But the church was worried that the scandal might damage its struggle with Protestants, so it took repressive measures. 16 16, it declared Copernicus "hypocritical and wrong" and ordered Galileo not to "defend or insist" this theory. Galileo reluctantly accepted.
1623, an old friend of Galileo became pope. Galileo immediately tried to overturn the judgment of 16 16. He failed, but he managed to get permission to write a book about Aristotle and Copernicus on two premises.
On Books: He should not be inclined, and at the same time, he should come to the conclusion that human beings can't decide how the world goes under any circumstances.
Yes, because God will achieve the same effect in ways that humans can't imagine, and humans can't limit God's 10,000.
Yes
This book, entitled "Dialogue between Two World Systems", has been fully supported by 1632.
When it was completed and published, it was immediately hailed as a masterpiece of European literature and philosophy. Soon the Pope realized that people
See this book as confirming Copernicus' argument and regret allowing it to be published. The Pope pointed out that although there are prosecutors
The publication of the book was approved, but Galileo still violated the ban of 16 16. He took Galileo to the Inquisition,
He was declared under house arrest for life and was ordered to publicly abandon Copernicus. Galileo was forced to do it again.
Galileo has always been a faithful Catholic, but his belief in scientific independence has never wavered. 16
In 42 years, that is, four years before his death, when he was still under house arrest, the manuscript of his second major work was privately handed over to a Dutchman.
Lan's publisher is this book called "Two New Sciences", which goes further than supporting Copernicus theory and becomes
The origin of modern physics.
Galileo (1564-1642)-Italian physicist, astronomer and mathematician. Galileo is probably more qualified than anyone to be called the founder of modern science. His famous conflict with the Catholic Church is the central event of his philosophy. This is because Galileo was one of the first people to draw the conclusion that human beings are expected to understand how the world works, and we can do this by observing the real world. Galileo has long believed in Copernicus's theory (that is, the planets revolve around the sun), but only after finding evidence to support this theory did he openly support it. He wrote articles about Copernicus' theory in Italian (not ordinary academic Latin), and his views soon gained wide support outside the university community. This angered the professors of Aristotle school, who United against him and tried to persuade the Catholic church to ban Copernicus.
Galileo was so worried about this that he rushed to Rome and complained to the Catholic authorities face to face. He thinks the bible doesn't
Not trying to tell us anything about scientific theory is usually considered when the Bible contradicts common sense.
, it becomes a metaphor. But the church was afraid that the scandal would hurt its struggle against Protestants, so it took a crackdown.
Means. 16 16, which declared that Copernicus was "hypocritical and wrong" and ordered Galileo to stop "defending".
Or stick to this theory. Galileo reluctantly accepted.
1623, an old friend of Galileo became pope. Galileo immediately tried to overturn the judgment of 16 16.
He failed, but he managed to get permission to write a book about Aristotle and Copernicus on two premises.
On Books: He should not be inclined, and at the same time, he should come to the conclusion that human beings can't decide how the world goes under any circumstances.
Yes, because God will achieve the same effect in ways that humans can't imagine, and humans can't limit God's 10,000.
Yes
This book, entitled "Dialogue between Two World Systems", has been fully supported by 1632.
When it was completed and published, it was immediately hailed as a masterpiece of European literature and philosophy. Soon the Pope realized that people
See this book as confirming Copernicus' argument and regret allowing it to be published. The Pope pointed out that although there are prosecutors
The publication of the book was approved, but Galileo still violated the ban of 16 16. He took Galileo to the Inquisition,
He was declared under house arrest for life and was ordered to publicly abandon Copernicus. Galileo was forced to do it again.
Galileo has always been a faithful Catholic, but his belief in scientific independence has never wavered. 16
In 42 years, that is, four years before his death, when he was still under house arrest, the manuscript of his second major work was privately handed over to a Dutchman.
Lan's publisher is this book called "Two New Sciences", which goes further than supporting Copernicus theory and becomes
The origin of modern physics.
Galileo (1564-1642)-Italian physicist, astronomer and mathematician. Galileo is probably more qualified than anyone to be called the founder of modern science. His famous conflict with the Catholic Church is the central event of his philosophy. This is because Galileo was one of the first people to draw the conclusion that human beings are expected to understand how the world works, and we can do this by observing the real world. Galileo has long believed in Copernicus's theory (that is, the planets revolve around the sun), but only after finding evidence to support this theory did he openly support it. He wrote articles about Copernicus' theory in Italian (not ordinary academic Latin), and his views soon gained wide support outside the university community. This angered the professors of Aristotle school, who United against him and tried to persuade the Catholic church to ban Copernicus.
Galileo was so worried about this that he rushed to Rome and complained to the Catholic authorities face to face. He thinks the bible doesn't
Not trying to tell us anything about scientific theory is usually considered when the Bible contradicts common sense.
, it becomes a metaphor. But the church was afraid that the scandal would hurt its struggle against Protestants, so it took a crackdown.
Means. 16 16, which declared that Copernicus was "hypocritical and wrong" and ordered Galileo to stop "defending".
Or stick to this theory. Galileo reluctantly accepted.
1623, an old friend of Galileo became pope. Galileo immediately tried to overturn the judgment of 16 16.
He failed, but he managed to get permission to write a book about Aristotle and Copernicus on two premises.
Book: He should not be inclined, and at the same time he should come to the conclusion that under no circumstances can man decide how the world will be transported.
Yes, because God will achieve the same effect in ways that humans can't imagine, and humans can't limit God's 10,000.
Yes
The book entitled Dialogue between Two World Systems was completed and published in 1632 with the full support of the prosecutor, and was immediately praised as a masterpiece of literature and philosophy by the whole of Europe. Soon the Pope realized that people
See this book as confirming Copernicus' argument and regret allowing it to be published. The Pope pointed out that although the prosecutor officially approved the publication of the book, Galileo still violated the ban of 16 16. He took Galileo to the Inquisition, declared him under house arrest for life, and ordered him to publicly abandon Copernicus. Galileo was forced to do it again.
Galileo has always been a faithful Catholic, but his belief in scientific independence has never wavered. 1642, that is, four years before his death, while under house arrest, the manuscript of his second major book was privately handed over to a Dutch publisher. It is this book called Two New Sciences that goes further than supporting Copernicus and becomes the origin of modern physics.