Einstein is a great physicist. His famous saying "God doesn't throw a sieve" means "I'm convinced that God doesn't throw dice anyway." Its philosophical meaning is that randomness or inexact predictability is not the fundamental aspect of the objective world, but people's understanding of it is incomplete. Einstein expressed his fundamental views on quantum mechanics and the objective physical world in religious terms through this sentence.

The background of this sentence is that in the 19th century, scientists could not explain the ultraviolet disaster caused by blackbody radiation with classical physics. In 199, Planck, a German physicist, put forward Planck's blackbody radiation formula from the perspective of quantization, and formally put forward the concept of energy quantum. Inspired by Einstein, he later put forward the light quantum hypothesis, which holds that light has particle and fluctuation, and solved the dispute between "light wave" and "light quantum" in the past

But Einstein was only one of the schools of quantum theory at that time, and the other school was Copenhagen School. They believed that extranuclear electrons appeared randomly around the nucleus in the form of probability clouds. The uncertainty principle showed that the precise position and momentum of extranuclear electrons could not be obtained and could only be described by probability. Einstein criticized this theory. He believed in physical realism and believed that God would not throw a sieve. As long as there were enough data, he could accurately predict all the changes of particles in the past and the future. Although the current measurement results are uncertain, there should be variables that people have not yet discovered that are affecting the measurement results.

It is precisely because of this sentence that Einstein was misunderstood by a group of people for a long time that he personally denied quantum mechanics, because quantum mechanics believed that the inherent nature of the physical world was randomness. Later, many scientists explained that Einstein was misunderstood, because it was Einstein who discovered indeterminism in quantum mechanics. They thought that Einstein did not deny randomness. What he could not accept was that randomness was the basic principle of nature, which implied that there was a deeper level of physical reality. Einstein's criticism is not mysterious. On the contrary, some scientific problems he is concerned about have not been solved up to now.