Homesickness is an eternal theme in literature. Regardless of foreign countries and ancient times, only modern China. For example, Lu Xun's Hometown and Social Drama, Zhou Zuoren's Wu Pengchuan, Ye Shengtao's Lotus Water Shepherd, Yu Dafu's Homesickness, Bing Xin's Homesickness, Yu Guangzhong's Homesickness, Spring Reminder, and so on all have their themes, writing backgrounds and writing backgrounds. Some chapters, such as Lu Xun's hometown, social drama and in a restaurant, may not be directly related to the wanderer's yearning for his hometown and country. The author may not directly express the homesickness of living in a foreign country, but the parting thoughts of lonely journey float between the lines of the article, which makes people homesick everywhere.
In fact, homesickness is a spiritual phenomenon of human beings, regardless of ancient and modern times and places. Zheng Zhenduo's Haiyan is a beautiful homesick song.
Zheng Zhenduo, a native of Changle County, Fujian Province, was born in Wenzhou, Zhejiang on 18981February 19. 19 18 was admitted to Beijing Railway Management School (now the predecessor of North Jiaotong University). 192 1 year, together with Zhou Zuoren, Ye Shengtao, Shen Yanbing, etc. 12, he founded the first literary society in the history of modern literature in China-"Literature Research Association". From then on, he devoted all his efforts and energy to the construction of modern literature in China and the study of literature and culture in China. During the May 4th Movement, he was an important writer of the "for life" school, and wrote many poems, essays and novels. He has also edited newspapers and magazines, translated and studied, and is also a well-known scholar and professor with rigorous scholarship and rich writings. Hu Yuzhi called him a "generalist". "No matter in creation and translation, no matter in introducing world famous works or sorting out cultural heritage ... he has made a contribution that ordinary people can rarely make" (Hu Yuzhi: Crying for Jane); Duanmu Hongliang also said: "If there is an encyclopedic school in China, then Mr. Sidi (Zheng Zhenduo's word-the author) is the most outstanding one" (Duanmu Hongliang: In Memory). In archaeology, he is the author of "The History of Excavation of Ancient City Tombs in a Hundred Years"; In the study of literary history, he wrote The History of China Literature, The History of China Popular Literature and The Outline of Literature, which are representative works in this field. In the late 1950s, after Zheng Zhenduo's death, People's Literature Publishing House published seven volumes of Collected Works of Zheng Zhenduo. He is also a very active social activist and an important organizer and leader in the literary and cultural circles of our country. * * * After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he devoted himself wholeheartedly to the construction and exchange of Chinese and foreign literature and culture. He presided over the establishment of important academic journals such as "Cultural Relics" and "Archaeological Journal", served as the director of the Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences and the deputy minister of culture, and led many writers' delegations and cultural delegations from China to visit and exchange in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and Asian and African countries. 1958 10/7, on the way from Beijing to Moscow, he was killed in a plane crash.
Haiyan wrote it on the way to France. 1927 After the "April 12th" coup, Zheng Zhenduo was forced to flee from Shanghai to France, Britain and other places for nearly one and a half years on May 2nd1to avoid what might happen. Chen, Xu, Yuan Zhongdao and Wei. I was on the boat this time. Except Chen, the other three are all new companions on board. On the boat, they agreed to write down "their feelings, thoughts and views in athos" and "send them to dear China people and relatives". The prose he wrote during this trip to France was later compiled into1Haiyan, a collection of essays published by Shanghai Xinhua Bookstore in July 1932. Haiyan, who was selected as a textbook, is one of them. The exact writing time of this article is1the evening of May 26th, 927. At this point, the "atos" has sailed through Hong Kong and headed for Saigon Port.
Haiyan is a travel prose, and it is also a very typical work to express emotion and ambition by borrowing scenery. Swallow is a favorite little creature of literati in past dynasties. Among ancient poems, there are many poems about swallows, such as "whose new swallows peck at spring mud"; "Fish comes out in the drizzle, and swallow leans in the breeze"; "Falling Flowers Independent, Swift Qi Fei" and so on are all famous sentences. Many women are also named Chun Yan, Yan Fei and Swallow, all because Swallow is lively and lovely, which adds a lot of interest to the world.
Swallows are migratory birds, winter goes and spring comes. At the beginning of the new year, Vientiane is renewed. When the swallows return to find the old base, it means that the severe winter has passed and spring has come. Therefore, people also call swallows messengers of spring.
In this article, the author first describes the swallow with his hometown as the background. It was "February and March" with spring breeze, beautiful spring scenery and flowers blooming. There is a drizzle in the sky, and there are thousands of soft willows on the ground, which relaxes their yellow-green eyes. Red, white and yellow flowers, green grass and leaves all rush to the market like "rushing together" and "brilliant" spring. At this time, a lovely swallow with black feathers, "a pair of scissors-like tails and a pair of agile wings" flew from the south and joined this beautiful picture of beautiful spring. The swallow painted a vibrant and interesting picture of early spring in the south of the Yangtze River in an extremely natural and harmonious way! This passage, seemingly casual, actually took a lot of thought. The author first outlines the shape and outline of swallows with concise pen and ink, then draws the natural environment of swallows' activities, and then vividly depicts the vivid scene of swallows flying all over the sky from near to far. The whole picture is dynamic and static, with moderate relaxation, proper exercise and relaxation.
This is the little swallow in my hometown in my childhood memory. Swallows also have homes. They nest on the beams and behind the plaques of "Happy Family". Every year when winter goes and spring comes, they come quietly like distant guests and live in their own homes. They are as kind and harmonious to every member of the family as the host and guest. The author goes to great lengths to write about the home of Swallow, and at the same time, he exaggerates the strong atmosphere of daily home life, just to tell readers how much he misses home and relatives and friends in his hometown at this moment. Behind these affectionate and warm words, what is entrusted is the endless parting of a wandering wanderer.
Affectionate nostalgia was evoked by the real picture in front of me, so the author, like a skilled photographer, naturally switched the camera from remembering Myanmar to the real picture. At present, there is a beautiful and intoxicating scene: "atos" is sailing on the vast sea, and the sea and the sky are connected, and the sea and the sky are endless. Realism and imagination interweave, scenery description and lyricism blend, and the lyricist temporarily forgets the pain of parting, indulging in the novel and wonderful scenery and longing for the future. At this time, the swallows active in the wilderness, farmers and citizens' homes, like "sea heroes" in pairs, are still so lively and fearless in the vast sea, "still grazing leisurely on the sea", patting the calm sea like a lake with "its scissors-like tail and wing tip" and tirelessly enjoying it. Flying "... The appearance of swallows brought the author's thoughts back to the real scene from the imaginary world. Pairs of swallows are in sharp contrast with lonely people wandering in a foreign land. The vast sea is in sharp contrast with the small and exquisite swallows. The author can't help but ask softly, "don't they feel tired?" "You won't encounter a storm? We are really worried about them! The author is not so much worried about the swallow as about his future and future life. Crossing the ocean alone is undoubtedly a great challenge, so he can't help feeling a little nervous. At the same time, his long journey also added a great mental burden to his relatives at home. Therefore, the author's question can be understood as the concern, comfort and encouragement of missing his relatives and friends, as well as the tortuous performance of his lonely journey and the worry of missing his relatives. He is not only looking for comfort for himself, but also silently praying for his loved ones, hoping that everything will be smooth and safe. Moreover, he also felt strength and encouragement, affection and friendship from this "sea hero". This swallow is the messenger who conveys homesickness for lonely travelers, the object of the author's homesickness, and the embodiment of the author's relatives and friends. They came to see him.
The title of this article is Haiyan, but the author didn't start writing directly from the "Haiyan" he saw in front of him, but couldn't wait to write the little swallow in his hometown in his memory first, which shows how anxious the author is about homesickness! Nevertheless, the author still hides homesickness in his heart, and writes Swallow with cuteness, agility and humanity, which reflects the author's style of writing people with things (see articles such as Cat and Bitter Cry). In the plane layout, the background and the subject, the dynamic and static, the scenery and the lyric are all uneven and integrated.