Deng Jiaxian (1924— 1986) is a nuclear physicist in China and an academician of China Academy of Sciences. Deng Jiaxian was from Anhui and later worked as a physics teacher in Peking University. 1June, 1948, Deng Jiaxian went to the United States for postgraduate study,1June, 1950, and obtained a doctorate in physics. On the 9th day after he got his degree, he boarded the ship returning home. After returning home, Deng Jiaxian worked in nuclear theory in China. Deng Jiaxian is the main organizer of China's nuclear weapons research and development, and is known as the "father of the two bombs". He has made great contributions to the research of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs! 1956 gloriously joined the China * * * production party.
Deng Jiaxian has won the first prize of national natural science, the special prize of scientific progress and the title of national model worker.
Deng Jiaxian and Yang Zhenning are both from Anhui. They study in the same middle school. They played glass ball, squash and climbed trees together since childhood, and formed a deep friendship.
Deng Jiaxian led the basic theoretical research on detonation physics, fluid mechanics, equation of state, neutron transport and so on, completed the theoretical scheme of atomic bomb, and participated in guiding the detonation simulation test of nuclear test. After the success of the atomic bomb test, Deng Jiaxian organized forces to explore the design principles and selected technical approaches of the hydrogen bomb. He led and personally participated in the development and experiment of China's first hydrogen bomb in 1967.
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1September, 999 18, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the founding of new China, the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission solemnly commended 23 scientific and technological experts who had made outstanding contributions to the cause of "two bombs and one satellite" in China, and awarded them the "two bombs and one satellite meritorious medal", for which Deng Jiaxian dedicated his life and gave his life.
"Two bombs and one satellite" originally refers to atomic bombs, missiles and artificial satellites. One of the "two bombs" is a general term for atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs; The other bomb refers to a missile. A satellite is an artificial earth satellite.
China's "two bombs and one satellite" is a brilliant cause created by the Chinese nation in the second half of the 20th century. 196410 June 16 China's first atomic bomb exploded successfully,1967 June 17 China's first hydrogen bomb exploded successfully, and1970 China's first artificial satellite was successfully launched on April 24th.
This is the miracle of "two bombs and one satellite" created by the people of China in the process of climbing the peak of modern science. The great cause of "two bombs and one satellite" is an important symbol of the achievements of the new China, the glory and pride of the Chinese nation, and an unprecedented feat for human civilization to climb the peak of science and technology.
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Nuclear weapon is a general term for weapons that use the energy released by self-sustaining nuclear fission or fusion reaction to produce explosions and have large-scale killing and destruction effects. The atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb studied by scientists such as Deng Jiaxian are very powerful nuclear weapons.
Five hazards of nuclear weapon explosion:
Optical radiation, also known as thermal radiation. When a nuclear weapon explodes, it can produce a high temperature of hundreds of millions of degrees Celsius or even billions of degrees Celsius, which can quickly melt everything. As long as light radiation involves human skin, the skin will immediately turn brown or black, and lead to human death.
Shock wave is a kind of mechanical wave, which spreads energy through the vibration of medium. The shock wave of a nuclear explosion is the same as that of ordinary explosives. A nuclear bomb with an equivalent of 6,543.8+0,000 tons of TNT will immediately destroy all buildings within 5.6 kilometers of Fiona Fang when it explodes. The direct impact of shock wave on human body can cause various direct blast injuries.
Early nuclear radiation, also known as penetrating radiation, is Y radiation and neutron flux released ten seconds before a nuclear explosion. It is a unique killing and destructive factor of nuclear weapons. When the human body is affected by nuclear radiation in the early stage, it is prone to shock and central nervous system disorder, leading to organ damage, visceral tissue damage and immune system function degradation.
Instantaneous electromagnetic waves, when nuclear weapons explode, can ionize the air and produce a huge electromagnetic field with a voltage of several hundred kilovolts. Instantaneous electromagnetic waves can destroy the electronic equipment of various weapons and equipment, causing death.
Radioactive pollution refers to the pollution of various objects such as ground, air, personnel and weapons and equipment by radioactive substances produced by nuclear explosion, mainly releasing gamma radiation of particles. These radioactive fission particles are suspended in the air, causing pollution to the ground, people and objects, which can cause hematopoietic dysfunction, cataracts, leukemia and other malignant tumors, decreased fertility or fetal malformation.
Since nuclear weapons are so harmful, why should our country develop? The following is the statement made by our government when the first atomic bomb exploded: China did not develop nuclear weapons because it believed in the omnipotence of nuclear weapons and wanted to use them. On the contrary, China was forced to develop nuclear weapons for defense, to break the monopoly and blackmail of nuclear powers, to prevent nuclear war and to eliminate nuclear weapons. Since then, the China administration has solemnly stated many times that China will not be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances, and has made many suggestions on how to prevent nuclear war. China's ideas are gradually endorsed and supported by more and more countries and people.