Wang Anshi's "Shang Zhongyong" should be the first example, and the second example: Sima Qian survived strongly after being imprisoned, and spent the rest of his life completing "Historical Records", and Liu Qi burned away at reading.

Liu Qi, a native of Pengcheng in the Liang Dynasty, studied hard, saying, "I was lonely and poor early, but it was difficult to make lamps and candles, so I often bought them and turned them into lamps.". Su Ting blows fire and reads.

"Without my father's will, I often get mixed up with servants and husbands, but I am tireless in learning. Every time I want to study, I always have no lights and candles. I taste it in the stable and read it by fire. It's so bitter. "

Chang Lin has a warp tillage hoe. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Chang Lin said, "I am eager to learn, and I take a plow and hoe.

His wife often pays her own salary. Although Lin is in the field, she respects each other like a guest. " Shi Mi hangs books in the corner.

In the Sui Dynasty, Li Mi was sent as a bodyguard in the court of Emperor Yangdi when he was a teenager. He was flexible by nature. When he was on duty, he looked around and was found by Emperor Yangdi. He thought the boy was dishonest and was exempted from his errand.

Li Mi was not depressed. When she got home, she became angry and studied, and decided to be a learned man. Once, Shi Mi rode a cow and went out to see his friends.

On the way, he hung Hanshu on the horn and took the time to read. This matter was passed down as a much-told story.

Dong Zhongshu didn't visit the garden for three years. Dong Zhongshu concentrated on his studies and worked tirelessly.

Although there is a garden behind his study, he devoted himself to reading and studying, and didn't go into the garden for three years. Dong Zhongshu devoted himself to studying so much that he became a famous thinker in the Western Han Dynasty. Guan Ning was seated.

In Han Dynasty, Guan Ning and Hua Xin were old classmates and friends. One day, two people were reading at the same table, and some dignitaries passed by by by car. Guan Ning was undisturbed and studied as usual, while Hua Xin went out to watch and was envious.

Guan Ning saw that Hua Xin and he were not really like-minded friends, so he took a seat and sat down separately. Guan Ning finally succeeded in his career! Kuang Heng stole the light.

In the Western Han Dynasty, there was a particularly learned man named Kuang Heng. When Kuang Heng was a child, his family was poor. In order to study, he cut through the wall of his neighbor's illiteracy, and by stealing a candle light, he finally moved his neighbor's illiteracy. With everyone's help, Little Kuang Heng learned something. At the time of Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty, Kuang Heng was appointed as a doctor and moved to a doctor on the recommendation of Shi Gao, a general of Fu and Che Qi.

Che Yin capsule fireflies read at night. Che Yin, the word Wuzi, was born in Nanping (now Public Security City, Hubei Province) in the Jin Dynasty. He was poor from a small family, but he studied very hard. "Poor people don't often get oil, while Xia Yue practiced to hold dozens of fireflies to take pictures of books, day and night."

The story of Che Yin's Ying Ying Zhao's reading has been passed down as a beautiful story in history, inspiring later generations of scholars. Chen Ping endured humiliation and studied hard.

Chen Ping was famous in the Western Han Dynasty. When she was young, her family was poor, and she lived alone with her brother. In order to uphold her father's orders, she was proud of her family, did not give birth, and studied behind closed doors, but she was not allowed by her eldest sister-in-law. In order to eliminate the contradiction between her brother and sister-in-law, she endured repeated humiliation. With the aggravation of her eldest sister-in-law, she finally ran away from home and wanted to travel around the world, and was recovered by her brother. Eventually, an old man came here and taught free of charge. After he finished his studies, he assisted Liu Bang and achieved a great success.

Lu Yu abandoned Buddhism and followed literature. Lu Yu, a famous scholar in the Tang Dynasty, was an orphan since he was a child, and was brought up by Zen Master Zhiji.

Although Lu Yu is in the temple, he doesn't want to chant Buddhist scriptures all day, but likes to read poetry books. Lu Yu insisted on going down the mountain to study, which was opposed by the Zen master.

In order to give Lu Yu a difficult problem and educate him better, the Zen master asked him to learn how to make tea. In the process of studying tea art, Lu Yu met a kind old woman, who not only learned the complicated skills of making tea, but also learned a lot about reading and being a man.

When Lu Yu finally brought a steaming cup of Kuding tea to the Zen master, the Zen master finally agreed to his request to go down the mountain to study. Later, Lu Yu wrote the widely circulated Tea Classic, which carried forward the tea culture of the motherland! Juvenile Bao Zheng learns to solve the case.

Bao Qingtian, Bao Zheng, was intelligent and inquisitive since childhood, especially fond of reasoning and solving cases. His father had close contacts with the magistrate, and Bao Zheng learned a lot of knowledge about solving cases from childhood. Especially in the case of burning a temple and killing a monk, Bao Zheng stripped the cocoon and spun silk according to the clues on the scene, and after finding out the criminal suspect, he pretended to be the king of Yan, examined the truth and helped the magistrate catch the murderer. He worked hard to learn the knowledge of law and punishment, and laid a deep knowledge foundation for solving cases like gods and vindicating the people when he grew up.

Wan Sitong studied hard behind closed doors. Wan Sitong, a famous scholar and historian in the early Qing Dynasty, participated in the compilation of Twenty-four History, an important historical book in China.

But Wan Sitong was a naughty boy when he was young. Wan Sitong lost face in front of the guests because of his playfulness, so he was criticized by the guests.

In anger, Wan Sitong overturned the tables of the guests and was put in the library by his father. Wan Sitong went from being angry and disgusted with reading to thinking behind closed doors. Inspired by the Book of Tea, he began to study hard.

More than a year has passed in an instant. Wan Sitong has read a lot in the library. His father forgave his son, and Wan Sitong understood his father's good intentions. After a long period of hard work, Wan Sitong finally became a well-known scholar who was familiar with the history books, and participated in the compilation of the History of Ming Dynasty in Twenty-four History.

Tang Bohu devoted himself to painting. Tang Bohu was a famous painter and writer in Ming Dynasty. When he was young, he showed his superhuman talent in painting.

Tang Bohu, a disciple of the great painter Shen Zhou, naturally studied harder and mastered painting skills quickly, and was highly praised by Shen Zhou. Unexpectedly, due to Shen Zhou's praise, Tang Bohu, who has always been modest, gradually became complacent. Shen Zhou saw it in his eyes and kept it in his heart. Once at dinner, Shen Zhou asked Tang Bohu to open the window. Tang Bohu found that his window was actually a painting by the teacher Shen Zhou. Tang Bohu was very ashamed and devoted himself to painting.

qu yuan studied hard in the cave. When Qu Yuan was a child, regardless of the opposition of his elders, he hid in the cave to secretly read the Book of Songs, regardless of the wind and rain and the cold.

After three years, he has familiarized himself with 35 pieces of The Book of Songs, absorbed rich nutrition from these folk songs, and finally became a great poet. Fan Zhongyan broke the horseshoe crab and rowed porridge.

Fan Zhongyan grew up in a poor family. In order to study, he scrimped and saved. Finally, his eagerness to learn touched the temple elders, who sent him to study in Nandu Academy.

Fan Zhongyan still insists on simple living habits and does not accept gifts from rich children to sharpen his will. After studying hard, he finally became a great writer.

Sima guang. 2. Twenty simple stories in classical Chinese

self-contradictory

Some Chu people sell shields and spears, and they say, "My shield is strong, and nothing can sink." He also praised his spear and said, "The benefits of my spear are all trapped in things." Or, "What about a spear of a child and a shield of a trapped child?" He is capable of responding. An invincible shield and an invincible spear can't stand side by side.

Carving a boat for a sword

Some Chu people waded in the river, and their swords fell into the water from the boat. He made a mark on the side of the boat with his sword, and said, " this is where my sword fell. ". ” The ship stopped at its destination, and the man of the state of Chu jumped from the place where he carved the mark to the water to find the sword. The boat is ok, but the sword is not. If you ask for a sword, you will not be confused!

Ye Gong loves dragons

Ye Gong loves dragons, and the carvings in the room are all dragons. So Tianlong smelled it, peeped at it, and tailed it in the hall. Ye Gong saw it, abandoned it and walked away, losing his soul, and five gods had no owner. Ye Gong is not a good dragon, but a husband is like a dragon rather than a dragon.

Zheng people buy shoes

If Zheng people have shoes and buy them, they will sit on them first. When they arrive in the city, they forget to exercise, and they have shoes, so they say, "I forgot to hold them. "Instead, take it. And the anti-city strike, then can not be fulfilled.

people say, "why not try it?" 鈥檚: 鈥檚reliability is better than self-confidence.

Waiting for the rabbit

Song people have cultivators. There is a plant in Tanaka. The rabbit broke its neck and died. Stand by the plant because of its release, and hope to recover the rabbit. Rabbits are hard to get, but as a Song Guoxiao. 3. What other vivid and vivid languages have you learned after class? Write at least one example.

1: At dinner last night, grandma told us that a man named Guoqing in the village was particularly lazy. I immediately went on to say, "Lazy as a pig" and pretended to be a scholar and shook my head. Grandma said, "This man is too lazy to become a god. He can sit on the mahjong table and play all night, but if he is asked to do some work, even if you poke him with an awl, he won't move." I laughed, and my father couldn't help laughing. I thought it was "lazy as a pig". Is this metaphor simple or classical Chinese? But grandma's "awl poke * * *" is indeed more exaggerated, vivid and funny than me, which makes people immediately think of how lazy that person is.

2: Spring has come, and the willows have sprouted. I said to my grandmother, "Grandma, look at the willows sprouting. I was very proud, thinking to myself: This word "spit" is well used, and it personifies the willow. Grandma would never have thought of it, but Grandma said, "Yes! The willows are bursting. " Ah, I suddenly felt that grandma's "popping green" was a hundred times better than my "spitting green". The word "explosion" not only shows the vitality of the willow in the spring breeze, but also tells the color of the willow. However, my "spitting bud" has no color, and the second is that there is nothing "angry" in spitting, so it is not as accurate as my grandmother's. How did grandma think of that? Grandma smiled and said, "Why bother? If you talk about it, rural people say so! " 4. Although the article in Fang Zhongyong is short, the words are vivid and vivid. Try to analyze briefly with examples.

1. What are the functions of several adverbs in the three sentences of "suddenly crying for it", "writing four poems" and "naturally referring to things as poems" to express the meaning? Make it real and vivid, and make the image of a prodigy with extraordinary talent and quick thinking jump to the page.

2. Understand the language features of the sentence "The father benefits naturally, and the Japanese ban Zhong Yonghuan praises the people in the city and does not make them learn". This sentence reveals the reason why Zhong Yong's talent declined and his talent was exhausted with extremely concise pen and ink.

The word "profit" describes his father's greedy and short-sighted character. "Huan Yi" summarizes his father's contemptible behavior of seeking money, and "not learning" is even more accurate. It criticizes his father's wrong practices and implies the inevitable result of Zhong Yong's "mixing with others". These words are both vivid and appropriate, and a few words have a concise effect. 5. the characteristics and various examples of classical Chinese

the characteristics of classical Chinese are: separation of speech and writing, concise writing.

The characteristics of classical Chinese are compared with those of vernacular Chinese (including spoken and written language), mainly in grammar and vocabulary:

(The following characteristics are all examples but not complete. )

Grammatical features

The grammatical features of classical Chinese are mainly manifested in parts of speech and word order. Generally speaking, classical Chinese has more flexible use of parts of speech than vernacular Chinese.

Nouns are used as verbs:

"Donkeys can't get angry without hoofs" (Liu Zongyuan's Three Commandments: Donkeys of Guizhou), and the noun "hoof" is used here as the verb "kick with hoofs".

"Let the elders in the east of the Yangtze River pity me and be king" (Sima Qian's Historical Records of Xiang Yu), where the noun "king" is used as the causative verb "make ... king".

Nouns are used as adverbs and often used with "ran" (in the form of ...):

"When I was young, a wolf went away and a dog sat in front. (Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio), the noun "dog" is used as an adverb "like a dog" before the verb "sit".

"When the peak turns around, the pavilion wings suddenly approach the spring, and the pavilion is drunk. (Ouyang Xiu's "Zuiweng Pavilion", "Wing" is used as an adverb before the verb "Pro".

prepositional object

Objective: In interrogative sentences and negative sentences, if the object is a pronoun, its position in the sentence is easily diluted by interrogative words or negative words. In order to highlight the object, advance it.

in interrogative sentences, interrogative pronouns such as "who", "who", "he" and "Xi" are placed before verbs:

"I'm really incompetent, but who dares to complain? ("Zuo Zhuan")

"Who am I bullying? Bullying the sky! "(The Analects of Confucius)

" Weiss, who shall we return to? (Fan Zhongyan's The Story of Yueyang Tower)

"Who am I, Xu Gongmei in the north of the city? (Zou Ji satirizes coachable, King of Qi in the Warring States Policy)

"Wang Yue:" What is it that binds people? " (The Spring and Autumn Annals of Yan Zi)

In negative sentences, when pronouns are used as objects, they are usually placed in front of verbs.

A gentleman is ill and incompetent, and he is not worried about his patients (The Analects of Confucius)

An inverted sentence used with "Yi":

"The whole stone is at the bottom, near the shore, and the bottom of the stone is rolled up to get out. (Liu Zongyuan's "Eight Records of Yongzhou Xiaoshi Pond", the whole stone is the bottom, that is, the whole stone is the bottom, and the bottom of the stone is rolled out, that is, the bottom of the stone is rolled out.

Common interchangeable words in classical Chinese are caused by the author's subjective reasons, for example, I can't remember the word at the moment; There are also objective reasons, such as taboo.

"If you ask questions and answer them, you have to go home and set up wine to kill chickens for food. (Tao Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Garden", "want", pass "invite", invite.

"Confucius said," It's better to learn from time to time. ..... "("The Analects of Confucius Learn ")," Say ","Pleasure "and joy.

"A saint is not interested in happiness, but I am interested in illness. "("The Spring and Autumn Annals of Yan Zi ")," Xi ","Fun ",joking.

[Editor] Lexical features

There are great differences in vocabulary between classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese. This difference usually must be listed in the form of a dictionary or dictionary in order to be fully expressed. However, there is a feature that can be observed in a general way: the vocabulary in classical Chinese is relatively simple, for example, compared with the words in vernacular Chinese, the words in classical Chinese are mainly monosyllabic.