1. Material links: Speech category
(1) Famous quotes:
1. When the warehouse is full, mice and birds are happy, but when the grass is exhausted, rabbits and foxes are sad. ——Bao Zheng
2. Fish without net, sail without shooting. ——Sun Tzu
3. We did not inherit the earth from our ancestors, but borrowed it from our descendants.
——In 1979, there was a famous saying in the "World Outline for the Conservation of Natural Resources" promulgated by the United Nations.
4. There are many creatures in favorable geographical conditions, but there is a limit to what can be achieved by human power. If you take it with moderation and use it with moderation, you will always have enough; if you take it with no moderation and use it with no moderation, you will always have insufficient.
——Sima Guang's "Zi Zhi Tong Jian"
(2) Collection of witty sayings
5. Nature cannot be improved, life can be chosen, choose green life, Healthy and moderate consumption.
6. Who said that the lives of all living things are small, and they are all the same flesh and blood? I advise you not to kill the spring bird, because the son is in the nest looking forward to the mother's return.
——Tang (Bai Juyi)
7. If humans cannot coexist with other species, they cannot coexist with this planet.
8. The sky is the home of birds, the rivers are the home of fish, and the earth is our home.
9. Don’t use water in vain near water, and don’t burn firewood in vain near mountains. ——Han proverb
10. There are thousands of hectares of fertile land, but one liter of solar eclipse. There are thousands of rooms in the mansion, and seven feet of sleeping space at night.
11. Think about what we can use, think about what we can use, and cherish our limited resources. ——Public Service Announcement
Examples
﹡Data﹡
In terms of the total amount of natural resources, the total amount of many types of natural resources in our country is at the forefront of the world. It can be called a resource-rich country with vast land and abundant resources. However, our country has a large population and the per capita possession of various resources is very small. The relative shortage of per capita resources is my country’s basic national condition in terms of resources.
my country ranks fourth in the world in arable land area, but its per capita arable land is only equivalent to 1/3 of the world's average; its forest area ranks sixth in the world, but its per capita forest occupancy is only equivalent to the world's average. 1/5 of the total; my country's total mineral resource reserves rank third in the world, and the per capita possession is equivalent to 3/5 of the world's per capita value... And as my country's population continues to increase, the per capita possession of various resources will continue to decline. The relative shortage of per capita resources has become a restrictive factor for my country's economic development and the improvement of people's living standards. my country's resources are also characterized by uneven regional distribution. For example, my country has more water resources in the south and less in the north, but less arable land resources in the south and more in the north, which is very detrimental to the development of agriculture.
Resources are scarce.
[Applicable topics] This material can be applied to "energy saving and consumption reduction", "rational development of resources", or "sustainable development".
When the drilling rig of the Istok No. 1 platform in the waters near the peninsula penetrated into the seafloor oil layer at a depth of 3,625 meters, a severe blowout suddenly occurred. The platform was plunged into a sea of ????fire, and crude oil was sprayed to the sea surface at a flow rate of 4,080 tons per day. Later, two auxiliary oil wells were drilled in the sea area 800 meters away from the Istok well. They were drilled in mid-September and early October respectively, which reduced the pressure in the main well and the blowout was slightly reduced. The blowout did not stop completely until March 24, 1980. It lasted 296 days and lost 453,600 tons of crude oil. It was recorded in history as the world's largest offshore blowout accident. This blowout caused a 10 mm thick crude oil to flow north along the tide and flow into Mexico. and the U.S. coast. The black oil belt is 480 kilometers long and 40 kilometers wide, covering 19,000 square kilometers of sea surface, causing serious pollution to the marine environment in this area.
Chernobyl Nuclear Leakage Incident
On the morning of April 27, 1986, a sudden nuclear leakage occurred in a group of reactors at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine, the former Soviet Union, causing a A series of serious consequences.
Clouds containing radioactive materials were carried by the wind to countries such as Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland. The radiation dose in the eastern coastal areas of Sweden exceeded 100 times normal conditions. The nuclear accident affected 10% of the wheat in Ukraine. In addition, due to water pollution, the livestock industry of the former Soviet Union and European countries suffered greatly. It was predicted at the time that this nuclear disaster might also cause 100,000 residents to die from lung cancer and bone cancer in the next ten years.
The forest dieback incident in the former West Germany
There were 7.4 million hectares of forest in the former West Germany. As of 1983, 34% were infected with dieback disease. The annual dead stock volume Accounting for more than 21% of the forest growth in the same year, more than 800,000 hectares of forest have been destroyed. This dieback disease comes from acid rain. In the Bavarian National Park, due to the impact of acid rain, almost every tree became diseased and the scenery was completely ruined. Fir trees above 500 meters above sea level in Hessen have died one after another, and 57% of the pine trees in the state are terminally ill. The "Black Forest" in Baden-Württemberg is named for the blackening of the green fir trees and pine trees. It is a famous resort in Europe. Half of the trees are infected with dieback disease and their leaves turn yellow and brown, and 460,000 acres of it are completely die. Hamburg also has 3/4 of its trees facing death. At that time, bare trees, dead birds, and dead bees could be seen everywhere in the forests of the Ruhr industrial area. Tens of thousands of children in the area were infected with special laryngitis every year.
The Pain of the Smog City - the London Smog Incident of 1952
The most far-reaching air pollution incident in history
Compared with the situation in 1952, today Today's London is a clean city. At that time, London had coal-fired power plants and many factories not far from the city centre. Most homes burned coal for heating, and coal-powered steam locomotives pulled trains into the capital. There are few controls on the exhaust produced by cars and trucks. Carbon, sulfur compounds and other chemical fumes from all of these sources fill the air. In foggy weather conditions, the compounds mix with the fog, creating a highly polluting "smog" blanket. That's what happened on December 5, 1952, when a huge fog cloud descended on London.
The fog clouds hung over the city for five days, gradually becoming dirtier and more toxic. The amount of smog in the air in central London has increased almost 10 times. The smoke left thousands of victims suffering from bronchitis, asthma and other diseases affecting the lungs. Finally, by the time the smoke cleared on December 10, an estimated 4,000 people, mostly elderly, had died, and more than 8,000 more died within two months.
Aswan Dam
The Aswan Dam is a high dam built across the Nile River in the desert area of ??southern Egypt. It was built in 1970 at a cost of approximately US$1.5 billion. The volume of the dam is equivalent to 17 times that of the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the largest in the world. It is still one of the seven largest dams in the world. According to the original intention, the reservoir formed after the high dam intercepts the flow can be used for flood control, irrigation, power generation, shipping and fish farming. It should be a project with significant comprehensive benefits. In order to build this project, the Egyptian government spent huge sums of money.
Over the past 20 years since its completion, the role and impact of the Aswan High Dam have aroused widespread controversy among experts from all over the world. On the one hand, it has produced great benefits in terms of flood control, irrigation, power generation, shipping and breeding; on the other hand, the dam has improved the ecological environment of Egypt's mother river (almost all major cities in Egypt are located along the Nile River) - the Nile River. The environment has undergone major changes, which has brought about a series of serious problems that are difficult to cope with, and even posed a threat to the country's industrial and agricultural production and the national economy. Soon after the dam was built, it was "discovered" that because the Aswan High Dam is located in a desert area with extremely strong evaporation, the wide water surface after the dam impounded water caused a large amount of water resources to be wasted due to evaporation. The water level of the Nasser Reservoir dropped, which not only affected The power generation also reduces the irrigated area, causing the economic benefits of the dam to decline rapidly. The impact of the dam on the ecological environment is particularly profound: historically, the silt brought out by the annual flooding of the Nile River provided rich natural fertilizers for the land along the coast.
After the completion of the Aswan Dam, flood disasters in the lower reaches have indeed been reduced, but the fertile silt has also lost the opportunity to benefit both sides of the bank, causing widespread crop failure in the lower reaches; due to the large amount of organic matter entrained The sediment settled in front of the dam, reducing the water quality and nutrients in the estuary. The famous estuary fish farm formed where the Nile River merges into the Mediterranean Sea was seriously degraded, and the fishery catch dropped significantly. In addition, the dam also caused waterlogging in the upstream and downstream The problem of land salinization; many traditional and valuable migratory fish species in the Nile River have been completely destroyed.
Taken together, the benefits of the dam project on agriculture are negative, and the impact on the ecological environment and species is "this hatred will last forever."