Author Chao Huang? the Tang Dynasty

Waiting for September 8 of the lunar autumn,

Blooming chrysanthemums are in full bloom, Chang 'an is fragrant, the city is bathed in the fragrance of chrysanthemums-Italy, and the land is like golden chrysanthemums.

Vernacular translation:

When the Double Ninth Festival comes in autumn and September, chrysanthemums will bloom and other flowers will wither.

The blooming chrysanthemums are dazzling and the fragrance permeates Chang 'an. The whole city is bathed in fragrant chrysanthemums, and there are golden chrysanthemums like armor everywhere.

According to the records of this poem quoted in Lang Ying's Seven Manuscripts in Ming Dynasty, this poem was written by Huang Chao after his last visit. Before the uprising, Huang Chao went to the capital Chang 'an to take the imperial examination, but he was not admitted. The failure of the imperial examination, the darkness of the whole society and the corruption of official management made him more and more dissatisfied with the Li and Tang dynasties. After failing in the exam, his pride doubled. He expressed his ambition by chanting chrysanthemums and wrote this song "The Last Chrysanthemum".

Extended data

This poem gives Chrysanthemum a heroic style and noble character by metaphor, regards Chrysanthemum as a symbol of the oppressed people, and refers to the reactionary and decadent feudal ruling group with flowers, vividly showing the resolute and firm spirit of the peasant revolutionary leader. The whole poem is magnificent, with novel metaphor, strange imagination, magnificent artistic conception and magnificent spirit.

"Mancheng" means chrysanthemums everywhere, all over Kyoto; "Bring the capital" means that all chrysanthemums in Chang 'an are full of golden flowers without exception. The words "full" and "exhausted" describe the wonders when chrysanthemums win the world-the Double Ninth Festival, when chrysanthemums are in full bloom, and the whole Chang 'an has become the world of chrysanthemums, which fully shows the victory prospect of the peasant revolutionary storm destroying everything and the new life dominating everything.