1. The definition of benevolence advocated by Confucius is "self-denial", and "self-denial" means "benevolence". "gram" means restraint and restraint. "Self-denial" is to restrain and restrain one's thoughts, words and deeds. In the words that people often say, it is to purify the mind and promote positive energy.
2, benevolence, in fact, is the realm of Buddhist enlightenment, pure heart and seeing nature. Confucius then elaborated on the realm of "benevolence": "One day, self-denial will be reciprocated, and the world will belong to benevolence." Once you fully understand it, you will understand that there is no one in this world, everything is one, the whole world and the whole universe are all yourself.
3. Confucius' exposition of benevolence is that self-denial is benevolence. It means see no evil, don't listen to evil, don't say evil, don't move if you are evil. In fact, it is to advocate people to reconcile social contradictions with restraint and courtesy.
Political theory
The core content of Confucius' political thought is "courtesy" and "benevolence". In the general plan of governing the country, he advocated "governing the country by virtue", which is the noblest way to govern the country. This strategy of governing the country is also called "rule by virtue" or "rule by courtesy". This strategy applies morality and politeness to the people, strictly follows the hierarchical system, and divides nobles and civilians into rulers and ruled. Broke the original important boundary between nobles and civilians.
Confucius lived in Lu, which had a deep tradition of patriarchal clan system in the Western Zhou Dynasty. At this time, the ruling power of the Zhou Dynasty had existed in name only, and there were constant struggles among governors, resulting in the social reality of "losing the king, abolishing etiquette and righteousness, losing political power, and being at home in the world". "No monarch, no minister, no father and no son" became the characteristic of that era.
The intensification of social contradictions has hindered the development of productive forces, and people's spirit and beliefs have also been destroyed as never before. These isomorphisms have become the historical origin and social conditions of Confucius' political thought, and "benevolence" and "courtesy" are the basic spirits of his political thought.