1, the selection of materials is very important. The material itself is not vivid, lively, has no writing value or unique perspective, and it is difficult to write an article vividly.
2. Some pupils will only use narrative language to describe the words and deeds of characters and the ins and outs of things, but they will not describe them, that is, they will not use rich and vivid language and novel and appropriate rhetorical methods to describe things; Narrative language can make the scenes of characters clear, but it is not easy to write vividly. You can accumulate more vocabulary, look through the idiom dictionary every day, pay attention to collecting good words and sentences in the text, recite some classic fragments or chapters, and put the accumulation into practice consciously and pertinently when writing. Perseverance will definitely make great progress.
3. It is very important to have touching, shocking and shocking experiences in life and study, which will give you a unique and rich emotional experience. Grasp these feelings, and your composition will have true feelings, and true feelings are the most vivid.
2. Writing skills: How to write a composition vividly Teaching objectives: 1 Mastering the role of psychological description in the article 2. Mastering several methods of psychological description: direct description, lyrical monologue, dream description, expression of manner, performance of action, contrast of environment and illusion display 3. Learning to use psychological description to express the thoughts and feelings of characters in the composition. Teaching emphasis: 1.
2. Learn to use psychological description in writing to express the difficulties in the teaching of characters' thoughts and feelings. Appropriate use of psychological description to express characters' thoughts and feelings in writing: a class teaching process: 1. Introduce 1 to create situations and stimulate students' interest. When the bell rang, the teacher came into the classroom with a black bag and put it on the platform.
After the teachers and students greeted each other, the teacher said: The teacher guessed your doubts from the students' faces. Who can tell me what your doubts are? Why are there such doubts? The students all want to know what is in this bag, so I want them to guess. What do you think is in the teacher's bag? What do you want in the bag? Why? 2. The students said. 3. Students write.
Step 4 communicate with each other. The definition, function, purpose, matters needing attention and methods of learning psychological description. (1) The definition of psychological description is to describe the inner thoughts and emotional activities of the characters.
Describing a person's ideological activities can reflect his character and show his inner world. Therefore, psychological description is also one of the important means to portray characters' thoughts and personalities.
(2) Function and purpose: Through the description of the characters' psychology, we can directly go deep into the characters' hearts, reveal their inner world and express their rich and complicated thoughts and feelings. Objective: There are many ways for the author to portray characters, all of which are to show their spiritual world and personality characteristics.
So is the purpose of psychological description. Compared with portrait description and language description, psychological description can directly describe the secular desires of the characters, reveal the mysteries in the souls of the characters, reveal the inner feelings that are difficult to express only by external images, and make the characters in literary works three-dimensional, thus appearing more complete and true.
(3), note 1, psychological description to become an effective means of shaping characters, first of all, it is required to grasp the essential characteristics of characters, so that psychological description conforms to the logic of character development and becomes an organic part of showing characters in many ways and completing character shaping. Don't get excited, write with a pen, ignore the empty comments and sighs made by characters, and let psychological description become a burden.
2. Psychological description should be realistic and appropriate. Can't be subjective, can't expand indefinitely.
Too long and tedious psychological description will not only fail to achieve the real and touching purpose, but will be boring. Only when it is organically combined with various writing methods such as portrait description, action description and language description can it produce good results.
(4), description 1, direct description This is the most common and widely used psychological description of characters, and some sentences contain keywords such as "thinking" as obvious signs. The word "Xiang" appears before or after psychological activities.
After the word "Xiang", some are marked with "comma" and some with "colon". Example 1, "Push open the room, look at the floor where the figure is reflected, and then stop and hesitate:' Do you take off your shoes?' On second thought, I thought angrily, "I paid five dollars!" " I was no longer afraid of being dirty, so I swaggered in and sat in the plush chair:' Whatever, it's none of my business to sit flat. I paid five yuan.
The above-mentioned psychological description in Gao Xiaosheng's Chen Huansheng Uptown belongs to the direct description type, which describes Chen Huansheng's narrow and selfish small-scale peasant economic psychology very aptly. Example 2: "Ah Q was defeated in form. He was caught by the yellow braid and touched four or five heads on the wall. Idle people left contentedly. Ah Q stood for a while, thinking,' I was finally beaten by my son. This world is really disgraceful now …' So he left contentedly. "
-Lu Xun's "The True Story of Ah Q" is concise in its spiritual description, but it well reveals the personality characteristics of the characters and activates Ah Q's spiritual victory method. 2. Lyric Monologue, a method of portraying characters' psychology, is to express the contradictions and ideological struggles inside the characters with lyrical brushwork.
For example, "I thought as I ran: It seems difficult to escape. Throw away the rice and run, and the mountain is in a hurry to use food. I can't bear to throw it, even if I throw it, I may not be able to escape; Don't throw it away. If the enemy catches up, it will be empty and hungry.
What shall we do ... At this moment, Hong Qi followed me breathlessly. Listening to his panting voice, I suddenly thought of a way.
But when I think like this, I can't help shaking all over myself: Son, what a good son … What should I tell his mother? ..... But it's no good if you don't do it. Children are more important, and the revolutionary cause is more important! Maybe I can replace the child, but the child can't replace me! ..... "-Wang Yuanjian's" The Story of the Grain ",the psychological description is very successful.
With lyrical brushwork, the author wrote that "I" and my son Hong Qi were delivering food to the Red Army on the mountain and met the enemy on the way. In an extremely critical situation, should we sacrifice our son to protect our food or protect our son? The inner struggle of "I" is very intense, and my mood is extremely contradictory and complicated.
Finally, "I" resolutely sacrificed my son, so that the lofty quality of "I" got the best performance. 3, dream description This is a psychological description that some students are easy to ignore.
Dreams are the concentrated expression of people's thoughts, which can also reveal the personality characteristics of characters and deepen the theme of the article. There are generally more characters depicted in dreams. Let's choose a shorter one to explain it.
Baoyu was in a daze when Jiang Yuhan came in and told Zhongshun that he would take him. ":I saw Jin Chuaner come in and cry, saying that he was in love with him. Baoyu was half asleep and didn't care.
Suddenly I felt someone pushing him, and suddenly I heard someone sad. Baoyu woke up from his dream and opened his eyes. It was none other than Lin Daiyu. "
-Cao Xueqin's "Baoyu was beaten", the author described the dream. It not only reveals Baoyu's personality characteristics of loving his daughter, rebellious thoughts and democratic thoughts, but also reflects his low status in society at that time.
3. How to write a composition vividly? First, the characters should have personality. "Personality" means that the characters' language, actions and psychological activities should conform to their own personality logic, in other words, special attention should be paid to writing personality characteristics different from other characters. Engels said: "A character's character is not only reflected in what he does, but also in how he does it." Many people may have done the same thing, but they often differ in how to do it. If we can write this "difference" vividly and clearly, then the personality of the characters will be distinct.
For example, Lin Chong, Yang Zhi and Lu Da all did this, but in different ways. Lin chong used to be very relieved to go to court. Later, when his family was killed, Gao Yanei sent someone to kill him. Only then did he take revenge and be forced to rebel. Yang Zhi was bent on being an official and "made a fortune to protect his wife and children". As a result, he made every effort to compensate, and finally caught the gang. He lost the flower stone class first, and then the birth class, so he had to go to last stand, but he went to Liangshan. Only Lu Da took the initiative to go to Liangshan to save people. Because "how to do it, three people are completely different, so in this difference, there will be colorful buttocks with distinctive personality, and the image will naturally be distinct."
Second, create characters from multiple angles. People live in groups. In life, work and study, they will come into contact with all kinds of people, all kinds of environments and all kinds of situations. Even if you are in contact with a person and live in an environment or a situation, there will inevitably be changes before and after. If we can choose typical materials and describe a person in many ways and at many levels, the characters will not be "flat" but "three-dimensional". Can people with a "three-dimensional sense" not be vivid? Secondly, "multi-angle" can also be reflected in the method of describing characters. Appearance description, language description, action description, psychological description, detail description, etc. , are ways to write people from different sides. If these methods are used reasonably and comprehensively to shape characters, characters will stand out.
4. How can I write a vivid composition? First, carefully examine the topic, make clear the meaning of the topic, and carefully understand the requirements, key points and scope of the topic, which is the most critical first step to do a good job in composition. Second, determine the center and select materials. After defining the requirements, key points and scope of the topic, we must carefully recall the materials related to this topic, which things we are most familiar with, which are the most innovative, and what ideas we want to express. These are all memory materials. Determine the center. Once the center is defined, it is necessary to choose the materials that can best express the center around the center. Third, define the outline, the details, the center and the materials. After selecting the materials, you should make a writing plan. What to write first and what to write later must be in an order. What content is closely related to the center, you should write in detail, and what content has little to do with the center, you can skim and grade. Determine the details. The outline is like a drawing of a building. With good drawings, the building can be three-dimensional and beautiful. After the above three steps are completed, you can write a composition according to the outline. In this way, we can avoid improper selection of materials, irrelevant articles, or chaotic structure, or top-heavy, regardless of priorities, or even no central problems. There are often mistakes in writing too late and in the middle in exams. Therefore, the scoring rate of the composition to be tested is greatly reduced. However, if we can take some emergency measures, we can often win by surprise, save the defeat and relatively improve the performance of the composition to be tested. First, the replacement method is to slightly modify and replace the original model essay or written exercise in the structure of the article, or the relevant characters, or the theme expressed, or the arguments listed. Make it meet the test questions and requirements. This can not only save writing time, but also improve the quality of composition. Use it not only when writing time is insufficient, but also when writing time is sufficient. Second, direct substitution method. During the exam, because the first half of the basic questions took too much time, the second half of the writing questions were relatively urgent, and it was objectively not allowed to be carefully conceived. It is better to deviate from the proposition slightly and finish an article. Because the reviewers attach great importance to the integrity of the composition, at this juncture, they might as well directly replace the articles that are impressive and similar in content and style on weekdays. Third, make mistakes, make mistakes. When they take the composition test, sometimes they find that the article is off topic or off topic, but if they re-conceive, time is not enough. In this case, instead of writing half a paragraph, it is better to complete the whole chapter by making mistakes. Of course, we should also try our best to be far-fetched, piece together the fragments, work hard on deduction, analysis and summary, and work hard on lyricism and conclusion, which may make the article self-defeating and save the day. It's better to write an outline than just write a beginning or leave it blank. Of course, the outline should be as detailed and specific as possible, so that at least the reviewers can see the structure, theme and general content of the article, and if possible, the beginning and end should be added to give the reviewers a glimpse of literary talent. Fifth, leave an outline blank. When writing an exam composition, because there is no outline in advance, it is more common to write half of it. Most candidates often think hard. The more I think about it, the more I feel that time is pressing, and the more I think about it, the more I feel that I can't contact. At this time, it is better to leave a blank, write down what you have considered in your own thoughts until you have a clear idea and recall the content, or make up after the full text is completed. This is also the best policy of the article. Sixth, the rebate method. In any case, the deduction of points in the composition is extremely important, not to mention that the exam composition can't be finished. Especially necessary. For example, the title of the senior high school entrance examination in a certain city is "an unusual exam". Once you describe something and can't think of a better ending, you might as well end it with "what an unusual exam it is for me". With the end of such a deduction, the composition score may increase significantly. 7. Pay attention to the method of starting. Whether narrative or argumentative, if you can't find a better ending at the moment, you can take care of the beginning to write. Eight, make the finishing point. In narrative writing, proper exposition can often point out and deepen the theme, but when it is too late to end the composition, it is necessary to make relevant exposition to summarize the theme. This is not only a last resort, but also an emergency measure for Moon Jae in.
5. How can I write a vivid composition? 1. Carefully examine the topic and make clear the meaning of the topic.
A careful understanding of the requirements, main points and scope of the topic is the most critical first step in writing.
Second, determine the center and choose suitable materials.
After defining the requirements, key points and scope of the topic, we should carefully recall the materials related to this topic, what we are most familiar with and what ideas to express, that is, recall the materials and determine the center. If the center is clear, it is necessary to choose the material that best expresses the center around the center. This is around the center, choosing materials.
Third, make an outline and determine the details.
After determining the center and selecting the materials, you should make a writing plan. What to write first, then what to write, there must be an order. What content is closely related to the center, we should write it in detail, and what content is not closely related to the center, just write it briefly and prioritize it, without an outline and detailed description. An outline is like a drawing of a building. With good drawings, buildings can be strong and beautiful.
After the above three steps are completed, you can write a composition according to the outline. In this way, we can avoid the problems of improper selection of materials, irrelevant articles, chaotic structure, or top-heavy, regardless of priorities, or even no center.
In the exam, there are often cases where the composition is too late to be done, the composition gets stuck in the middle and the composition can't be finished, which greatly reduces the scoring rate of the composition to be tested. However, if we can take some emergency measures, we can often win by surprise, save the defeat and relatively improve the score of the composition to be tested.
First, the grafting method. It is to slightly modify and replace the original model essay or written exercise in the structure of the article, or the relevant figures, or the themes expressed, or the arguments listed, so as to make it conform to the propositions and requirements of the examination. This can not only save writing time, but also improve writing quality. Use it not only when writing time is insufficient, but also when writing time is sufficient.
Second, direct substitution method. In the exam, because the first half of the basic questions took too much time, the writing questions in the second half were in a hurry, so it was objectively not allowed to be carefully conceived. Instead of writing half, it is better to deviate slightly from the proposition and requirements of the exam composition. Because the reviewers attach great importance to the integrity of the composition, at this juncture, they might as well directly replace the articles that are impressive and similar in content and style on weekdays.
Third, the wrong way is wrong. When writing an exam, sometimes you will find that the article is off topic or off topic because of carelessness in the exam, but if you redesign it, there will not be enough time. In this case, instead of writing a few paragraphs in another way, it is better to complete the whole chapter by making mistakes. Of course, it is necessary to be as far-fetched as possible, put the pieces together, work hard on deduction, analysis and summary, and work hard on lyricism and conclusion, so that the article can be destroyed and saved.
Fourth, the method of compiling the outline. Sometimes during the exam, because I am busy attacking the basics and doing small compositions, there is not much time left for big compositions. No matter how fast it is, it is not enough. It's better to make an outline than just write a beginning or leave it blank. Of course, the outline should be as detailed and specific as possible, at least let the reviewers see the structure, theme and general content of the article, and if possible, fill in the beginning and end to give the reviewers a glimpse of literary talent.
Fifth, leave blank. When writing an exam composition, it is also common that you can't write it down because you don't make an outline in advance. Most candidates often think hard and bite their heads to be continued. The more I think about it, the more I feel that time is tight, and the more I think about it, the more I feel that I can't contact. At this time, it is better to leave blank, write down what you have considered in your own ideas first, and wait until the ideas are clear and the contents are recalled, or make up after the full text is completed, which is also the best policy for the article.
Six, rebate title method. In any case, the deduction of questions in the composition is extremely important, not to mention it is particularly necessary when the exam composition can't be finished. For example, in a city, the title of the senior high school entrance examination in a certain year is "an unusual exam". After describing a thing, once I can't think of a better ending, I might as well end it with "what an unusual exam this is for me." With the end of such a deduction, the composition score may rise sharply.
Seven, take care of the beginning method. Both narrative and argumentative essays pay more attention to the coordination of the beginning and the end. If the exam composition can't find a better ending, you can write it in a coordinated way at the beginning.
Eight, the finishing touch method. In narrative writing, proper discussion can often point out and deepen the theme, but when the exam-oriented composition is too late to end, it is necessary to carry out relevant discussions to summarize the topic. This is not only a last resort, but also an emergency measure.
6. How can I write a vivid composition? 1. Carefully examine the topic, clarify the meaning of the topic, and carefully understand the requirements, main points and scope of the topic. This is the most critical first step in writing.
Second, determine the center and choose suitable materials. After clarifying the requirements, key points and scope of the topic, we must carefully recall the materials related to this topic, what are the most familiar and innovative things for everyone, and what ideas to express. This is the memory material, determine the center. If the center is clear, it is necessary to choose the material that best expresses the center around the center.
This is around the center, choosing materials. Third, list the outline, determine the details and determine the center. After selecting the materials, you should make a writing plan. What to write first, then what to write, there must be an order.
What content is closely related to the center, we should write it in detail, and what content is not closely related to the center, just write it briefly and prioritize it, without an outline and detailed description. An outline is like a drawing of a building.
With good drawings, buildings can be strong and beautiful. After the above three steps are completed, you can write a composition according to the outline. In this way, we can avoid the problems of improper selection of materials, irrelevant articles, chaotic structure, or top-heavy, regardless of priorities, or even no center.
In the exam, there are often cases where the composition is too late to be done, the composition gets stuck in the middle and the composition can't be finished, which greatly reduces the scoring rate of the composition to be tested. However, if we can take some emergency measures, we can often win by surprise, save the defeat and relatively improve the score of the composition to be tested.
First, the grafting method. It is to slightly modify and replace the original model essay or written exercise in the structure of the article, or the relevant figures, or the themes expressed, or the arguments listed, so as to make it conform to the propositions and requirements of the examination.
This can not only save writing time, but also improve writing quality. Use it not only when writing time is insufficient, but also when writing time is sufficient. Second, direct substitution method.
In the exam, because the first half of the basic questions took too much time, the writing questions in the second half were in a hurry, so it was objectively not allowed to be carefully conceived. Instead of writing half, it is better to deviate slightly from the proposition and requirements of the exam composition.
Because the reviewers attach great importance to the integrity of the composition, at this juncture, they might as well directly replace the articles that are impressive and similar in content and style on weekdays. Third, the wrong way is wrong.
When writing an exam, sometimes you will find that the article is off topic or off topic because of carelessness in the exam, but if you redesign it, there will not be enough time. In this case, instead of writing a few paragraphs in another way, it is better to complete the whole chapter by making mistakes.
Of course, it is necessary to be as far-fetched as possible, put the pieces together, work hard on deduction, analysis and summary, and work hard on lyricism and conclusion, so that the article can be destroyed and saved. Fourth, the method of compiling the outline.
Sometimes during the exam, because I am busy attacking the basics and doing small compositions, there is not much time left for big compositions. No matter how fast it is, it is not enough. It's better to make an outline than just write a beginning or leave it blank. Of course, the outline should be as detailed and specific as possible, at least let the reviewers see the structure, theme and general content of the article, and if possible, fill in the beginning and end to give the reviewers a glimpse of literary talent.
Fifth, leave blank. When writing an exam composition, it is also common that you can't write it down because you don't make an outline in advance.
Most candidates often think hard and bite their heads to be continued. The more I think about it, the more I feel that time is tight, and the more I think about it, the more I feel that I can't contact. At this time, it is better to leave blank, write down what you have considered in your own ideas first, and wait until the ideas are clear and the contents are recalled, or make up after the full text is completed, which is also the best policy for the article.
Six, rebate title method. In any case, the deduction of questions in the composition is extremely important, not to mention it is particularly necessary when the exam composition can't be finished.
For example, in a city, the title of the senior high school entrance examination in a certain year is "an unusual exam". After describing a thing, once I can't think of a better ending, I might as well end it with "what an unusual exam this is for me." With the end of such a deduction, the composition score may rise sharply.
Seven, take care of the beginning method. Both narrative and argumentative essays pay more attention to the coordination of the beginning and the end. If the exam composition can't find a better ending, you can write it in a coordinated way at the beginning.
Eight, the finishing touch method. In narrative writing, proper discussion can often point out and deepen the theme, but when the exam-oriented composition is too late to end, it is necessary to carry out relevant discussions to summarize the topic.
This is not only a last resort, but also an emergency measure.
7. How to make your composition more vivid? The best way to make your composition vivid and concrete is to revise it repeatedly, but revision is not blind revision. There must be some way. After reading this, it may inspire you a little! 1. Famous words about article revision: 1. Articles are never tired of revision, and good sentences are repeatedly scrutinized. It is better to do good than to do good. 3. He Qifang: Throughout the ages, people who write well have probably worked hard on revision. 4. Ye Shengtao: It's a good habit to read things several times, revise them and count them again. It's not a pity. Second, the story about the revision of the article: 1. Bai Juyi's poems are easy to understand, even an illiterate old woman can understand them. One day, Bai Juyi read a well-written poem to her neighbor's old woman, who didn't understand it at first. Bai Juyi went back and carefully revised it, and then read it to her, but the old woman still didn't understand. 2. It is said that Wang Anshi, a famous litterateur in the Northern Song Dynasty in China and one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties", repeatedly revised the word "green" when writing a sentence in Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan, and changed "Yao", "Feng", "Yao", "Yao" and "Yao" to "green" until he was satisfied. There is a change of more than 160. Hamming 4. According to records, the great Russian writers Lev and Tolstoy revised their masterpiece War and Peace seven times. Anna karenin has been written for five years, and its opening part has been revised 20 times. Wei revised the end of A Farewell to Arms, that is, the last page, and was satisfied only after 39 revisions. Meticulousness: This is what we need to check the inner beauty. 2. Ask for advice with an open mind and listen to more opinions: "The authorities are fascinated, and the onlookers are clear." Students always have some preferences for their own works, but they don't want to delete them, and they always feel reluctant to give up. At this time, give them to your classmates, listen to their opinions with an open mind, let them find their own shortcomings and improve their writing level. 3. Back by yourself, not smooth. Delete if you don't like it. Students should revise their compositions. In addition to the above methods, they should also do the following: First, learn to refine words and sentences. I'll start with refining words and sentences. When writing a composition, words must be accurate and appropriate. When writing and revising a composition, we must scrutinize every word repeatedly. This is called refining words. Let's analyze a short sample to see which words need to be scrutinized. Practice: There is a small cupboard on the left, a small writing desk by the window and a small bookshelf next to the writing desk. There is nothing wrong with this passage. The room decoration is clearly written. But when I think about it, it takes four words in a paragraph, which makes the text monotonous and poor. If all three words except the first one are changed to (""). It is necessary to be concise in wording and sentence making. You can't write a beautiful article if you don't pass the mark. In fact, there is no famous writer at all times and all over the world who has not struggled in the face of difficulties in writing. In ancient China, there were legends such as "chanting a word, breaking a few hairs" and "fighting for a word, enduring the cold at night". Lao She, a modern writer, said, "We should try our best to tap the potential of language." All these tell us that if you want to write a good article, you have to work hard to temper your words. Second, learn to write vividly, which mainly means to write vividly and naturally, without being blunt or dry. There are many vivid ways of writing, such as metaphor, personification, parallelism and so on. Let's analyze an example and see how to make it more vivid. Example: Grass grows on the earth. Sunshine warms people and birds are singing. The poplar trees have green leaves, which indicates that spring has come. Modify 1, and change "grass grows on the earth" to "the earth is covered with a green coat". 2. Change "flowers in full bloom in the grass" to "flowers in the grass smile", and use anthropomorphic techniques to make the article more vivid. 3. "Birds Singing" uses anthropomorphic techniques, which makes people feel more vivid and vivid. Students, you can try it according to the above modification method. Exercise: Change the following sentences into anthropomorphic sentences or figurative sentences. 1 We came to the suburbs with laughter, and spring scenery appeared in front of us. We awakened spring. The wind blows the branches of the willow tree. The wind combed her soft hair. ) flow quickly to fields and villages. As soon as the floodgate is opened, water comes out of the ground, singing, flowing to fields, villages and people's hearts. When I grow up, I am determined to explore the mystery of the ocean. When I grow up, I am determined to unveil the mystery of the sea! The verbs such as "noisy", "combing", "flowing in" and "uncovering" here make the whole sentence and even the whole article shine at the moment, as if giving people a vivid feeling of seeing, hearing and seeing people and scenery. Spring has come, so has Miss Chun. She scattered green on the ground, and she scattered green on the ground. The grass straightened up and accepted the spring breeze. Xiaohua held her head high and accepted the baptism of the sun. This passage is just a poem sung to us by a young author. It is catchy and delicious to read, and it really gives people a certain sense of beauty. Recite the passage, snowflakes fall from the sky like thousands of flying white butterflies. We have fun on the playground. After a while, everyone became a snowman. Having played enough, the snowman stood in the snow and listened quietly. It turned out that the naughty little snowflake fell on my ear, as if whispering to me. These naughty boys hid in my hair for a while and kissed again for a while.