1. The famous mathematician Hua Luogeng applied to give lectures in the United States in 1946 and was highly regarded by the academic community. At that time, the University of Illinois in the United States signed a tenure-track professorship with him with an annual salary of US$10,000. .Hua

Luo Geng’s life suddenly became comfortable. Not only did he have a small foreign-style building, the university also specially equipped him with four assistants and a typist. After the founding of New China, some people always He thought that Hua Luogeng had become famous and lived a comfortable life in the United States and would never come back. However, material, money, and status could not fetter his patriotism. In February 1950, Hua Luogeng resolutely gave up In order to obtain the treatment of "professor" in the United States, he broke through the blockade and returned to his motherland. When passing through Hong Kong, he wrote an "Open Letter to the Students Studying in the United States" to express his enthusiasm for dedicating himself to the motherland. He He appealed passionately: "For the sake of the country and the nation, we should go back!" "Although Jincheng is happy, it is better to go back to my hometown; although Liangyuan is good, it is not a place to stay for a long time."

Main achievements: The founder and pioneer of analytic number theory in China

Quotation: Work until the last moment of life

2. The famous geologist Li Siguang was early

years He studied hard for six years at the University of Birmingham in the UK and obtained a master's degree in geology. His teacher, Professor Ballton, advised him to stay for further study and return to China after obtaining a doctorate. Li Siguang declined the teacher's kindness and replied: "No,

I want to contribute the knowledge I have learned to my motherland as soon as possible." In 1920, he returned to China to work until the Anti-Japanese War broke out in 1937. Later, he went abroad for a time and continued to study geology abroad. Work.

In 1950, he gave up the favorable conditions abroad and resolutely took a detour from the UK to return to China when New China was in dire straits. As the Minister of Geology of New China, he made outstanding contributions to China's petroleum industry.

Main achievements: Establishing the theory of geomechanics, getting rid of the "oil-poor" label for China, and contributing to the successful development of China's atomic and hydrogen bombs.

3. Fathers of China's "two bombs" After Deng Jiaxian received his doctorate in the United States, the United States wanted to provide him with good conditions and generous treatment, hoping that he could work in the United States for a long time. However, Deng Jiaxian did not sway him from returning because of his high-ranking official and generous salary

Determination to work for the motherland. In 1950, with the ambition of serving the country, he returned to the motherland and made outstanding contributions to the successful development of the "two bombs".

From the breakthrough and successful testing of the principles of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs, He has made significant contributions to its weaponization, to major theoretical breakthroughs and development tests of new nuclear weapons; as a major participant, his achievements have won the first prize of the National Natural Science Award

and the National Science and Technology Progress Award Special Prize; Deng Jiaxian is known as the "Father of China's Atomic Bomb".

4. Zhou Peiyuan, a famous contemporary Chinese physicist, was invited to participate in the U.S. Wartime Scientific Research and Development Administration in 1945

's research work. With the end of World War II, the U.S. Department of the Navy established the Naval Military Experiment Station, and hoped that Zhou Peiyuan would work at the station, with excellent salary. However, the Department of the Navy is a government department of the United States, and within the Department of the Navy Once you serve in your unit, you will become a civil servant of the U.S. government. Foreigners must become U.S. citizens to participate. Zhou Peiyuan immediately proposed three conditions to the U.S.: first, not to become U.S. citizens; second, only assume temporary duties. Third, he can leave at any time. In February 1947, Zhou Peiyuan resolutely left the United States with his wife and children and returned to the embrace of his motherland. Academic achievements: two fundamental theories of physics Important aspects include the study of the gravitational theory in Einstein's general relativity and the turbulence theory in fluid mechanics, which laid the foundation for the turbulence pattern theory; research and preliminary confirmation of the "coordinates" in the gravity theory of general relativity Important arguments about ".

5. Qian Sanqiang, the founder of China's atomic energy science

went to France to study atomic theory in 1937. He was considered by the younger Curies and his wife to be The best scientific researchers. In 1948, Qian Sanqiang and his wife He Zehui proposed to return to China, their mentors and colleagues

p>Everyone tried to persuade and persuade him to stay. The Kuomintang government’s ambassador to France viciously threatened: “It would be strange if he could get to the mainland!” The meaning was very clear. If Qian Sanqiang insisted on returning to the motherland, the Kuomintang agents would He would kill him halfway

Qian Sanqiang ignored his personal safety and risked his life and death. He and his wife held their daughter who was just six months old, and decisively and tactfully returned to the embrace of the motherland to contribute to the development of our country's atomic energy. He has made significant contributions to the cause and is known as China's

"Father of the Nuclear Bomb".

6. Qian Xuesen, known as the "Father of China's Modern Rockets", is a famous aerospace scientist An expert in engineering and aerodynamics. He studied in the United States in his early years. Under the guidance of Professor von Kármán, he made significant progress in rocket research

and made a significant contribution to the victory of anti-fascism. In 1947, Qian Xuesen, who was just 36 years old, was hired as a tenured professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States. The good news of the founding of New China reached Qian Xuesen. He thought: "I am a Chinese, I can give up my life here." Everything, but cannot give up the motherland. I should return to the motherland as soon as possible and contribute all my strength to the construction of New China." In order to serve the new and backward motherland

Qian Xuesen has been in the United States since 1950. His authorities formally applied to return to China. However, the U.S. authorities obstructed and persecuted him in every possible way. They confiscated Qian Xuesen's various materials and books, slandered him as a "spy", and interrogated and tortured him. He was imprisoned and kept on an isolated island for only half a month, causing him to lose 14 kilograms in weight. At that time, the US authorities claimed that as long as Qian Xuesen gave up the idea of ??returning to China, he would continue to be provided with experiments

However, Qian Xuesen would rather die than return to China and never gave in. After five years of hard struggle, with the warm care of Premier Zhou Enlai, Qian Xuesen embarked on the journey to return to China on September 17, 1955.

After returning to China, Qian Xuesen made immortal contributions to New China's aerospace industry, which leapt into the forefront of the world.

7. The famous mathematician Su Buqing studied in Japan in his early years and received a doctorate in 1931. Many prestigious universities in Japan hired him with high salary, but he thought that studying abroad was to master science and serve the motherland, so he declined them one by one and returned to China resolutely. After returning to China, he taught at Zhejiang University, where he taught continuously He had not been paid for four months and was so poor that he had difficulty eating. At that time, the Imperial University of Japan promised to keep his salary for half a year. Patriotism cannot be shaken by poverty, and Su Buqing had no intention of going to Japan again. Italy. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the Japanese Imperial University sent another telegram, inviting him to teach. Out of national justice, he refused: "I want to stay in my motherland. No matter how poor the motherland is, , I also want to fight for her and serve her!"

8. In order to support the Anti-Japanese War

in his early years, Chinese nuclear physicist Wang Ganchang drove out the Japanese invaders as soon as possible. He dedicated all the silver and jewelry he had saved at home to the motherland. In 1961, when there was a serious natural disaster in the country and money was in short supply, Wang Ganchang, who was in the Soviet Union, donated his money to the motherland. The 140,000 rubles (approximately RMB 20,000 to 30,000) saved by frugality were handed over to the Chinese Embassy in Soviet Union for donation to the motherland and people. In 1982, Wang Ganchang won the first prize in the National Natural Science Award.

All 3,000 yuan from the award was donated to primary schools.

Main achievements: The main founder and pioneer of China's experimental nuclear physics, cosmic ray and elementary particle physics research, internationally Enjoys a high reputation.

He is known as the "Father of China's Nuclear Weapons" and "The Father of China's Atomic Bomb". During his 70-year scientific research career, he worked hard and achieved a number of scientific achievements that attracted world attention. Achievements. At 21:48 on December 10, 1998

Wang Ganchang died of illness in Beijing at the age of 91.