Zhou Enlai's information

Zhou Enlai

Born on March 5th, 1898, Yu Xiang. Nickname, chaos. Used to be Feifei, Wu Hao, Shaoshan, Guan Sheng, etc. Originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang, I was born in Huai 'an, Jiangsu.

19 13 entered Tianjin Nankai Middle School.

19 17 Studying in Japan.

1965438+returned to China in 2009. Participated in the May 4th Movement in Tianjin, organized the Enlightenment Society, and engaged in anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolutionary activities.

1922 joined the China * * * production party (introduced by Zhang Shenfu and others), served as the European branch secretary of the China Socialist Youth League, participated in the leadership of the European branch of China * * *, and played an important role in the early party building and league building.

/kloc-0 returned from Paris in August, 1924, and served as the director of the political department of Huangpu Military Academy, the director of the political department of the First Army of the National Revolutionary Army, the chairman, standing committee member and minister of Guangdong and Guangxi Military Departments, and presided over the establishment of the revolutionary armed Ye Ting Independent Regiment under the direct leadership of the Party.

1February 925 and 10/October, led the first and second expeditions to the east, and made great contributions to consolidating and developing Guangdong revolutionary base areas and carrying out the northern expedition.

1926 taught military courses in Guangzhou peasant movement workshop, and went to Shanghai in the winter of the same year as secretary of the Central Military Commission and secretary of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Military Commissions.

March 1927 led Shanghai workers to win the third armed uprising; In August, he led the Nanchang Uprising, fired the first shot at the Kuomintang reactionaries, made important contributions to the founding of the People's Army, and served as secretary of the former enemy committee of China. In the same month, he was elected as Alternate member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee at the August 7th meeting.

1928 attended the sixth national congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), where he gave a report on military and organizational issues. After that, he insisted on underground work in Shanghai, served as director of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and secretary of the Central Military Commission, and published Resolutely Eliminating All Non-proletarian Consciousness in the Party and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's Instruction Letter to the Front Committee of the Fourth Front Army.

193 1 12 after entering the central revolutionary base area, he served as secretary of the c.o. of the central Soviet area, general political commissar of the Chinese workers and peasants red army and political commissar of the first army, and vice chairman of the central revolutionary military commission.

1in the spring of 933, together with Zhu De, he led and commanded the fourth war against "encirclement and suppression" and won a great victory.

At Zunyi Conference, he firmly supported Mao Zedong's correct line and played a very important role in establishing Mao Zedong's leading position in the whole party. After the Zunyi meeting, he still served as the vice chairman of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission and a member of the three-member Central Military Command Group.

1936 1936 In February, he was appointed as the plenipotentiary of Zhong * * * and went to Ann to negotiate with the arrested Chiang Kai-shek, thus peacefully resolving the An Incident. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, he served as the representative of the Central Committee and secretary of the Nanfang Bureau, and served as the deputy director of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the Kuomintang government. He worked for the party and the United front in Wuhan and Chongqing, where the Kuomintang government was located.

1in August, 945, he and Mao Zedong went to Chongqing to negotiate with the Kuomintang. After the signing of the agreement on October 10th, he led a delegation to stay in Chongqing and Nanjing.

1946165438+10 returned to Yan 'an from Nanjing.

1in March, 947, when the Kuomintang troops attacked the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region, they moved to northern Shaanxi. In August of the same year, he served as vice chairman and acting chief of staff of the Central Military Commission.

1September, 948, participated in the three major battles of Liaoshen, Ping Jin and Huaihai. In the same year 10, he served as the vice chairman and chief of staff of the Central Military Commission, 165438, and made immortal contributions in overthrowing the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang, seizing political power by force, and creating a new socialist China.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as Prime Minister, Foreign Minister (concurrently), Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission, Vice Chairman of the First China People's Political Consultative Conference, and Chairman of the Second and Third Sessions. He is a member of the Fifth Central Committee, a member of the Sixth to Tenth the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, a secretary of the Sixth and Seventh Central Secretariat, a member of the Standing Committee of the Eighth to Tenth Political Bureau of the Central Committee, a vice-chairman of the Eighth and Tenth Central Committees and a representative of the First to Fourth National People's Congress.

When dealing with the daily affairs of the party and the country, he worked with Mao Zedong to formulate the line, principles and policies of the party's socialist construction; He personally presided over the formulation and implementation of several five-year plans for the development of the national economy. 1960 put forward the policy of adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement, and adopted a series of measures to restore and develop the national economy smoothly. It also points out that the vast majority of intellectuals in China are intellectuals of working people, and science and technology play a key role in China's modernization and are of great significance to socialist construction. In international affairs, he participated in formulating and personally implementing major diplomatic decisions, put forward a series of specific principles and policies for diplomatic work, and creatively implemented the party's revolutionary diplomatic line. 1954, he advocated the famous five principles of peace. 1In April, 955, he led a delegation from China to attend the first Asian-African Conference, which contributed to the adoption of the Ten Principles of the Bandung Conference based on the Five Principles of Peace. 196 1 attended the 22nd Congress of the Soviet Union and fought resolutely against Khrushchev's act of splitting the international capitalist movement. During the Cultural Revolution, he took care of the overall situation and worked hard. In order to continue the normal work of the party and the state, he tried his best to reduce losses, protect a large number of cadres inside and outside the party, and waged various forms of struggle against the conspiracy of Lin Biao and Jiang Qing's counter-revolutionary clique. At the Fourth National People's Congress, on behalf of the Party, he put forward a grand plan to realize the modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense and science and technology in an all-round way in this century and make China's national economy walk in the forefront of the world. 1972 He has been working since he was ill.

1976 65438+ died in Beijing on1October 8th at the age of 77.

Zhou Enlai

Born on March 5th, 1898, Yu Xiang. Nickname, chaos. Used to be Feifei, Wu Hao, Shaoshan, Guan Sheng, etc. Originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang, I was born in Huai 'an, Jiangsu.

19 13 entered Tianjin Nankai Middle School.

19 17 Studying in Japan.

1965438+returned to China in 2009. Participated in the May 4th Movement in Tianjin, organized the Enlightenment Society, and engaged in anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolutionary activities.

1920 to 1924 went to France and Germany to work and study, promoted Marxism among China students and European workers, and initiated the organization of the China Youth Production Party (later renamed the China Socialist Youth League).

1in the spring of 933, together with Zhu De, he led and commanded the fourth war against "encirclement and suppression" and won a great victory.

1in August, 945, he and Mao Zedong went to Chongqing to negotiate with the Kuomintang. After the signing of the agreement on October 10th, he led a delegation to stay in Chongqing and Nanjing.

1946165438+10 returned to Yan 'an from Nanjing.

1976 65438+ died in Beijing on1October 8th at the age of 77.

1976 65438+1On October 8th, Zhou Enlai passed away, and flags were flown at half-mast in front of the United Nations headquarters in new york, USA. Since the founding of the United Nations, many heads of state in the world have passed away, and the United Nations has never lowered the flag at half mast for anyone. Some countries feel aggrieved, and their diplomats gather in the square in front of the gate of the United Nations and angrily question the United Nations Headquarters: Our head of state is dead, the flag of the United Nations is raised so high, and the Prime Minister of China is dead. Why did you lower the flag at half mast for him? At that time, UN Secretary-General waldheim stood up and made a very short speech on the steps in front of the UN building, which lasted only one minute. He said: "In memory of Zhou Enlai, the United Nations will fly flags at half mast. This is my decision for two reasons. First, China is an ancient civilization with countless treasures. She uses more RMB than we can count. But her Premier Zhou doesn't have a penny in deposit! Second, China has a population of 1 100 million, accounting for14 of the world's population, but her Prime Minister's Week had no children. If the head of state of any country can do one of them, the headquarters will still lower the flag at half mast for him on the day of his death. " After that, he turned to leave, and the diplomats in the square were speechless, followed by thunderous applause. "

First of all, this story tells readers that there is no precedent for the United Nations to fly the flag at half-mast in memory of Premier Zhou Enlai. Only under the premise of "making an exception and lowering the flag at half mast" will there be a wonderful speech later. The storyteller may want to prove that Zhou Enlai enjoys a high international honor and his personality is extraordinary.

Unfortunately, this is not the case. The United Nations flag was flown at half-mast in Zhou Enlai, which was no exception. 1947, the United Nations formulated a Flag code (flag

Code). Among them, it is stipulated that when the head of state or government of a member state dies, the flag at new york Headquarters and Geneva Office must be lowered at half mast for one day. Therefore, it is only routine to fly the flag at half-mast for Zhou Enlai in June1976+1October.

Without making an exception, the following story is ridiculous. I have never heard of any country's diplomatic envoys to the United Nations "talking angrily" for their daily work. If there are such diplomats who don't understand the basic rules of the United Nations, they should feel "ashamed" rather than "angry". Of course, there is no need for the Secretary-General to make a special explanation.

The "extremely short speech" fabricated by the Secretary-General and its dramatic effect are very problematic in itself. Stubbornly selling the feelings with China characteristics to foreigners and inventing an "old branch secretary"-style UN Secretary-General.

Zhou Enlai lives frugally, which has been proved by many people. But there is no document telling us the balance of Zhou Enlai's bank account when he died. China has no system of disclosing the personal property of state leaders. The United Nations has never asked member countries to report the income of their national leaders. The Secretary-General has no access to Zhou Enlai's personal financial situation. How can he just say how much his deposit is?

"No savings, no children" was indeed one of the reasons why China people loved and mourned their Prime Minister at that time. In line with the national conditions of China at that time. At that time, China was in a state of fierce revolution. People who are down and out in the revolution and whose families have suffered losses are considered firm. There is no doubt about it. But outside China, where human nature has never been extinct, it is not necessarily equally admirable. In particular, childlessness is regarded as a kind of regret in life and has no meaning of "revolutionary virtue". Foreign friends who really respect and care about Zhou Enlai don't want to talk about it. Especially in mourning occasions, it should not be mentioned. However, this story made Secretary-General waldheim praise this situation with great fanfare, and seemed to encourage other leaders to learn: "If the head of any country can do one of them, ..." and so on. I would like to ask this "Secretary-General": Is it a good thing to "teach no class"? How are you going to make national leaders who already have children "do this" to win respect? Say such a thing, where is the "secretary-general", is clearly the China folk old risk.

It is not surprising that this kind of story is circulated among the "broad masses of workers, peasants and soldiers". If you don't understand the situation abroad, you will inevitably put your thinking habits on foreigners. Strangely, a former UN official named Wu Miaofa said the same thing. And his process of "recalling" this story is also very strange. In the 1990s, he published several books on Joe and the United Nations, either alone or in cooperation with others. In at least two books, he recorded the United Nations mourning for Zhou Enlai. None of them mentioned the above story. Only the "China Delegation Resident" lowered its flag at half mast and set up a mourning hall for diplomats from all over the world to pay their condolences. There is no such thing as lowering the flag at United Nations Headquarters and "thunderous applause" in the square.

But in June 2002, he suddenly made up this story. The article was published in People's Daily on June 8, 65438. He claimed that "this is a rare thing since the founding of the United Nations more than 50 years ago". There is also a nose and eyes: "I stood in the United Nations Square and listened to the touching and meaningful speech of Secretary-General waldheim." This is amazing. How can Mr. Wu, who has worked in the United Nations for many years, not know the United Nations Flag Code and Rules? During 1976, all the newspapers and periodicals in China, including Chairman Mao, said that China had a population of 800 million. How did Mr. Wu "listen" to the Secretary-General's advanced statistics "China's population is 654.38 billion +0 billion"? Many people in China have been sent to the United Nations. Why didn't others see it? Why is Mr. Wu the only one who has seen such a "rare thing"? Why did he have to hold back this "rare thing" for so many years before he said it?

I didn't know about Wu's reckless and irresponsible habits until I read an article criticized by China's diplomat to the United Nations. Zong pointed out that there were many mistakes, plagiarism and fabrications in the three books about Joe and the United Nations. For example, the photo of Zhou Enlai meeting with waldheim was described as "the historic moment of US President Nixon's visit to China". He plagiarized Xiong Xianghui and others' books for a long time, polishing the leaders' speeches. He even described Lin Biao's reading of the 520 statement as "Chairman Mao's loud voice and firm tone infected everyone present." Wait a minute. Zong had no choice but to persuade: "You must know that you can't copy your creations and you can't fabricate historical works. This is a routine, not demanding. "

Turned out to be such an irresponsible author. The credibility of its story can be imagined. Fabricate the plot and "remember the great man" with fake stories. This practice will not bring honor, but will add embarrassment to Zhou.

By the way, in order to prove who is great, make up stories about how foreigners admire him. This kind of thing is not uncommon in China. In a country that claims to hate "self-respect", this is somewhat ironic.

Zhou Enlai was the first person in the history of China who proposed not to leave ashes after death. The death of the Prime Minister was the day when the political situation in China changed. Lin Biao Group has just been smashed, and Jiang Qing's Gang of Four is still complacent. The dark clouds hanging over China hang over the city, and people are deeply worried. 1976 just after the new year, on a cold morning, funeral music suddenly came out on the radio. With tears in their eyes, people watched the simple farewell ceremony of the body over and over again on TV. Suddenly, Jiang Qing's disgusting face appeared. She didn't take off her hat and bow. Many TV sets roared: Jiang Qing took off his hat! A few days later, the newspaper announced that Babaoshan was cremated. According to the will of the Prime Minister, no ashes were left. Many people don't believe this fact. Jiang Qing must be up to something. It was not until many years later that we realized that this was indeed the last wish of the Prime Minister. 65438+ 10 65438+After the memorial service on the afternoon of May 5, Deng called his family together and said that the Prime Minister had agreed with her more than ten years ago not to leave ashes after death. Dust in the soil can fertilize the fields. In the evening, I asked several members of Premier Deng's party group to help him. An agricultural plane took off on a cold night in Beijing and flew to Tianjin, the place where the Prime Minister lived as a teenager and took part in the revolution at the earliest. It flew all the way along Bohai Bay to the Yellow River Estuary, turning handfuls of silver-gray powder into the sea. Perhaps this is the case, the soul of the Prime Minister will always fill the world and penetrate the heavens and the earth.

But people still can't accept this fact. Many years later, some people still ask, is it true that the ashes of the Prime Minister have not been left at all? China people and most ethnic groups in the world are used to repairing tombs. For the living, it is rainy, but for the dead, it is to hope that they will stay in the world. The more powerful people have been for thousands of years, the harder it is to do it. I have seen many world-famous tombs, the Ming Tombs in China, the Taj Mahal in India, the pyramids in Egypt and some cathedrals where priests are buried. * * * The producer is atheistic and takes the liberation of all mankind as his own responsibility. Of course, it won't spend a lot of money on its own funeral. So after liberation, Mao Zedong took the lead in signing cremation to save arable land, but this was the first time that Zhou Enlai didn't even leave ashes. Isn't it just to keep ashes as a souvenir to see a Babaoshan? How many famous people in history have to build monuments for them even if they die? At Mr Lao She's memorial service, there was a pair of glasses and a pen in the urn. There should be a memorial to the deceased and an introduction.

There are no ashes, of course, there is no place to bury the ashes, and there will be no monuments and tombs. Want to cry without tears, want to sacrifice without monuments, where is the soul? Where can I send infinite grief? There are many famous works in the history of Chinese and foreign literature, all of which are inscriptions, epitaphs and mourning works in front of celebrities' graves, and many of them show passionate feelings and eternal principles. For example, in the epitaph written by Han Yu for Liu Zongyuan, he shouted: "Poverty is honesty", and Du Fu lamented in Zhuge Liang Temple: "But he failed to conquer and died, and the hero cried from now on", which have become famous sayings throughout the ages. In the Ming Dynasty, Jaco's famous "Tomb of Five" was just a declaration of justice and evil. Even Marx, an unprecedented great man, had a cemetery after his death, and Engels' speech at his grave was also selected into Selected Works of Marx and Engels, which became an important document of the international movement. The image of Marx is also more brilliant because of this article. Building tombs and monuments for great men has become a cultural tradition in China and a habit of China people. Look between the lines of famous mountains and rivers, streets and villages, famous and unknown tombs, monuments, temples, shrines, inscriptions, records, and records of local governments. So people can't help but give birth to a little speculation. Some say that they should be the prime minister. Seeing that the Gang of Four is rampant and the political situation is repeated, they don't want Wu Zixu to whip the body behind their backs; Some people say that the Prime Minister is thrifty and unwilling to spend more money for the country for his own funeral, but I think his main thing is to ask for a clean funeral. Try your best before death, leaving no future trouble after death. He is a person who only talks about dedication, turns around and leaves after dedication, and does not ask for any commemorative return or incense return. Maybe there is another meaning. With his selfless proletarian and loyalty to China's traditional culture, he is even more unwilling to see any whining of "trespassing" behind him, or there may be some political gap. Sure enough, the first Zhou Enlai Monument was built in Japan, not in China. The first memorial hall was not built in Beijing, but in his hometown. The Japanese Monument is a natural stone engraved with Lanshan in the Rain when he was studying in Japan. 1994 When I went to Japan, I went to Sakura to find this poem tablet. I caressed the stone with both hands and looked at Chang 'an in the west, but I didn't feel tears. An Englishman who once turned the world upside down, a prime minister who left a Republic for the nation, did not even leave any ashes. This strong contrast makes people feel that their hearts are as empty as falling into thousands of feet.

Zhou Enlai (1898 ~ 1976), whose real name is Yu Xiang, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Proletarian revolutionary, politician, strategist and diplomat in China, the main leader of China Production Party and People's Republic of China (PRC), and one of the founders of China People's Liberation Army. 1965438+After graduating from Tianjin Nankai School in 2007, I studied in Japan. 1965438+returned to China in 2009. During the May 4th Movement, the Enlightenment Society was organized in Tianjin to engage in anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolutionary activities. 1920 went to France to work and study, and initiated the organization of China Youth Production Party in Europe. 192 1 joined the China * * * production party, and successively served as secretary of the European Youth League branch and leader of the China * * * European branch. 1924 returned to China. August 1927, 1 led Nanchang Uprising. 1949 since the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he has served as the prime minister of the government and concurrently as the foreign minister, and served as the vice-chairman and chairman of the People's Political Consultative Conference in China and chairman of the Central Military Commission, China. He is the secretary of the Secretariat of the Fifth members of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, the Sixth The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), the Seventh members of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the Vice Chairman of the Ninth The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), Eighth and Tenth Central Committees in the Communist Party of China (CPC).

Born on March 5th, 1898, Yu Xiang. Nickname, chaos. Used to be Feifei, Wu Hao, Shaoshan, Guan Sheng, etc. Originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang, I was born in Huai 'an, Jiangsu. Sunshine and Small Scenery —— Jingtai Primary School Network Interactive Platform

19 10 summer, 12-year-old Zhou Enlai followed his uncle to Fengtian in the northeast. He first studied in Tieling Yin Gang Academy for half a year, and then transferred to Fengtian Kanto Model School.

Once, the teacher asked the students to answer the question "Why study". Some say "reading is a gift", some say "reading is a pride", and another student says "reading helps his father keep accounts", which makes everyone laugh. When the teacher asked Zhou Enlai, he stood up and answered loudly and seriously: "Studying for the rise of China." It fully expressed the grand ambition of young Zhou Enlai to study hard for the independence and prosperity of the motherland.

19 12 10, Kanto Model School held a grand commemorative meeting for its second anniversary. At that time, 14-year-old Zhou Enlai was deeply moved and wrote an essay on the occasion of the second anniversary of the establishment of Kanto Model School. He clearly wrote in the article: "Students should take' the arduous responsibility of the country in the future' as their own responsibility. This excellent composition was included in the book "China Achievements of Fengtian Educational Products Exhibition".

Later, Zhou Enlai transferred to Tianjin Nankai Middle School. He and his classmates started the organization "Respect for Work and Music Club". He published many poems and articles in Dedication magazine. One of the poems wrote: "Have a taste of courage in times of crisis, and dare to rest your shoulders in times of war for morality?" He expressed his feelings of worrying about the country and the people, and expressed his lofty ideal of determining the revolution to the end.

19 13 entered Tianjin Nankai Middle School.

19 17, Zhou Enlai, 19 years old, traveled across the ocean to study in Japan in order to seek the truth of saving the country and the people. When he left, he gave his classmates a poem and wrote: "When we turned around when singing Song of the Great River, we knew that Fu Qun would help the poor. Ten years of breaking the wall, it is difficult to pay for the sea and it is difficult to be a hero. " It shows that he is determined to study social science, save the nation from extinction, and transform the society at that time with the spirit of hard struggle of the ancients for ten years. Even if his ambition is hard to pay and he is buried in the sea, he is worthy of being a son and daughter of China, which fully shows his great ambition when he was young. This is the mode of studying for the rise of China. In fact, revolutionaries and scholars of that era probably had such determination and sense of historical mission. It's just that Premier Zhou's statement is a teenager's statement, which is well documented, and his life can prove it better. I think such a speech should not only review history, but also ask us the purpose of studying today. For personal achievement, family and life, yes, but boys should have a sense of mission of the country and the nation, because the rise of the Chinese nation is a long and arduous process, which may take hundreds of years and has a long way to go.

1965438+returned to China in 2009. Participated in the May 4th Movement in Tianjin, organized the Enlightenment Society, and engaged in anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolutionary activities. Little Sunshine-Jingtai Primary School Network Interactive Platform TN"Gh|w

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