1. How to encourage college students to start businesses abroad?

At present, the level of private equity financing in the UK is very high. Its private equity market is the most developed, providing about 38% of venture capital funds every year, providing a steady stream of funds for college students to establish technology companies. "Selling" Ideas The "Entrepreneurship Plan" competition among American college students is a successful model. It allows participating college students to write a business feasibility report on a new product or service with market prospects, and celebrities from academia and business circles serve as judges. , choose the winner. Feasibility reports in the corporate world can ultimately lead to venture capital funding. Entrepreneurship programs have a long history in American universities. Since the 1983 University of Texas Olympus Competition, more than 20 universities in the United States, including world-class universities, have held this competition every year. Yahoo, Excite, Netscape and other companies were born in the entrepreneurial atmosphere of Stanford campus. The "$50,000 Business Plan Competition" of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States has a history of 19 years and has a huge impact. According to Tongjia High-tech Company, there are 46 industry plan competitions. Six new companies were born in 1999, and a considerable number of them were directly incubated by nearby high-tech enterprises through the "Entrepreneurship Plan" and grew into dozens of batches of entrepreneurs with an annual turnover. They were trained and trained in the competition. growing up. Venture capitalists are technical leaders, and most of the students who win the competition will become high-tech students in the United States in the future. What kind of college students' entrepreneurial plans can attract such students? Education experts believe that it is this "creating entrepreneurial opportunities for young students" that is a famous American university. It has many successful alumni in society. Every year when the school holds an entrepreneurial program, it invites previous alumni to support and let them help. The popularity of famous schools can attract a large number of investors to participate in activities. These universities are fully aware of this. , they vigorously promote their entrepreneurial planning activities and actively send invitations to outstanding fund investors, venture capital firms and consulting companies, bringing more opportunities to college students. What college students worry about most when starting a business is the risk. If funds are invested. What to do if you go in and lose everything in the end? How to help college students avoid risks and improve entrepreneurship insurance provides a feasible model for reference. Before the Asian financial crisis in 1997, Korean college students were not willing to accept " With the idea of ????"self-employment", what many college students desire most after graduation is to enter a large company that looks good. However, the Korean government spent three years to let the four words "innovation and entrepreneurship" penetrate into the hearts of Korean college students. 2000 In 2017, a survey by South Korea's JobKorea job search website showed that college graduates preparing to start ventures accounted for 52.4% of the total number of graduates; 71% of Korean youths wanted to start their own businesses. This number ranked first in the world that year among Korean college students. , is related to the high success rate of Korean college students' entrepreneurship. From 1998 to 2001, Korean entrepreneurship doubled every year. They not only penetrated into cutting-edge fields such as IT, but were also active in traditional manufacturing and agriculture. . During the Asian financial crisis in 1997, Korean college students faced employment difficulties. The Korean government recognized that in order to solve the employment problem of college students, it was necessary to encourage college students to start their own businesses. However, South Korea has long had the disadvantage of being monopolized by large companies: Korean business managers and finance. Companies are pursuing economies of scale, pursuing huge investments, and pursuing becoming super-large enterprise groups. From the early 1960s to the 1980s, the rapid development of large enterprise groups was the main symbol of South Korea's economic take-off. The excessive pursuit of "efficiencies of scale" has resulted in the over-strengthening of the market position of large enterprises. Therefore, it is difficult for new and relatively weak enterprises to enter the market controlled by oligarchs. It is even more difficult for college student start-ups to enter the market. Korean college students have extremely low entrepreneurial enthusiasm. In order to change college students’ employment concepts and stimulate their enthusiasm for entrepreneurship, the Korean government has taken many measures to protect and encourage college students to start their own businesses. Among various encouragement measures, the most direct effect is the establishment of university-centered “entrepreneurship support centers.” The policy of "strict entry and easy exit" is implemented here.

3. What are the preferential policies for college students to start their own businesses?

Hello, you will know if you read more national news. There are really too many preferential policies for college students, so look for them carefully. Oh,

4. Briefly describe the content of Korean college student entrepreneurship policies?

The Korean government has used the experience accumulated since the Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s to try to turn the employment pressure of college students into entrepreneurial motivation.

Students’ Concepts

From competing for companies to starting their own businesses

According to South Korea’s "Central Daily News", a survey of 2,917 Korean college students conducted at the beginning of this year showed that, 28% of the respondents said they would give up employment and choose to start their own business. A questionnaire survey of 10,000 college students conducted by a Korean venture company showed that more than half of the college students chose to start a business because of "high income" and "being inspired by successful people". Only 5.4% of those who "started a business for a living".

Korean college students are so confident in entrepreneurship, which is not unrelated to the high success rate of Korean college students' entrepreneurship. In recent years, the number of Korean college student entrepreneurs has been rapidly expanding at a rate of doubling every year. They have not only penetrated into cutting-edge technology fields, but are also active in traditional manufacturing and agriculture and other fields. Many young people believe that there are no permanent careers and positions. Flexible work and second careers that are not limited by time and place are not new. Rediscovering the meaning of one's life is also a kind of success. Starting a business has become more than simple and passive. It is a choice, but an opportunity and necessity for college students’ life development.

In fact, the change in the employment and entrepreneurship concepts of Korean college students did not happen overnight. Before the Asian financial crisis in 1997, most college students in South Korea were not willing to start a business. What they most desired was to join a large company after graduation. At that time, South Korea had been monopolized by large companies for a long time. It was difficult for new and relatively weak companies to enter the market controlled by the oligarchs. It was even more difficult for college students who started their own businesses with no capital or low cost to enter the market, and the risks were high. College students were not very enthusiastic about entrepreneurship.

Even in 2004, when South Korea's economy improved greatly, 68% of college graduates were willing to work in companies or governments, 14.7% chose to take postgraduate entrance examinations or study abroad, and only 11.1% were determined to start a business. However, through unremitting efforts by the Korean government and private sector, the four words "innovation and entrepreneurship" have gradually penetrated into the hearts of Korean college students.

Government support

Entrepreneurship can enjoy one-stop service

In order to change college students’ employment concepts and stimulate their enthusiasm for entrepreneurship, the Korean government has adopted a lot of protection and encouragement Policies and measures for college student entrepreneurship.

Establishing a support fund The Korean Small and Medium Enterprises Agency has established an entrepreneurial fund to reward and support college students to start their own businesses. In response to the employment difficulties caused by the financial crisis, the entrepreneurial fund increased from 250 million won in 2008 to 600 million won in 2009. It plans to support more than 120 outstanding college student entrepreneurial groups, with each group receiving an average of 8 million won. The Jeollanam-do government has also raised 220 million won to reward and support college student entrepreneurial projects, an increase of 12% from 2008. Each entrepreneurial project will receive 10 million won in support. Some groups and companies are also actively providing entrepreneurial funds for college students. For example, the Seoul Institute of Trade and Industry has established a "College Student Entrepreneurship Award" for college students studying in Seoul, providing 8 million won in financial support to 10 outstanding entrepreneurial projects selected by experts every year.

Carry out entrepreneurship training. Some institutions in South Korea actively provide entrepreneurship training for college students. For example, the Employment Information Institute has launched "College Student Development Orientation and Online Education", which in addition to providing information services related to entrepreneurship, also holds professional training courses related to entrepreneurship. The Yongin Technology Credit Guarantee Fund Human Resources Development Institute in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea, has been actively organizing a "College Student Entrepreneurship School" since 2006 to provide entrepreneurship training for college students in the province. The training class helps college students improve their entrepreneurial awareness and abilities through on-site observation and special discussions. In addition, network services, membership services and tracking services are also provided.

Establishment of "Entrepreneurship Support Center" Among various incentive measures in South Korea, the most direct effect is the establishment of "Entrepreneurship Support Center" based on universities.

Almost every university in South Korea has an "Entrepreneurship Support Center." The "strict entry and easy exit" policy is implemented here, and the Korean government and schools strictly screen applications from college students to enter the center. College students seeking entrepreneurial opportunities need to provide a detailed entrepreneurial plan, which will then be reviewed and decided by an evaluation team composed of university professors and a professional venture capital committee based on the direction of the business. If you can pass the screening and successfully enter the Entrepreneurship Support Center, the next journey will become smoother.

In the "Entrepreneurship Support Center", college students can receive "one-stop" services. The personnel, space and funds urgently needed for college students to start their own businesses can be easily found here. The center provides offices with low or even free rent, as well as various necessary office facilities such as desks, chairs, and computers. It also helps college students contact tutors in various majors, assists in feasibility investigations and analyses, and provides inexperienced college students with legal, tax, and other services. Consulting services such as negotiation, and also help college students raise funds.

In order to turn outstanding entrepreneurial ideas and projects of college students into reality, the Korean government provides them with more favorable financial and tax policy support than ordinary enterprises. At the same time, the Korean government also actively encourages various capitals to invest in high-tech innovative enterprises. When individuals invest in innovative projects, the government will provide a tax refund of 30%.

Encourage agricultural college students to return to their hometowns to start farming. The Gyeongsangbuk-do government in South Korea encourages college students to return to their hometowns to start businesses, providing 10 million won in funding for each college student agricultural entrepreneurship group, and establishing "returning to hometowns to start a business" in provinces, cities and counties. Consulting Service Center" provides related services. Depending on the length of time they return to their hometown, college students are divided into several categories and can enjoy different policy support. "Settled people" who return to their hometowns to farm for 2 to 3 years can enjoy a 10 million won reward and a low-interest loan of 20 million to 200 million won. People who have returned to their hometown for more than 4 years are called "stable people". To train "stable people" as "entrepreneurial agricultural operators", we will provide "agricultural and fishing village structure improvement funds" with an annual interest rate of 3 and a quota of 20 million to 200 million won. The "Farmer Military Academy" also provides professional education and training to these "entrepreneurial agricultural operators".

Scholars’ suggestions

Perseverance is needed to succeed in entrepreneurship

With the support of all parties, Korean college students’ entrepreneurship is springing up like mushrooms after a rain, especially the entrepreneurial model based on the Internet. Rapidly developing, the number of online stores founded by college students soared from 1,800 in 2002 to more than 7,000 in 2007.

Although college students have set off an entrepreneurial boom, not all entrepreneurship can be successful. Korean scholars have analyzed the external factors that hinder college students from entrepreneurship, including: a rigid education system, teaching methods that focus on indoctrination and control, traditional concepts of being complacent and afraid of taking risks, and a social atmosphere that does not tolerate failure.

Baek Chung-ying, a Korean entrepreneur who has successfully started a business in the United States, pointed out that weak will and insufficient "driving power" are important reasons for the failure of college students to start their own businesses. Some college students think that they are still students and can fail, and regard starting a business as a "part-time job" or "internship". Therefore, they are not strict with themselves, do not devote themselves wholeheartedly, and are easily discouraged when encountering difficulties. In addition, lack of entrepreneurial knowledge and experience is also a major weakness of college student entrepreneurs. Starting a business requires professional knowledge and the collection and analysis of information such as product characteristics, changes in consumer demand, and price competitiveness. Korean media once reported that a student at Suwon Women's University had a backlog of products because the products he was selling were not fashionable enough, so he had to sell at a breakeven and close the store that had been operating for 6 months. In addition, entrepreneurs who do not understand relevant legal knowledge, have incomplete business operation procedures, and view entrepreneurship as too simple may also put entrepreneurs in trouble.

In response to the above problems, Korean scholars also gave their own suggestions, including: not only rewarding outstanding entrepreneurial ideas, but also rewarding students who have made outstanding achievements in technology research and development and marketing; college students should learn to collect , Accumulate entrepreneurial knowledge and experience, and participate in entrepreneurial activity groups; start from opening your own website, start with interest, gradually get involved and adapt to entrepreneurial operations, and finally learn to operate independently and make profits; use the university’s information, facilities and other resources to learn to reduce costs Cost of starting a business; cooperate with classmates and friends to start a business and cultivate the spirit of cooperation; hone your perseverance and learn from the famous saying of Zheng Zhouyong, the founder of Hyundai Enterprise Group - there is only training, no failure