Belongs to: Jintan District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province
Jintan belonged to Qu'a County in the Qin Dynasty, and was changed to Jinshan County in the Sui Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, due to the same name, "Gouqu Mountain and Jintan Tomb" were taken and renamed Jintan County. In 1993, the county was removed and a city was established. It is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Changzhou City, also known as Jinsha and Liangchang.
Added from "Jintan County Chronicle":
Jintan is located in the south of Jiangsu Province and is the center of the triangle area of ??Ningxia, Shanghai and Hangzhou. Jintan, formerly known as Jinshan County, was built in the late Sui Dynasty (617). In the fourth year of Chui Gong of the Tang Dynasty (688), because Dongyang County already had Jinshan County, and because there was "Jintan Baizhang" in Huayang Cave in Maoshan Mountain, it was renamed Jintan County, and it has been used ever since (Jintan County on November 10, 1993). Remove the county and establish a city). In 1987, the county governed 22 townships, 6 towns and 6 state-owned farms. It was affiliated to Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, and Jincheng Town was the seat of the county. The total area of ??the county is 975.49 square kilometers, including 781.27 square kilometers of Luchengnan scenic area and 194.22 square kilometers of water area. The terrain slopes from west to east, commonly known as "two mountains, two rivers and six fields." The west is a hilly mountainous area, which is part of the Maoshan Mountains on the eastern edge of the Ningzhen Mountains, covering an area of ??about 223 square kilometers. The highest peak, Maoshan Damao Peak, is 372.5 meters above sea level. The eastern part is a low-lying plain, which is part of the Taihu Plain, covering an area of ??about 752 square kilometers. There are 216 large and small rivers in the territory, with a total length of 512 kilometers. Tao Lake (also known as Changdang Lake) in the southeast has an area of ??8,200 hectares and is one of the ten largest freshwater lakes in Jiangsu Province. The area belongs to the humid northern subtropical climate zone, with four distinct seasons, sufficient sunshine, abundant rainfall, and a long frost-free period. In 1987, the county's total population was 520,052, with four ethnic groups including Hui, Korean, and Manchu. The Han population accounted for 99.9% of the total population.
Jintan has a long history and a rich collection of humanities. From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, 228 people were awarded Jinshi, including 4 champions, 1 second best, and 2 third most successful people. Famous figures in ancient and modern times include poets Chu Guangxi and Dai Shulun of the Tang Dynasty, medical scientist Wang Kentang of the Ming Dynasty, exegesis and classics scholar Duan Yucai of the Qing Dynasty, modern translator of "The Divine Comedy" Wang Weike, and editor-in-chief of "Minli Bao" Xu Xuer. Mathematician Hua Luogeng, physicist Tang Dingyuan, geologist Sun Shu, automatic control scientist Feng Chunbo, biologist Wang Zhixin, physicist Zhou Yuan, etc. have successively been academicians (members of the academic department) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, as well as Qian Ji, a hero of the artificial earth satellite. , jurist Yang Zhaolong, educator Duan Lipei, etc.
Climate Characteristics Rural Scenery The territory is flat with dense rivers; it belongs to the north subtropical monsoon zone with four distinct seasons; abundant rainfall, with an annual precipitation of 1063.5mm; sufficient sunshine, with a sunshine rate of 46; the annual average temperature is 15.3°C. The frost-free period is 228 days; the annual average humidity is 78.
Geographical location
It is located in the hinterland of the Yangtze River Delta, with a dense network of rivers within the territory. To the west is the foothills of Maoshan Mountain, where there are huge underground salt mines, limestone, basalt and other minerals. In terms of agriculture, it mainly produces rice, wheat, tea, velvet crab, etc.
Economic Development
Jintan is one of the cities with rapid economic development in China. In recent years, it has entered the top 100 counties and cities in China's rural comprehensive strength; one of the top 100 star counties and cities in the country. ; The first batch of 80 well-off counties and cities in the country; the top 100 counties and cities in China's scientific and technological strength and the national health cities. Rural production has initially formed 450,000 acres of high-quality rice, 100,000 acres of high-quality crabs, 50,000 acres of freshwater shrimp, 32,000 acres of There are ten major agricultural and sideline product production bases including tea, 30,000 acres of vegetables, 15,000 sericulture, 12,000 acres of flowers and trees, 5 million square meters of edible fungi, 600,000 young pigs, and 1 million meat ducks.
Through vigorous implementation of the leading strategy, more than ten leading enterprises have been formed, including Chenfeng Group, Yaya Group, Jiangnan Milling Co., Ltd., and Sunan Flour Co., Ltd. An integrated management pattern of trade, industry and agriculture has been initially formed, and the industrial economy has developed in a coordinated manner. It has initially formed 20 industries including machinery, metallurgy, electronics, building materials, chemicals, medicine, silk weaving, silk, clothing and food, and more than 2,000 kinds of products. In the industrial system, there are more than 260 foreign trade enterprises, 200 Sino-foreign joint ventures, and economic and trade relations with more than 100 countries and regions.
The tertiary industry is booming, employing more than 24,000 people. The construction industry is unique. In 1998, it employed 55,000 people, completed construction output value of 3 billion yuan, and achieved an added value of 680 million yuan.
Supplement from "Jintan County Chronicle":
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially since the reform and opening up, Jintan's economic and social undertakings have developed rapidly. In 1987, the total industrial and agricultural output value was 1,122.69 million yuan, of which the total agricultural output value was 213.72 million yuan. The county's total grain output is 298,000 tons, rapeseed is 9,367 tons, cotton is 1,184 tons, an increase of 1.6 times, 4.2 times, and 16.9 times respectively compared with 1949; fruit output is 1,269 tons, an increase of 210 times; sericulture output is 1,745 tons, an increase of 31 times; the total output of aquatic products is 10,319 tons, an increase of 5.9 times; the total tea output is 1,400 tons, an increase of more than 10,000 times. The industrial output value is 908.97 million yuan. In 1987, the county's total retail sales were 360.68 million yuan and fiscal revenue was 46.74 million yuan.
In 1987, the county's annual power supply was 199.2 million kilowatt-hours, and all market towns and rural areas were electrified. There are 2 provincial highways, 24 county and township highways, and 10 special highways, with a total mileage of 271.06 kilometers. In 1983, it became the first county in Jiangsu Province to connect automobiles to every township.
Economic development also promotes the coordinated development of science, education, culture and health. In 1987, the county had 13 scientific research institutions and 9,733 professional and technical personnel of various types. From 1978 to 1987, it won 7 national-level scientific and technological achievement awards and 41 provincial (ministerial)-level scientific and technological achievement awards. There are 509 schools of various types and 396 kindergartens in the county. In addition, cultural centers (stations), libraries (rooms), radio and television stations (stations), cinemas, theater troupes, youth palaces, etc. form an educational and cultural network system covering the entire county. . Jintan was named the Hometown of Chinese Folk Art (Paper Engraving) by the Ministry of Culture, an advanced sports county (city) in Jiangsu Province, and was listed by the Ministry of Health as a national key county for health work and a national pilot county for everyone to enjoy health care. . At the end of 1987, the balance of savings deposits of urban and rural residents was 157.68 million yuan.
The main mineral resources in Jintan include more than ten types of rock salt, limestone, oil shale, etc. The Jintan Rock Salt Mine, known as the "No. 1 Mine in Southern Jiangsu", has a total area of ??60.5 square kilometers, a mineral reserve of 16.3 billion tons, and an average sodium chloride content of 85. In 1987, the forest area was 12,000 hectares, of which 8,500 were forest areas. hectares, the forest coverage rate is 12.34. It is rich in tourism resources. Maoshan Mountain in the west is not only a famous Taoist holy land in China, but also a provincial scenic spot. Dai Wang's Mansion (the residence of Taiping Rebellion general Huang Chengzhong) on ??Xianqian Street in the urban area is a provincial cultural relic protection unit.
Celebrities Gathering
1. Chu Guangxi (707-about 766), a native of Baita Township, Jintan. In the 14th year of Kaiyuan of the Tang Dynasty, he was promoted to Jinshi. He was also ordered to enter the Zhongshu Examination and passed the examination. He became a great talent for a while. Then he was awarded the title of County Lieutenant of Feng Yi, and then transferred to Sishui, Anyi, and served as County Lieutenant. In about 21 years, he resigned and returned to his hometown to write "Five Poems on a Tour of Maoshan" and other poems. After entering the Qin Dynasty, he hid in Zhongnan Mountain and sang harmony with Wang Weidi, so he was known as the "Crown Prince". He was appointed as Taizhu in the sixth year of Tianbao (747), and was known as Chu Taizhu in the world. About nine years later, he moved to the censorship. The Anshi Rebellion broke out. Because he served after Anlu Mountain captured Chang'an, he was imprisoned and demoted. He was pardoned in the first year of Baoying (762). He died around the year of Dali (766) and was buried in Baita Township.
Guang Xi is one of the important writers of the landscape pastoral poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The "General Catalog of Siku Quanshu" commented that his poems "originate from Tao Qian, and are simple and elegant. They are placed between Wang Wei and Meng Haoran, and they are worthy of their appearance." He is the author of 15 volumes of "Zheng Lun". 〈〈Nine Classics External Meanings〉〉 20 volumes. 〈〈New Book of Tang. Yiwenzhi〉〉 recorded 70 volumes of his collected works, all of which have been lost. "Zhizhai Documents and Questions" contains five volumes of "Chu Guangxi's Poetry Collection", which are preserved today. "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty" contains more than 200 poems in 4 volumes.
2. Dai Shulun (732-789), courtesy name Yougong, was a native of Nanyao Village, Xixiang, Jintan City. When he was a child, he studied hard for his father-in-law, and when he grew up, he became a student of the famous writer Xiao Yingshi. "All scholars have a photographic memory", and he once said that "the Xiao family is known for its literature and political affairs" and "the family is the most popular among people".
Around the first year of Dali (766), Liu Yan, the Minister of Household Affairs and the Salt and Iron Envoy of various roads, appreciated him and served under him. In the first year of Jianzhong (780), he served as the magistrate of Dongyang, Zhejiang Province. He suppressed powerful officials, encouraged farmers and mulberry trees, and made the people rich and prosperous. In the first year of Zhenyuan (785), he was appointed governor of Fuzhou. In the fourth year of Zhenyuan, he returned to his hometown as a hermit, and was soon appointed governor of Rongzhou, Guangxi by Emperor Dezong. He arrived in Rongzhou in the first month of the fifth year of Zhenyuan, and was appointed censor Zhongcheng. He was finally appointed as the official envoy to manage the affairs of Rongzhou. In April, I asked him to be a Taoist priest because of his illness. On June 13th, we passed away at Qingyuan Gorge on our way back. In the first month of the following year, he returned to the southern suburbs of Jintan City to be buried.
Shulun Gongshi was particularly good at five rhymes, and his calligraphy was also sparse and thin, graceful and vigorous. He was not inferior to the Tang scholars, and his poems were good at reflecting the rural life at that time. For example, "Women Plowing the Fields", "Border Town Songs", "Tuntian Ci", etc. Most of them are famous poems written in the form of seven-character songs. They are the forerunners of Bai Juyi's New Yuefu Movement. Some of his famous sayings about poetry, such as: "The sun in Lantian is warm, and good jade produces smoke. You can look forward to it but not put it in front of your eyebrows", etc., which had a great influence on the poets of the Chiyun School and Xingling School in Ningming.〈〈 The "New Book of Tang Dynasty" recorded 10 volumes of "Shu Gao", which have been lost. /p>
3. Duan Yucai (1735-1815.9.8), named Ruoying, also named Qiaolin, Chunfu, and named Maotang, was a famous Confucian scholar in Jintan and Jincheng in the Qing Dynasty. An exegesis expert. In the 25th year of Qianlong's reign (1760), he passed the provincial examination. In that year, he read Gu Yanwu's "Five Books on Phonology" in Beijing, and then became interested in the study of phonology. Dai Zhen, a thinker and textual textualist who taught in the "Liu Shu Phonology Table", also met Qian Daxin, Shao Jinhan, a Qing Dynasty textual textualist, and Yao Nai, a master of ancient prose in the Tongcheng School. After that, he improved his knowledge. When he successively served as magistrate of Yuping County in Guizhou Province, Fushun County in Sichuan Province, Nanxi County, and Wushan County, he always carried the "Six Books on Rhyme Table" with him. "It is normal for the book to miss three drums after completing official duties, and change them by bonfire lights."
Duan Yucai Memorial Hall Yucai has always kept in mind the ancestral motto of "There is no joy in plowing the inkstone field, and there is no way to support the poor without supporting the strong bones". He has read a lot of books and studied intensively. He has been writing and Qian Daxin prefaced the "Qunjing Yunpu" co-interpreted with his brother Yucheng, "The publication of this book will make the domestic scripture exposition schools regard it as a standard, and it will only preserve the ancient sounds." "His "Six Books Phonological Table" has 5 volumes, divided into 17 ancient rhymes. Zhou Zumo, a contemporary Chinese linguist, believes that this book "is an epoch-making work in the study of ancient rhymes." He annotated Xu Shencheng's "Shuowenjie" From the 41st year of Qianlong's reign to the 59th year of Qianlong's reign, it was imported and exported for 9 years, and compiled into 540 volumes of "Shuowen Jiezi Du". ". On this basis, he cut out the text and carefully refined it into "Shuowen Jiezi Zhu". After the age of 60, his health deteriorated. In addition, in his later years, when five generations lived together, things were expensive and he had to raise funds to publish "Shuo Wen Jie Zi Zhu". He struggled for 13 years and finally completed the 30-volume masterpiece "Shuowen Jiezi Annotation" in the twelfth year of Jiaqing (1807). It took him 8 years to engrave and publish this book. The whole book was finished in May of the 20th year of Jiaqing. After it was completed, it became famous all over the world and became popular.
Yucai also wrote "Guwen Shangshu". Authored 32 volumes of "The Ancient Classics of the Zuo Family in the Spring and Autumn Period" and more than 250 volumes of works.
4. Hua Luogeng (1910.11.12-1985.6.12), a world-famous mathematician, was born. He studied in Jintan Jincheng Town with his sister at the age of 6. At the age of 12, he entered the county junior high school. Under the guidance of mathematics teachers Li Yuebo and Wang Weike, he developed a strong interest in mathematics. After graduating from junior high school, he was admitted to Shanghai. He dropped out of Zhonghua Vocational School due to family poverty and helped his father in running the store. During his business break, he concentrated on solving mathematical problems and sometimes became obsessed with it and even used the calculation drafts as loans to pay customers, so he was often scolded by his father when he was 18 years old. After recovering from a sudden calamity and typhoid fever, which left his left leg disabled, he was hired by Principal Wang Weike as a math teacher in the cram school of a county junior middle school, and soon became an accountant and general affairs officer. At this time, he wrote the first article. The mathematical paper "Study on the simplified form of the sixth-order equation" was published in the Shanghai "Science" magazine.
In the spring of the 19th year of the Republic of China, the journal published another mathematical paper of his, "The reason why Su Jiaju's algebraic quintic equation solution cannot be established", which attracted the attention of Professor Xiong Qinglai, director of the Department of Mathematics at Tsinghua University. In August 2020, Luo Geng was hired as an assistant at the Tsinghua University Library. After that, he balanced work and study, completing all courses from high school to university in 6 and a half years. He also studied English, French and German and published more than a dozen papers, 5 of which were published in authoritative publications in the United States, Germany, Japan, India and other countries. magazine, he was promoted to a lecturer at Tsinghua University in 2021, and served as a Type B researcher on the board of directors of the Chinese Culture and Education Fund in 2023. In the 25th year of the Republic of China, he was recommended to study at the University of Cambridge in England. In two years, he wrote 18 papers, which were published in toy articles in the Soviet Union, France, Germany, India and other countries. He also completely solved the problem proposed by Gauss, the king of European mathematics in the 19th century. The problem of estimating the complete triangular sum caused a sensation in Cambridge and was praised as "the glory of Cambridge". In the 27th year of the Republic of China, Luo Geng returned to China after completing his studies and became a professor of the Department of Mathematics of Southwest Associated University, and concurrently served as an academician of the Academia Sinica and a member of the Resources Committee. Completed in 1931 His masterpiece "The Theory of Stacked Prime Numbers" won the first-class special prize,
Hua Luogeng Park. In October 1935, at the invitation of Einstein, he went to the United States to participate in a competition involving mathematicians from various countries. Lectures on several unresolved mathematical problems. During his lectures in the United States, he also conducted research on "matrix geometry, autotype functions", "function theory of multiple complex variables", and "space expansion", all of which achieved important results. Later, he was appointed as a researcher and guest professor at the Princeton Institute of Mathematics. In the spring of 1937, he was appointed as a tenured professor at the University of Illinois in the United States. In January 1950, he overcame numerous obstacles and returned to his motherland with his family, becoming a professor in the Department of Mathematics at Tsinghua University. Since July 1952, he has been responsible for the establishment of eight institutes (offices) of mathematics, basic theoretical mathematics, mathematical logic, mechanics, mathematical physics, applied mathematics, computing and computer science. He serves as the director of the Institute of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics and the Department of Mathematical and Physical Chemistry. Deputy Director. His "Harmonization and Analysis on Typical Domains of Multiple Complex Variables" won the first prize of the National Scientific Invention Award in 1957. In 1958, he concurrently served as vice president and director of the Department of Mathematics at the University of Science and Technology of China. From 1960 onwards, the focus of his work shifted to the research of applied mathematics. In that year, he wrote "Operations Research" and compiled popular books such as "Coordinated Fa Ping Hua" and "Preferred Fa Ping Hua" (hereinafter referred to as "Double Fa"). He led a team to promote the "dual method" to more than 20 provinces and cities across the country to give lectures and guide its application. In March 1978, he served as Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vice President of the University of Science and Technology of China, and Vice Chairman of the China Science and Technology Association. In October 1983, he was elected as an academician of the Third World Academy of Sciences. In 1984, he was elected as the first Chinese academician of the American Academy of Sciences in 120 years and an honorary doctor of science from the University of Illinois. In April 1985, he was elected as a vice-chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. On June 3, at the invitation of the Asian Cultural Exchange Association, he traveled east to Japan for a friendly visit and academic exchange. On the 12th, when he was about to finish his academic report at the University of Tokyo, his heart disease recurred and he died due to ineffective rescue efforts. He was 75 years old. age.
Hua Luogeng is the founder and pioneer of Chinese research in analytic number theory, matrix geometry, typical groups, and self-sustaining function theory. International mathematical research achievements named after Fahrenheit include "Fahrenheit's Theorem", "Wye-Wah's Inequality", "Fahrenheit's Inequality", "Prouwer-Cartanva Theorem", "Fahrenheit Operator", "Fahrenheit- Wang's method" and so on. He made a world-renowned contribution to the development of Chinese mathematics. The famous American mathematician Bateman wrote in an article: "Hua Luogeng is China's Einstein, enough to become an academician of all famous academies of sciences in the world." He is listed as one of the 88 great figures in mathematics in the world today at the Museum of Science and Technology in Chicago.
5. Yu Minzhong (1714-1779), grandson of Yu Hanxiang. The younger brother of Yu Zhen, the number one scholar in the Guimao Year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty (1723). His courtesy name is Shuzi, his nickname is Naipu, and he is a native of Jintan and Jincheng Town. When he was young, he had extraordinary talents and diligent study. In the seventh year of Yongzheng reign (1729), he passed the imperial examination. In the fourth year of Qianlong's reign (1737), he won the first prize and was awarded the title of compilation by the Hanlin Academy, and was in charge of the Shanxi Examination. Soon he served as the academic administrator of Shandong and Zhejiang, and was in charge of the examinations of children and students in various governments and departments.
When Minzhong was in charge of academic affairs in Zhejiang, he selected outstanding officials, eliminated the mediocre and replenished the talents, organized uniform examinations on schedule, served as the president of the joint examination, and selected many celebrities. Because of his rich knowledge, his articles were among the best, his calligraphy was elegant and free, and he was familiar with anecdotes, so he was highly relied upon by Emperor Qianlong. In the 18th year of Qianlong's reign (1753), he was appointed Minister of the Ministry of War, and later changed to Minister of the Ministry of Household Affairs, and was added to the title of Prince Taizu. During this period, he was ordered to compile 126 volumes of "Regulations of the Ministry of Household Affairs". In the 25th year of Qianlong's reign, he served as Minister of the Ministry of Household Affairs and Minister of Military Machinery, which lasted for nearly 20 years. He also served as a bachelor of Wenhua Palace, Secretary of the Ministry of Household Affairs, and a preparatory position for the Wenyuan Pavilion. He wrote many imperial edicts. The Qing court opened the Siku Museum, and he was appointed as the president. Together with the scholar Liu Tongxun, he took charge of collecting and compiling the "Yongle Dadian" medieval books. He also serves as the president of the National History Museum and the Santong Museum (<
6. Yu Zhen was born in Jintan, Jiangsu Province, with the courtesy name Hequan, the nickname Qiutian, and the first name Lianyi. He came from a scholarly family. In the first year of Yongzheng's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1723), he passed the Guimao Science Examination and was awarded the title of editor of the Hanlin Academy. Not long after, he entered the South Study Room to serve. In the fourth year of Yongzheng's reign, he inspected Hubei's academic affairs. Because he added two more school places without authorization, he was dismissed and demoted to a commoner. However, because of his comprehensive knowledge in his life, extensive reading of domestic and foreign classics, meticulous research, and unique insights, three years later, he was again admitted as a scholar and was transferred to the position of deputy secretary of the pedestrian department.
7. Wang Kentang (1549-1613) was born in Jintan (now Jintan, Jiangsu), with the courtesy name Yutai. Also known as Shu'an, he was a Jinshi in the 17th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1589). He was selected as a good scholar and became an official in Fujian to participate in politics. Calligraphy is deeply rooted in the halls of Jin people. Compiled dozens of volumes of Yugang Zhai's invitations, hand-hooked, and became a stone-engraved crown. He was awarded the title of examiner by the Hanlin Academy, participated in the compilation of national history, and wrote "The Essentials of Shangshu", "The Analects of Confucius", etc. Because the imperial court did not accept his anti-Japanese objections, he angrily resigned and returned to his hometown, where he resumed practicing medicine, which he had loved in his childhood. While at home, he treated people's diseases and wrote medical books. He once successfully performed an excision on a patient with a cancer around his eye socket, performed a replantation of a fallen ear, and "dispelled shock with shock" cured a rich man's son who had passed the imperial examination. Psychosis caused by excessive surprise. He extensively collected medical literature from past dynasties and combined it with clinical experience to compile the "Six Subjects Principles" over a period of 10 years. This is a masterpiece that assembles the great achievements of medicine before the Ming Dynasty. The description of the symptoms and treatments of various diseases in the book is "broad but not complicated, detailed but essential" and has been highly praised by medical scientists throughout the history. Asafoetida Huapi Ointment is a classic prescription in "Six Subjects Principles".
He extensively collected medical literature from past dynasties, combined with clinical experience, and compiled the "Six Subjects Syndrome and Treatment Criteria" in 10 years. This is a masterpiece that collects all the medical achievements before the Ming Dynasty. The description of the symptoms and treatment methods of various diseases is "extensive but not complicated, detailed and essential", and has been highly praised by doctors throughout the history. He has also compiled 44 types of "The Complete Book of Ancient and Modern Medical Traditions", and authored "Principles of Acupuncture and Moxibustion", "Authentic Medicine", "Nianxi Bichen", etc., and has preserved many valuable materials for the motherland's medicine.
In January 2021, "Xiaokang" magazine launched a list of the top 100 counties and cities for spring leisure in China in 2021, with Jintan District ranking 63rd.
On November 18, 2020, the ranking of the top 100 counties in China's tea industry in 2020 was released, with Jintan District ranking 85th.
In June 2020, Jintan District was included in the second batch of districts and counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics (Southern Jiangsu Area).