Scipio (about 235 BC - 183 BC), commander of ancient Rome. He was awarded the title of "African Scipio" because of his outstanding military exploits in the Punic War between Rome and Carthage and the conclusion of the Second Punic War in Carthage's homeland in Africa (now Tunisia). He was also known as Old Scipio in history. , has good cultural literacy and has always been known for his wit and courage. When the Second Punic War broke out in 218 BC, he followed his father (a Roman consul) to resist the attack of the Carthaginian army. In 216 BC, he narrowly escaped with his life in the Battle of Cannae where Carthage commander Hannibal encircled and annihilated the Roman army. He used the enemy as his teacher and carefully studied Hannibal's military strategy. From 210 BC to 206 BC, he served as the commander-in-chief of the Roman army in the Spanish expedition. With his ingenious tactics and clever tactics, he repeatedly defeated the Carthaginian army, conquered various Spanish tribes, and eliminated Carthage's influence in Spain. After returning triumphantly, he was elected consul in 205 BC. The following year he led an expedition to the Carthage base and defeated the Carthaginian army led by Hannibal in the Battle of Zama in 202 BC. In 199 BC, he was appointed censor and chief of the Senate. In 194 BC, he was appointed consul again. He left Rome in his later years and died at Campania Manor.

Scipio was good at seizing the strategic initiative militarily and paid attention to winning allies. To attack the enemy unprepared, he is good at using cavalry and chooses favorable opportunities. His art of commanding was valued by famous Western generals of all ages.

In 211 BC, the Roman army drove away the Carthaginians from Sicily, but suffered a disastrous defeat in Spain. Scipio led the Roman army across the sea and marched towards Spain. In 210 BC, he landed at Emmenpolius (Ampurias). After landing, he found that the Carthaginian army in Spain was scattered and occupied one side, and the defense of New Carthage was empty. Therefore, Scipio concentrated his superior forces, launched a surprise attack on New Carthage, which was empty of enemy forces, and captured the city in one fell swoop. After entering the city, Scipio immediately released the Spanish hostages detained in the city and gave them swords. This action won the favor of the local people and expanded the influence of the Roman army. By the autumn of 206 BC, all of Spain surrendered to Rome.

After Scipio expelled the Carthaginians from Spain, he believed that the Carthaginian army was still very powerful and must not be taken lightly because of a temporary victory. Therefore, he adopted the strategy of exploiting conflicts and forming alliances to attack Hannibal. After being attacked one after another by Scipio, Carthage signed a temporary truce with Rome while holding on to the cities of Carthage and Utica. At the same time, Hannibal's army in southern Italy and Marco's army in northern Gaul were urgently recalled in an attempt to save the defeat. However, this was exactly what Scipio wanted to achieve: to get Hannibal out of Italy, return to his home country, and then completely defeat Hannibal.

In June 203 BC, Hannibal led 20,000 troops to withdraw to the base of Carthage, reorganized the troops, and moved closer to the city of Carthage. Pia's army formed a pincer attack from the north and the south. Seeing that the situation was favorable to them, the Carthaginian authorities refused to ratify the peace treaty and detained the Roman envoys.

Seeing Hannibal's fierce approach, Scipio decided to lift the siege of Carthage and Utica, led his army to the upper reaches of the Magradas River, and penetrated deep into Carthage. Land, in order to get rid of the unfavorable situation of being attacked from the front and back, and induce Hannibal's army to change its route and move westward, waiting for an opportunity for a decisive battle. In the autumn of 202 BC, Scipio led his army to cut off Carthage's main source of food supply, causing great panic among the residents of Carthage. Therefore, the Carthaginian Senate ordered Hannibal to take immediate military action against Scipio. Hannibal's army, which was heading north one after another, had to change its marching route, turn around and head westward inland, struggling to catch up with Scipio's army, which happened to fall into Scipio's trap. After Scipio led his army to move to the Zama area, he chose a favorable battlefield, forcing Hannibal's army into a disadvantageous situation of lacking water sources and having no barriers to rely on, and annihilated it. After the war, Rome and Carthage concluded a peace treaty in favor of Rome.

Scipio was a famous military commander in ancient Rome. He had good cultural attainments, was resourceful and brave in combat, and made great contributions to ancient Rome. His military strategies were praised by people of all generations.