In politics, Laozi advocates governing by doing nothing and teaching without words. In terms of power, Lao Tzu emphasizes the principle that things must be reversed when they reach their extreme.

The view of heaven based on "Tao".

Tao is the core of Laozi's ideological system. He said: "Tao gives birth to one, one gives birth to two, two gives birth to three, and three gives rise to all things" (Chapter 42 of "Laozi"). He believes that everything is born from Tao. Regarding Tao, "Laozi" has many explanations:

First, the characteristic of Tao is "the shape of the formless, the image of the imageless". Chapter 21 of "Laozi" says: "Tao is a thing, but it is a trance. It is a trance, and there are images in it; it is a trance, and there are things in it." Chapter 14 also says: "It is shapeless. The state of being without an image is called trance.”

Secondly, Tao is the origin of all things in the world. Chapter 25 says: "There is a mixture of things, born in the heaven and earth, lonely and lonely, independent and not changing, moving around without peril, which can be the mother of the world."

Thirdly, Tao is none. Chapter 40 says: "Everything in the world is born from existence, and existence is born from nothingness." Here, to be born from "nothing" is to be born from "Tao", and "Tao" is "nothing".

A collection of Laozi's main sayings:

1. "The Tao can be Tao, but it is not Tao; the name can be named, but it is not famous." This means that the truths that can be spoken are not eternal truths; the names that can be called are not eternal names. The Chinese people's truth can only be understood but cannot be expressed in words.

2. "Being contented is not humiliating, knowing is stopping is not perilous", "No disaster is greater than not being satisfied, and no blame is greater than wanting to gain." The development of modern science and technology comes from people's insatiable spirit of exploration and creation. If, like the small-scale peasant society, "a small amount of wealth means peace" and one is satisfied with "three-cent land, a cow, a wife and children," the enterprising spirit will be gone. Then the future of the nation will be worrying. ?

3. "A house full of gold and jade cannot be guarded; if you are rich and arrogant, you will bring your own fault. Retiring after success is the way of heaven." stupid". In a society governed by man, human rights and personal property rights are not protected, and disasters come unexpectedly. Therefore, wise men advise the world to hide one's capabilities, bide one's time, and retire after one's achievements. ?

4. "The husband does not fight, so no one in the world can fight with him." On the one hand, it shows the non-competition mentality of the Chinese people; on the other hand, it shows the cunning strategies of the Chinese people in order to get big advantages without competing for small profits. ?

5. "Mysterious and mysterious, the door to all wonders." Most of Chinese knowledge is "metaphysics", not science. ?

6. "Know the male and guard the female; know the white and guard the black; know the glory and guard the disgrace." This saying means: I know the majestic side, but I keep to the feminine side; I know the glorious side, but I am content with the dark side; I know the glorious side, but I prefer to keep the humiliating side. The Chinese use softness to overcome strength and are very resourceful.

7. "A true man is concerned with the rich and not the weak; he is practical and not luxurious." Man-governed society is doomed to have complicated interpersonal relationships, and is doomed to have profound knowledge in cultivating one's life. ?

8. "I have three treasures, which I must hold on to and protect. The first is compassion, the second is frugality, and the third is not daring to be the first in the world." There is no guarantee for anything in a human-governed society. In order to protect oneself, it is understandable not to be the first for the world; but in a modern civilized society, Chinese people should have the courage to dare to be the first for the world. ?

9. "Frustrate its sharpness, resolve its confusion, harmonize its light, and be the same as its dust." It means to lose one's spirit, to be detached from disputes, to restrain one's brilliance, and to be confused with the secular world. ...etc., the above is for reference only.