If it is the endorsement style of the bill,
1. Limited endorsement:
Some qualified endorsements stipulate that a bill of exchange is only delivered once, and the transferee can only use the bill himself without the right to transfer it again. If the endorser signs the back of the bill, indicating "only ××× (name of the endorsee)" or "payment to ××× (name of the endorsee) is not transferable". Others give some additional conditions, "when xxx, pay xxx (endorser's name), meet the conditions, and the endorsement is established." Some endorsers declare that the holder can only deposit the bill in the bank and cannot use it for other purposes. Specific endorsement, also known as registered endorsement, has both the transferor's signature and the transferee's name, but there is no such word as "only non-negotiable". If the endorser signs on the back of the bill, it should be marked "payable to ××× (name of the endorsee) designated person" and so on. Bills so endorsed can be paid by endorsement for many times in a row, transferred for many times, and even transferred indefinitely in the market.
2. Blank endorsement:
Also known as bearer endorsement, that is, the endorser only signs the bill and does not write it to someone, that is, there is no endorsee. A bill of exchange endorsed in blank is transferred by delivery. That is, after the first transferor with blank endorsement has endorsed and signed, it can circulate in the market for many times until the last beneficiary, and it is not necessary to indicate other transferor and transferee in the circulation process on the back of the bill. The bills stipulated in China's bill law are all registered bills, and there is no blank endorsement.
3. Endorsement by name:
A registered endorsement must be endorsed by a bank or company, and most registered endorsements are addressed to the issuing bank. Nominal endorsement is rarely used in daily business. The registered endorsement of an insurance document means that the transferee of the insurance document has the right to claim compensation from the insurance company or its agent after the insured goods are out of danger. If the insured of the insurance document is "XX Limited Company" of other countries or regions instead of our export company, our export company does not need to endorse it. If the insured needs to transfer the ocean bill of lading, the insurance document will be endorsed by ×× Co., Ltd. in other countries or regions. It must be noted that if the insured of the insurance document is the shipper, that is, China's foreign trade import and export company or enterprise, according to the different provisions of the letter of credit, sometimes it can be blank endorsement, and sometimes it can be named endorsement.
From the differences and connections between insurance document endorsement and ocean bill of lading endorsement, it can be seen that under the CIF price condition, bill of lading endorsement is related to the ownership of the goods, while insurance document endorsement is related to the claim right and reasonable compensation to the insurance company and its agents after the insured goods are out of danger. Therefore, after the goods are out of danger, only when you have mastered the bill of lading and insurance documents can you really master the ownership of the goods.