Author: Yuan Minghui compiled genealogy, which was highly summarized by ancient ancestors as "respecting the ancestors and collecting the clan". "Respecting the ancestors" is, of course, to respect the ancestors and "accept the clans". Apart from the meaning of not leaving out every clansman, it is more important to form a centripetal force among all clansmen, unite all clansmen and make everyone under the same values. Unwritten rule: genealogy should be revised every 3 years. Editing spectrum is a systematic project. To repair a genealogy, I think there are three aspects to be done: organization, funding and editing. Below, I combine my own experience as editor-in-chief of Yuan's six genealogies in Tantang, Pingxiang City in 1994, and describe them from the above three aspects respectively. What needs to be pointed out is that I am an ordinary rural high school graduate in the 198s, so naturally I have only a little knowledge. There are only more than 1, people in my family, so I can't be considered a big family. I'm talking about it with my experience in editing genealogy, which is really suspected of overreaching and generalizing. But I still do it, because I think there is a lack of a monograph on compiling music, especially an operable monograph that combines the reality of the new era. Furthermore, I have come into contact with many genealogies that are now being revised, and there are many problems in them, which also makes me feel the need to write a monograph in order to standardize them. My standard is not high, but I can draw a brick to attract jade, and everyone is perfect, so I am not afraid to make a fool of myself. 1. Organization, in fact, is a general term for organizers and organizations to implement. In layman's terms, it means who will initiate the revision, who will organize the revision, and what measures will be taken to ensure the smooth completion of the revision. Before liberation, it was the family that organized the revision of the score. In order to explain the concept of family, I will spend a little more time here to talk about family. Family is a general term, but also refers to the authority of this family, or clan, or ancestral temple. This organ of power is not a permanent institution, but it may be a deliberative body, with the ancestral hall as the venue (office), convened by the patriarch, and attended by representatives of various houses and celebrities. Families generally have fixed assets and working capital. Fixed assets are generally land, forest, pond and real estate. The source of working capital is the income generated by fixed assets (such as land rent and rent) and donations from ethnic groups. Therefore, the family has a certain source of income and income. Its expenses are mainly office expenses (maintaining the normal operation of clan ancestral halls), offering sacrifices, repairing music scores, and subsidizing children with excellent academic performance but poor families to go to school. The responsibility of the family is to handle and coordinate clan affairs within the whole family, and the authority of the patriarch is very high. The family has great power, and sometimes it even has some functions of the judiciary. It has the right to dispose of the bad behavior of the people, and the most severe one can even be sentenced to death, such as sinking the pool, burning the fire, and closing the cellar, which are very severe and cruel. The administrative and judicial organs did not interfere in this, because these behaviors of the family maintained the feudal hierarchy and ethics, which were the mainstream ideology at that time, and it was of positive significance to maintaining social stability and advocating the traditional civilization of the Chinese nation. But after all, what the family pursues is feudal ethics, which to some extent stifles people's creativity, discriminates against women and fundamentally maintains women's subordinate nature to men. For these, both politicians and writers have already made enough comments, so I don't need to say more. Generally speaking, the revision of music is advocated. Advocates or patriarchs are more outstanding people who have a certain voice in politics and economy, and some people who are very enthusiastic about clan affairs. As soon as someone proposed, the family began to organize: it was nothing more than holding a meeting of representatives of each room to raise funds, determining the editorial team and printing team, and then investigating, editing, summarizing, drafting and printing. After the music is composed, it is generally celebrated with a big banquet, and all the people participate, which is called "making music." It should be pointed out that in the old days, the cost of repairing a genealogy was very huge, and some families exhausted their family property or even borrowed money just because of repairing a genealogy. It's about the past. After liberation, because the clan ranks among the "three mountains", but also for social stability, but also because of the fundamental changes in ideology, the clan and the revision of genealogy have always been prohibited by the government. Not only can it not be revised, but the old genealogy is still being copied and burned. Many people have taken great pains and risks to preserve a family tree, which is beyond the imagination of young people nowadays. After Taiwan Province's policy of opening veterans to visit relatives in the mainland, Taiwan Province people attached great importance to genealogy and gave strong financial support, which made it necessary and possible to repair genealogy. The government's political openness and academic circles' use of genealogy as research materials also caused the government to "not advocate or oppose" genealogy. As a result, the tide of repairing genealogy suddenly rose. At this time, in 1988, The new era is bound to have new characteristics. Now, the clan has no existing institutions, so how to organize the revision of the spectrum? We still have to advocate practice. The origin of everything must be suggested by enthusiastic people. I have made a rough summary. At present, most of the advocates are enthusiastic about clan affairs, followed by the venerable elders of their own ethnic groups, and then the ethnic groups who are richer in economy and have certain influence in politics. Now that someone has initiated it, it is necessary to hold a preparatory meeting. Participants in the preparatory meeting must be representative. First, each room should be represented, second, all localities should be represented, and third, attention should be paid to attracting celebrities from all sessions, especially politics and economics. The preparatory meeting should produce two results: first, unify thoughts and make sure that genealogy must be revised; Second, set up a genealogy compilation Committee (Council) to elect the person in charge. This Committee (Council) is the organizer of this revision. The person in charge of the Committee (Council), or the director, or the chairman, plays an important role. He should be a respected elder, with a high seniority and more influence than what he says. There are generally two situations here: the first situation is that the elderly person has a relatively strong working ability, so it is very suitable for him to take charge of the work of the team. There is another situation. Although this old man has a high seniority, all the people respect him very much, and he must be elected as the director (chairman), but his physical condition, working ability and knowledge level seem to be incompetent for this job. At this time, we can consider electing an executive director (chairman) with strong working ability to do the actual work. In this way, we can take care of our emotions and get a job. After the revision team is determined, it is bound to meet regularly or irregularly. The main tasks are as follows: first, determine the editorial team headed by the editor-in-chief; Second, raise funds and determine the scope and standard of expenditure; Third, organize and coordinate the census work; Fourth, organize the review of the draft genealogy; Fifth, printing; Sixth, distribute music and organize celebrations. In the daily organization and management, organizers will encounter many difficulties and many unexpected situations, such as insufficient funds, unsuccessful root-seeking, and people who are unwilling to take part in music editing ... All these need to be solved by organizers with enthusiasm, carefulness, patience, superb work art and good coordination ability. In the organizational work of music revision, two things are the most important: first, raising funds, because this is the foundation and the most important guarantee of music revision, which I will discuss in detail in the next part; Secondly, there is coordination, because the members of the Music Revision Committee (Council) come from different regions, and their respective positions, identities, abilities, personalities, aesthetics, educational level, enthusiasm and other aspects are very different, and the awareness level of the people who should be repaired in the whole nation is also different. This requires the person in charge to unite and coordinate the music revision team first, and then rely on all ethnic groups to drive the enthusiasm of the whole team and all ethnic groups with their own enthusiasm, so that the music revision can be completed from beginning to end. The final result of compiling genealogy is to compile genealogy. Therefore, organizers are most concerned about editing. Therefore, organizers should do their best to support and cooperate with editors, respect editors, not interfere in their work, and try their best to create a good working environment for editors, especially editors-in-chief. Second, money is not everything, but it is absolutely impossible without money. The issue of funds has three meanings: fund raising, fund expenditure and fund management. Let's talk about expenses first. Of course, music editing costs money, and the scope of expenses is roughly as follows: 1. Printing expenses. Mainly the cost of printing genealogy, which is the biggest expense in genealogy revision. 2. Office expenses. Including the daily expenses, printing expenses, publicity expenses, communication expenses, utilities, etc. 3. Travel expenses. It is mainly the expenses incurred by the transferred personnel who go abroad to investigate the basic situation of ethnic groups and edit the information they inquire about. 4. Food expenses. It is mainly the expenses of initiating the revision of music scores, concentrating the discussion and distributing music scores, and having dinner at ancestor worship. 5. Personnel salary. This expense is dispensable, mainly depending on how you decide when you discuss it. If you think that repairing the score is to show your love for the clan and you don't need to pay for it, you don't have to spend it. It mainly includes the remuneration paid to members, editors, census takers, etc. 6. Others. The reason why I talk about expenses first is because we need to be clear about how much it will cost to repair the score once, and make a budget accordingly, so as to provide a basis for raising funds. Where does the funding come from? Nothing more than the following aspects: donation: this is the biggest economic source of music editing. Donors are, of course, mostly rich in their own economies. There are a few enthusiastic people who will come forward to donate money first. Organizers should pay attention to giving enough praise and encouragement to this kind of behavior, set it as an example and publicize it vigorously. Then, on this basis, we can find out the economic situation of all ethnic groups. This bottom is generally easy to touch, because the members of the spectrum revision Committee (Council) are composed of representatives from all localities and houses, and they will of course be familiar with the economic situation of the local and local ethnic groups. Draw up a list of ethnic groups with better economic conditions, and then send invitations to call them to a meeting, encourage them to offer love to the clan, and extend enthusiastic hands for this revision. Pay attention to strategies and methods when holding such a meeting. First of all, the invitees are generally ethnic people with relatively rich economy and certain social status, so the reception should be warm and thoughtful, but not luxurious; Secondly, before the meeting, we should fully communicate with several influential invitees, ask them to make some propaganda and talk more about encouragement, and ask them to donate as much as possible to drive all the invitees; Once again, we should vigorously publicize and praise the charity of the people who donated money. People give you money, so you should give them a name as much as possible. Per capita fee: the Committee (Council) may hold a meeting to set a standard, which stipulates that everyone who enters the spectrum should pay a certain fee. The standard should not be high, and it is appropriate to pay 5 ~ 2 yuan per person. Different standards can also be divided for men and women. If the amount of donations is large enough to cover the expenses of repairing music, of course, this fee can be waived. Income from selling genealogy: that is, to subscribe to the genealogy of the people and draw up a price to sell it. It should be noted that every household should be encouraged to hold genealogy, so the price should be much lower than the cost price of printing. Similarly, if the amount of donations is relatively large, it can be changed to free distribution for each household. Judging from the above revenue and expenditure, the fund-raising should be based on the principle of keeping expenditure within limits. In the management and use of funds, we must have strict rules and regulations and financial discipline, improve the procedures of expenditure planning, handling, auditing and approval, and regularly disclose detailed accounts to reassure all ethnic groups and donors. In some places, it is because of the behavior of not recording income, not spending according to regulations, not disclosing accounts, etc., which leads to the opinions of the people and even the death of the people. After the revision of the spectrum, through the final accounts, the funds are generally surplus. The amount of this money varies, and different ethnic groups have different ways to deal with it, which are roughly as follows: (1) setting up a "student fund", "fund for respecting the elderly" and "fund for helping the poor"; Repairing ancestral temples, graves and ancestor worship; Additional remuneration for spectrum repairers. Third, edit a score, the key is editing, and the key is editing. Editors should have a team: one chief editor, several deputy chief editors and several editors. An editor, especially an editor-in-chief, should have a certain foundation in ancient Chinese, writing style and folk customs. Editor-in-chief is the core of editing. He should be responsible for the overall editing work, divide the work among editors, conceive an overall idea of the whole book, formulate a complete plan and a practical work step. (1) Editing steps: 1. Read through the old spectrum. First of all, we should carefully read the old genealogy, especially the last one, find out the format and style of the old genealogy, and have a general understanding of the historical origin and tribal lineage of our nation. 2. Draw a pedigree map. That is to say, all the people in the last old spectrum are drawn on paper according to their seniority, and they are connected by lines from generation to generation. This work is complicated, but it is also very important. Because only when you have finished drawing the genealogy map can you have a clear understanding of the room and seniority of the people in the old genealogy, and more importantly, you will not miss the people in the census. Drawing with a large roll of drawing paper, drawing many horizontal lines into several grids (as many grids as there are generations in the old spectrum), and each grid (across) is written with such generations; The words on the left in the small box indicate the spectrum names, such as "Pifan", "Maojun", "Yanggan" and "Yangyuan"; On the right is a word or name, such as Pifan, the word is blessed and shaded; The "Pufan 3" in brackets after Mao Jun (Kecheng) box indicates that Mao Jun is the third son of Pufan and adopted him as a son of Pifan. Connect these names, that is, generation after generation, Pifanzi I: Maojun, Maojunzi II; Raise dry, raise it. After drawing the whole picture, you will be very clear in your mind when conducting a census of the existing population. For example, if you ask the census taker to raise a cadre's family and a yuan's family ... there will be no reversal of the order when arranging the catalogue in the future. 3. Census. The census is a comprehensive and detailed investigation of the people who were still alive after the last revision of the spectrum and those who were born after the last revision of the spectrum. What does the census include? The following is a census form I designed: XX Yuan's X-family genealogy census form General number: classification number: word generation spectrum name: word number: line: address: county (district), township (town), village (street) group (neighborhood committee) Father: spectrum name: word: date of birth: date of death: date of year, month, year, month, year, year, year, and was buried in the yamagata work unit. Date of death: Date of death: Date of death was buried in Yamagata, Date of death. Work unit: Education level: Position: Title: Resume: Female: Remarks Information provider (signature) Not every item is required in the year of the month of the year. It should be noted that the "spectrum name" in the first line should of course be filled in if the census object is a person with an old spectrum, and if it is a person born after the old spectrum. 4. Organize the census data. According to each census form, write articles for each ethnic group. When sorting out the census data, we should pay attention to choosing the spectral names for the people. Each family has its own unique word generation, and people of the same generation take the same word as a sign. These words, as generations, are usually a poem or aphorism. According to the word generation, the name is called "spectral name" After everyone is born, parents will give you a name, or a birth name, or a scientific name when you grow up. This name is also a symbol of your daily work. Everyone's name reflects their parents' will and aesthetic standards, or their own aesthetic standards, which are varied and varied. If you only rely on these names, you can't judge the seniority of people in the same family, so the spectral names came into being. The specific method is: the same generation takes this same word, and another different word is used to form the spectrum name, the name he uses every day.