1. If the signer signs as an agent, and there are legal agency procedures and the lender knows that he is an agent, the signer will not bear legal responsibility, and the actual borrower shall be responsible for repayment.
2. If the loan is signed for others without the above circumstances, the signatory belongs to the lender in the civil legal relationship and has the legal obligation to repay the loan. If the actual lender fails to repay the loan at that time, the signatory shall be responsible for repayment.
3. If it is a husband and wife loan, the signature of the spouse means that the husband and wife are jointly responsible for signing the loan.
Generally speaking, there are only three possibilities for signing IOUs, namely, the borrower, the guarantor or the witness. Due to the different nature and relationship, these types of people have great differences in legal responsibility. It is widely believed that:
1. If the borrower signs, it is deemed as the borrower. If the borrower is inconsistent with the actual borrower, there must be relevant proof to the contrary, otherwise it will be liable for repayment; If you sign at the back, and just below the same line, you can think that * * * is the same borrower and bears the repayment responsibility.
2. Anyone who signs in the blank space far away from the borrower's signature on the IOU is generally recognized as a witness and does not bear the repayment responsibility, but it is best to mark the word witness, otherwise it is very likely to be recognized as * * * with the borrower and bear the repayment responsibility.
3. The guarantor who undertakes the guarantee responsibility for the loan shall mark the word guarantor at the signature, otherwise, he will not undertake the guarantee responsibility without other evidence.
Legal basis:
Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Private Lending Cases
Article 20
If another person signs or seals the creditor's rights certificate or loan contract such as IOUs, receipts, IOUs, but fails to indicate that he is the guarantor or assumes the guarantee responsibility, or cannot be presumed as the guarantor through other facts, and the lender requests him to assume the guarantee responsibility, the people's court will not support it.
Company Law of the People's Republic of China
essay
The company is an enterprise legal person, with independent legal person property and legal person property rights. The company is liable for its debts with all its property.
Shareholders of a limited liability company shall be liable to the company to the extent of their subscribed capital contribution; Shareholders of a joint stock limited company shall be liable to the company to the extent of the shares subscribed by them.