Cleopatra

Cleopatra in history

She was a descendant of a general under Alexander the Great, who gave her the nickname "Cleopatra" "After", many movies, plays, novels, poems, and paintings were produced because of her. She is Cleopatra. But what kind of woman was Cleopatra in history? Is she a heroine who devotes herself to love? Bare-breasted dying greedy queen? Or is he an ordinary-looking but talented college scholar? The latest research results have solved these mysteries one by one.

The legendary Cleopatra is a "unparalleled voluptuous temptress" who once made the kings of the powerful Roman Empire fall under her pomegranate skirt.

Cleopatra was born in 69 BC. She was one of the monarchs canonized by the Ptolemaic Dynasty after Alexander the Great conquered Egypt. Her father, Ptolemy XII, appointed his eldest son Ptolemy to rule Egypt with her. Cleopatra ascended the throne in 51 BC.

Kleopatra was undoubtedly a focal figure in ancient Egypt. According to later generations’ accounts, this peerless Egyptian beauty not only temporarily preserved a dynasty with her stunning beauty, but also Moreover, the kings of the powerful Roman Empire fell under his pomegranate skirt and willingly worked for him. Dante's "Inferno" and Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar" all described this legendary woman as "the most voluptuous temptress"; Bernard Shaw also called her "a willful and unfeeling woman".

In the Hollywood blockbuster "Cleopatra", Cleopatra was also portrayed as seducing Emperor Caesar with her beauty, helping him defeat his biological brother and take the throne; after Caesar was assassinated , she charmed Anthony again. However, Antony's actions aroused the anger of the Roman citizens. After being completely defeated in the battle with the Romans, Cleopatra saw that the situation was over and had no choice but to commit suicide by eating a poisonous snake in her chest. She was only 38 years old.

What kind of woman was the real Cleopatra in history? Recent sculptures have unveiled its mystery.

Rumors have created an image of a stunningly beautiful queen, and her mystery and methods have naturally become the focus of attention. Although the mysterious shadow of "Cleopatra" can always be seen in unofficial histories, legends and literary works, there are very few documentary materials about her. What kind of woman was the real Cleopatra in history? Is she really so beautiful? The answer to this question is best found in the statues of her time that have been handed down to this day. However, there are very few statues that have been preserved to this day. Fortunately, the Berlin Museum in Germany still has a portrait of Cleopatra that is said to be the best and most complete in the world.

The Cleopatra shown in this portrait is not beautiful: she looks like an ordinary woman, with her hair simply in a bun and a simple style. This kind of dress obviously cannot capture her. The love of a Roman general. Her nose should be aquiline, but her mouth is not sexy. She also doesn't wear any jewelry. No earrings, no necklace

Legend has it that Cleopatra was the first woman in the world to discover the healing properties of Dead Sea black mud and apply it to health and beauty. She ordered her maid to collect Dead Sea black mud and smear it all over her body to make her skin delicate and rosy. In order to occupy this precious resource on earth for a long time, she even encouraged the Roman army to occupy the Dead Sea.

Among the many famous women in history, "Cleopatra" Cleopatra is undoubtedly a focal figure. With her beauty, this peerless Egyptian beauty not only temporarily preserved a dynasty, but also made the emperors of the powerful Roman Empire bow to her and willingly work for her. Although the mysterious shadow of "Cleopatra" can always be seen in unofficial histories, legends and literary works, there is very little cultural relic information about her.

However, archaeologists have made amazing discoveries recently. They found the decree signed by "Cleopatra" and the ancient city where she once lived. These cultural relics are enough to prove that this ancient Egyptian queen was far away. The country is governed not only by beauty and lust, but by wisdom.

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The discovery of the decree signed by "Cleopatra" was purely accidental. If it hadn't been for the meticulousness of Dutch historian Peter Van Minny, perhaps no one would have discovered that an ancient Egyptian mummy in the Berlin Museum in Germany actually hid a huge secret.

This is an ordinary Egyptian mummy in the Berlin Museum, so it has been collected in the museum for more than 100 years. It has never attracted the attention of archaeologists or researchers.

When Belgian papyrus expert Jan Bigen received special permission to conduct a comprehensive study of the mummies in the Berlin collection, one day he suddenly discovered an ancient yellowed papyrus sandwiched in the mummy's cloth. . Minnie's heart was beating wildly. Based on his first impression, this was definitely a document from a certain era in ancient Egypt. When he carefully picked out the 16-karat piece of papyrus bit by bit from the mummy, his heart beat faster again - the papyrus was filled with dense text. Bigen, who had a treasure of ancient Egyptian writing, took this treasure The piece of paper was "invited" into the special appraisal room. With the help of an ordinary magnifying glass, Biegun was able to identify that it was an official document from a certain dynasty in ancient Egypt, with the date of receipt on it. It is very regrettable that Biegun couldn't wait to publish his results in the authoritative archaeological monthly magazine in October, and arbitrarily determined that it was an ordinary contract between a farmer and a gentleman in Egypt.

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When Dutch historian Van Minnie saw this research paper, he immediately noticed something suspicious: Judging from the published pictures alone, this This document is by no means a private contract, but an authentic ancient Egyptian government document. Minni immediately asked the publisher for an enlarged photo of the document. When he entered the photo into his computer, Minni concluded "within 30 seconds" that it was a document from the Egyptian royal palace.

Ancient Egyptian historians immediately converted the year on the document’s header—February 23, 33 BC. In 33 BC, wasn't this the Ptolemaic Dynasty under the rule of "Cleopatra" Cleopatra VII? The archaeologists screamed in surprise.

An even more surprising discovery is yet to come. The contents of the document were clearly handwritten and, judging by the strength of the pen, appeared to have been written by a male official. The specific content of the document is that the King of Egypt promised to give the Roman Empire General Canidis preferential import and export tariffs on goods-allowing him to export 10,000 bags of wheat to Egypt duty-free every year and import 5,000 amperes of fine Egyptian wine. There is a word "juanxiu" at the end of this document, which is obviously completely different from the font of the document content, and it is obviously a female handwriting.

When the word was clearly revealed under a 40x professional magnifying glass, Minni screamed in surprise: Isn’t genestho the Greek word for consent when the king of ancient Egypt signed a decree?

The king of Egypt, 33 BC, the general of the Roman Empire, plus the signature of a woman - isn't this the autograph of "Cleopatra"?

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Any relics and new theories about "Cleopatra" Cleopatra will always attract the attention of the world. It’s no wonder that the last queen of the Ptolemaic dynasty of ancient Egypt, her legendary beauty and her love affair with heroes such as Caesar and Antony, have inspired poets, writers, painters and artists of all ages. Imagination, such as Dante's "Inferno" and Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar", have all described her as a "unparalleled voluptuous temptress"; and Bernard Shaw also called her "a willful and unfeeling woman" ". However, there are also historical records saying that her beauty was "not outstanding or amazing." Some archaeologists also joked: "If her nose were not so high, I am afraid that world history would have been rewritten." In the Hollywood blockbuster "Cleopatra", Cleopatra was even portrayed as Her coloring lured Caesar to fall under her pomegranate skirt and help him defeat his biological brother and seize the throne; after Caesar's assassination, she attracted Antony to work for her.

But God did not follow people's wishes, and Antony's actions aroused the anger of the Roman citizens. After being completely defeated in the battle with the Romans, Cleopatra saw that the situation was over and had no choice but to commit suicide by eating a poisonous snake into her breast. She was only 38 years old.

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Precisely because "Cleopatra" is so legendary, any discovery of historical artifacts about her has caused a worldwide sensation, especially in Archeology. After the news of the discovery of the decree signed by "Cleopatra" came out, the world's archaeological community was excited. Archaeological experts from the British Museum, who are deeply impressed by the academic level of the Dutch historian Minny, are convinced that the manuscript discovered by Minny was definitely signed by Cleopatra, because Minny's research has never missed it. Susan Walker, deputy curator of Greek and Roman Antiquities at the British Museum, said with certainty: "This must be Cleopatra's autograph, because the content of the document can be traced back to 33 BC. It was Cleopatra who This was the only handwriting left by Cleopatra during the reign of Oppetra VII." Volker further analyzed that this handwritten document is not only a government document, but also a concrete example of "Cleopatra's" political skills. reflect.

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According to the historical facts recorded by Plutarch, the famous ancient Greek biographer and essayist, in his famous work "Comparative Biographies of Greek and Roman Celebrities", "Cleopatra After Caesar's death, Cleopatra desperately sought Antony's protection, but she encountered a soft obstacle. So Cleopatra immediately turned her main attack direction to Canidis, Antony's most capable general. , and finally bribed this influential Roman general, Canidis later convinced Antony to agree to protect Cleopatra, and Antony also fell into Cleopatra's gentle trap. "Extricate yourself" Despite everything Plutarch said, historians and archaeologists have never found conclusive evidence that might prove these historical facts. The autographed document of Cleopatra discovered this time is ironclad evidence that "Cleopatra" bribed the generals of the Roman Empire.

However, two years later, in 31 BC, Canidis joined the crusade against "Cleopatra" and Antony. The commander-in-chief of the Roman Empire's land armies and Austrian The naval forces commanded by Gustus joined forces and defeated "Cleopatra" and her lover Antony.

Alan Bowman, another ancient Egyptian historian, said: "The discovery of this document shows that 'Cleopatra' did not rely solely on her beauty to protect her country and her throne. She The techniques used are no different from how we deal with international relations now. This is the true embodiment of the beauty and wisdom of 'Cleopatra.' In fact, ancient Egypt still maintained its power during Cleopatra's reign. Extremely prosperous. At the beginning of this year, when the American archaeologist Godio and his Egyptian colleagues dived into the seabed off Alexandria, they saw block after block and statue after statue. That was "Cleopatra" Cleopatra. The love nest she built with her last lover, Michael Anthony, was Alexandria. It was the ocean explorer Frank Goddio and his archaeological expedition that brought this legendary royal city back to life. Their amazing discoveries proved that the ancient Egyptian history was still prosperous. It also proves that "Cleopatra" is not only a beautiful queen, but also a queen with outstanding talents