The main factors affecting e-commerce transactions are as follows:
1. Technical factors:
E-commerce technology refers to the electronic technology used to realize the entire business process. A general term for computer technology, network technology and remote technology used in digitization, digitization and networking, such as office automation, financial business, production process, enterprise collaboration, customer relationship management, supply chain management and parent and subsidiary management, etc. Scholars' research shows that enterprises' adoption of e-commerce technology can effectively reduce the company's operating costs, improve production efficiency and expand market size. Technical factors are the main factors that influence the adoption of innovations by individuals, organizations or a certain industry. They are divided into influencing factors in the e-commerce technology adoption stage and influencing factors in the e-commerce technology integration stage. Mainly include: relative advantage of technology, enterprise e-commerce technology level, trust in e-commerce technology, network externalities, environmental infrastructure conditions, etc.
a. Relative advantage of technology: Research shows that the more obvious the relative advantage of e-commerce technology, the more likely companies are to adopt it.
b. E-commerce technology level: It is the main component of the enterprise's internal IT environment. That is, the higher the technical level, the more IT professionals and technicians with rich relevant experience, the easier it is for enterprises to adopt e-commerce technology.
c. Trust in e-commerce technology: According to the basic principles of trust theory, the more trust an enterprise has in e-commerce technology, the easier it is to adopt the technology. As the basis of e-commerce security, the technical trust mechanism penetrates into all aspects of the e-commerce network and provides reliable technical guarantee for fast e-commerce services. The security services included in the technical trust mechanism mainly include: digital signature, encryption technology and authorization mechanism. These services provide reliable, timely, accurate and complete data processing support, and even include a control mechanism, which is to monitor and control the process. Ensure correct execution of procedures. The changes that e-commerce brings to enterprises are not only technical, but also accompanied by changes in enterprise management models. This requires senior managers of enterprises to have the courage and courage to innovate, overcome obstacles from all aspects, and transform the enterprise's old Management style, therefore, the success of e-commerce technology cannot be separated from the strong support of top managers.
d. Network externality: refers to the value of being connected to a network, which depends on the number of other people or organizations that are still connected to the network. The ability of enterprises to better utilize e-commerce technology to obtain benefits mainly depends on the number of other enterprises connected to the network.
e. Environmental infrastructure conditions: The use of e-commerce technology mainly relies on the Internet. Therefore, the quality of environmental telecommunications infrastructure conditions will significantly affect the spread of e-commerce technology. Good infrastructure conditions It will accelerate the adoption of e-commerce technology by enterprises.
With the development of information technology. More and more companies are beginning to try to use Internet-based e-commerce technology to improve their own business performance. By using e-commerce, companies can easily share product information with other companies, promote product transactions, improve customer service and strengthen Cooperation and communication with trading partners.
2. Organizational factors:
a. Trading partner trust mechanism. We interpret this trading partner trust mechanism as an organization's trust in its trading partners and thus its willingness to fulfill business transactions. Because this willingness is consistent with the organization's expectations for the transaction. We believe this is a prerequisite for e-commerce. If both parties to a transaction lack trust in each other, business activities cannot rise to a higher level. In fact, the prosperity of e-commerce must be based on higher reliability among trading partners. This is also the purpose of our trading partner trust mechanism.
b. The power of trading partners. In recent research, researchers have demonstrated the impact of customer power on electronic data interchange (EDI). These studies indicate that growing customer power has led to the continued simplification of electronic data interchange diversity. Even some other theories support this theory, and the higher bargaining power of industrial consumers and suppliers is likely to lead to lower industrial profits.
Therefore, we believe that the power of transaction parties can have a considerable impact on the organizational benefits of e-commerce.
c. The power of trading partners. In recent research, researchers have demonstrated the impact of customer power on electronic data interchange (EDI). These studies indicate that growing customer power has led to the continued simplification of electronic data interchange diversity. Even some other theories support this theory, and the higher bargaining power of industrial consumers and suppliers is likely to lead to lower industrial profits. Therefore, we believe that the power of transaction parties can have a considerable impact on the organizational benefits of e-commerce.
d. Strategic flexibility. Strategic flexibility is a capability that emphasizes the core position of strategic management. This management capability accurately aligns, integrates, and reorganizes skills, resources, and functions within and outside the organization. to meet the requirements of the changing environment. Therefore, we expect that strategic flexibility can play a certain role in promoting the organizational benefits of e-commerce.
e. Supply chain integration mechanism. We consider supply chain integration to be the integration of an organization's direct customers and suppliers. It reflects the relative importance of external integration as an expression of upstream and downstream integration. In addition, this concept reflects that in e-commerce enterprises, internal integration is as important as organizational structure.
f. Organizational interests. It is undeniable that the ultimate goal of e-commerce is to bring benefits to the organization. Of course, this will eventually lead to more intense competition. In the past ten years, the evaluation of e-commerce technology has been the focus of the industry and once aroused the interest of academia and industry. In short, the benefits that organizations gain from e-commerce technology mainly come from four aspects: information quality, communication effectiveness, business efficiency and competitive advantage.
The benefits that organizations obtain from e-commerce technology mainly come from the four aspects of information quality, communication effectiveness, business efficiency and competitive advantage; the general background for realizing these four sources of benefits is the development of e-commerce Application network; the internal and external environment of the organization itself are key factors, mainly reflected in six aspects: trading partner trust mechanism, technology trust mechanism, trading partner strength, e-commerce infrastructure, strategic flexibility, and supply chain integration mechanism.
3. Environmental factors:
a. Political environment of e-commerce: Taking Shijiazhuang as an example, the overall level of e-commerce in our city is still low. In promoting the improvement of urban service functions, The role of industrial structure optimization and upgrading has not yet been fully exerted. However, it is “the general trend” to accelerate the development of e-commerce. Accelerating the development of e-commerce is an inevitable choice to implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, promote the transformation of economic development methods, improve the quality and efficiency of economic operations, and achieve sound and rapid economic development.
Shijiazhuang City’s e-commerce planning period is divided into three stages: the first stage is from 2009 to 2011 as the short-term goal. The task is to complete the overall e-commerce planning, rationalize the e-commerce construction management system, and establish An innovative organization for e-commerce development has completed the construction of Shijiazhuang City's comprehensive e-commerce information network and the construction of third-party e-commerce public service and transaction platforms. The e-commerce environment including credit system, electronic payment system, logistics and distribution system, etc. has been basically formed. , the city's enterprises carry out regular e-commerce applications to more than 30% of the total number of enterprises, the proportion of online purchasing and sales of key enterprises in their total purchasing and sales exceeds 25% and 10% respectively, and more than 50% of urban households with computers are involved in online consumption. The second stage is from 2012 to 2015 as the mid-term goal. The goal is that the city's enterprises carry out regular e-commerce applications to reach more than 40% of the total number of enterprises, and the proportion of online purchasing and sales of key enterprises in their total purchasing and sales exceeds 40% and 40% respectively. 20. More than 60% of urban households with computers are involved in online consumption. The third stage is from 2016 to 2020 as the long-term goal. The goal is to significantly improve the level of enterprise e-commerce application. The city's enterprises will carry out regular e-commerce applications to reach more than 80% of the total number of enterprises. Online procurement and sales of key enterprises account for their procurement and sales. The proportions of total sales exceeded 60% and 40% respectively, and more than 80% of urban households with computers are involved in online consumption.
b. Economic environment of e-commerce: The economic environment of e-commerce refers to the economic conditions for establishing business activities on technical platforms supported by information and network technology, including information network infrastructure, enterprise information and financial electronics. In a good e-commerce economic environment, enterprises can use the Internet to transcend spatial boundaries and carry out transactions on a global scale from raw material inquiry and procurement to product development, production, promotion, sales, payment settlement and transactions with banks. business. The economic environment of e-commerce includes e-commerce infrastructure construction, enterprise informatization and financial electronics. Since the 1990s, the development of network information technology and infrastructure construction in our province have developed at an extraordinary speed, and a certain foundation has been laid. However, due to reasons such as economic strength, scientific and technological development level, and management, our province's existing network infrastructure and related scientific and technological levels are still at a relatively low level. Internet speeds are slow, fees are high, and the amount of Chinese information online is insufficient. It has become a very prominent problem reported by Internet users. The informatization construction of enterprises in our province has a history of more than 20 years. Many enterprises have established internal networks and use information network technology to varying degrees for information processing and auxiliary management. Many companies with information hardware equipment often regard building their own websites and collecting electronic orders through the Internet as all e-commerce, and cannot use information technology and existing hardware facilities to informatize the entire process within the company. As a result, many companies Slow response to market information results in missed business opportunities and very low efficiency. The establishment of the socialist market economic system requires enterprises to seek their own development and be responsible for their own profits and losses. In the process of enterprise informatization, existing information technology resources should first be fully utilized. As the reform of the economic system deepens, enterprises should mainly rely on their own strength to raise funds. By improving the credibility of the enterprise, the enterprise can meet the demand for funds by accelerating the informatization process of the enterprise through financing from financial enterprises and the capital market.
c. The social environment of e-commerce: the team of netizens is small, the structure is immature, and development is extremely unbalanced. The latest Internet development report shows that the proportion of Chinese netizens with higher education is as high as 84%. The current netizens have the nature of a vanguard and are far from popular. The network awareness of enterprises and individuals is immature. At present, many companies have built their own websites to conduct online business. It should be said that corporate Internet access has become popular. But the problem is that many companies don't know what they can do online, or they just think they're just building a website. A recent survey by the State Economic and Trade Commission of 300 national key enterprises found that although more than 70 of them have connected to the Internet, most of them have only set up homepages and email addresses online, and have neither used network information nor conducted business online. Some companies have over-exaggerated the role of e-commerce, pursuing large, comprehensive, diversified, and all-round e-commerce operations, but failed to select their own key resources or links, or overemphasized the front-end system and ignored the back-end system. Construction and management of enterprise internal networks.