Liu Yasheng, also known as Liu Lizhen. 19 10 was born in a peasant family in Mintaitou Village, Hejian County, Hebei Province. Liu Yasheng's father was sold to others as an adopted son when he was young. When Yasheng was six years old, his father died of overwork, and his mother was cursed as "Foucault's jinx" and was driven out of the house. Yasheng's brothers had to live in a cowshed with his mother all the year round, leading a miserable and hard life.
Liu Yasheng loved reading since he was a child. He can't afford to go to school, so he has to have classes outside the school window every day. Whether it is windy, rainy or snowy, he never stops. Without money to buy pens and paper, he used branches as pens, mud as paper and wrote on the ground. His studious spirit deeply touched the teacher, so he accepted him as an apprentice. Because Liu Yasheng studied hard, a few years later, he became the most "learned" person among the children.
From 65438 to 0927, Liu Yasheng was admitted to Baoding No.2 Normal University with excellent results. The study expenses are all funded by his relatives. He knows that the opportunity to study is rare, cherishes his time very much and works hard, hoping to have a career to support his mother and brother in the future. 193 1 The school announced an early holiday because of student unrest. He received a profound education from this student movement and deeply felt that this corrupt society must be reformed.
Liu Yasheng left school and went to Beijing to find ways to transform society. After arriving in Beijing, he first found his cousin Liu Jinsan and made a living by selling newspapers. 1932 during the summer vacation, Liu Yasheng borrowed Liu Lizhen's middle school diploma from his village and passed the history department of Peking University. However, when the school started, I had to sit in at Peking University because I couldn't afford the tuition. Liu Yasheng also used the name Liu Lizhen in Peking University. In Peking University, Ya attends classes during the day, tutors others at night, or translates manuscripts for magazines and writes steel plates for lithograph studios ... Academically, his main focus is on studying the history of China. I don't know how many sleepless nights he spent, so he compiled a book "The History of China Revolution" and sold it to a publishing house cheaply because he needed money badly.
Peking University is a school with a long history and glorious revolutionary tradition. There are not only secret party organizations and league organizations in the school, but also many progressive societies. Liu Yasheng joined the left-wing literary group "China Social Scientists Union", and he often made impassioned speeches among students. 1On February 9th, 935, more than 6,000 students in Peiping held a demonstration under the leadership of China's * * * production party, shouting slogans such as "Stop the civil war, unite with the outside world" and "Down with Japanese imperialism". The Kuomintang government dispatched a large number of military police to suppress and arrest patriotic students. Liu Yasheng was also arrested by the enemy. Later, it was actively rescued by the party organization and released. Liu Yasheng grew up rapidly after the battle baptism of the "December 9" movement. 1936 joined the producers' party in China. From then on, Liu Yasheng devoted all his energy to the great torrent of revolution and consciously struggled for the liberation of the proletariat.
1937, Japanese imperialism created the "Lugouqiao Incident" in an attempt to annex all of China. At this critical juncture of the Chinese nation's life and death, the China Producer Party called on the people of the whole country to arm themselves against Japanese imperialist aggression. Liu Yasheng enthusiastically responded to the party's call and went to Taiyuan, the anti-Japanese front of the * * * production party, to join the army with seven students including Wang Jieqing.
Liu Yasheng was assigned to the 359th Brigade of the Eighth Route Army as a secretary. Liu Yasheng came to the revolutionary ranks and lived a very happy life. Every day, he has to hurry to finish his daily work, then go downstairs, sometimes help the cookhouse squad, sometimes teach the soldiers to read, and sometimes tell stories to the soldiers ... No matter the leader or the soldier, he is regarded as a culture teacher, as a bosom friend, and there is no gap between him and his comrades. Because of his high myopia, everyone nicknamed him "Liu Blind".
1942 Liu Yasheng used to be the propaganda chief of the political department of the 359th Brigade. The troops were stationed in Suide, Shaanxi, and then moved to Nanniwan near Yan 'an. According to the strategic deployment of Chairman Mao and the CPC Central Committee, the troops engaged in large-scale production movements while fighting.
1944, 359 brigade went south and arrived in Hunan. Liu Yasheng served as the propaganda minister of the army. This unit is active in Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hubei and other places, which has dealt a heavy blow to the stubborn forces of the Japanese aggressors and the enemy puppet troops.
1In August, 945, under the leadership of China's * * * Production Party, the people of China finally defeated the Japanese invaders and won the victory in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression after eight years of fighting. At this time, Liu Yasheng was promoted to deputy director of the political department of the 359 brigade, and the troops were stationed in the Hubei, Henan and Anhui base areas. At this time, the Kuomintang reactionaries continued to create friction, blocked the base areas, and attempted to trap the soldiers and civilians in the base areas. 1In June, 946, with the support of American imperialism, Chiang Kai-shek tore up the October 10th Agreement and launched an all-out attack on the liberated areas. In order to smash the attack of the Kuomintang reactionaries completely, the 359 Brigade was ordered to withdraw from the base areas of Hubei, Henan and Anhui and go north to Yan 'an.
Chiang Kai-shek was informed of the breakthrough route of the Central Plains Military Region, and immediately mobilized his own Hu Zongnan and Herry Liu troops to pursue and block nearly 300,000 troops. In order to get rid of the enemy, the troops traveled day and night, wading through mountains and rivers and sleeping in the wind. During the March, Liu Yasheng often gave his horse to patients. On August 7, the troops entered the Qinling Mountains, and Liu Yasheng suffered from severe gastrointestinal diseases. The brigade commander thinks that he is not fit to move with the army. So he decided to adjust his makeup with his wife, He Wei.
To Yan 'an. Hearing the decision of the party organization, Liu Yasheng shed tears. He didn't want to leave the army and his comrades. The brigade commander managed to persuade him. Liu Yasheng put on a suit, dressed as a country teacher, and left the army with his wife. But Liu Yasheng suddenly came back soon and asked him to stay in the army for a while. Finally persuaded him to leave the army. When they walked near Heishan Town in Shaanxi Province, they were captured by Kuomintang troops.
After Liu Yasheng was captured, he was renamed Liu Weiguang. The enemy escorted him to Xi 'an concentration camp. In prison, Liu Yasheng always stood firm and fought the enemy with high morale. The enemy asked him to fill out the autobiography form, but he refused to fill it out. When the enemy interrogated him, Liu Yasheng kept saying that he was a teacher. Liu Yasheng also gave moral integrity education to comrades around him. Under his education, most comrades can be faithful and unyielding. However, some people can't stand the enemy's threats and inducements, lose their revolutionary integrity and become shameful traitors. Yang of the original 359 brigade is such a creature. He not only betrayed Liu Yasheng, but also helped the enemy surrender. One day, Yang said to Liu Yasheng, "The 359th Brigade captured many people. Now it seems impossible to hide what we know. It is better to say it early than late, so as not to suffer. " Liu Yasheng said sternly: "There are three kinds of talents in Xi 'an concentration camp: talents, dogs and slaves". After knowing what Liu Yasheng was capable of, the traitor left despondently. When Hu Zongnan knew the true identity of Ya, he was ecstatic. 1one day in early March, 947, he personally went to the concentration camp to do Liu Yasheng's work and bought him off with the position of major general. Ya-sheng liu flatly refused, Hu Zongnan was speechless.
On March 19 this year, the central government decided to temporarily abandon Yan 'an. The Kuomintang started all propaganda machines, created rumors, created newspapers and radio stations, and shouted all day. Deng Wenyi, the news director of the Kuomintang Ministry of National Defense, also led a reporter observation team to Yan 'an for so-called on-the-spot observation, in order to further create counter-revolutionary public opinion and deceive the people. In Xi 'an concentration camp, the enemy also wanted to take the opportunity to fight a psychological offensive war against Liu Yasheng and others. On March 2, Deng Wenyi and his gang fled to Xi 'an concentration camp and called.
Liu Yasheng talked about the responsibility of civil war at the high-level tea party of military and political affairs. Liu Yasheng took this opportunity to unceremoniously expose the Kuomintang's crime of waging civil war. In April, the enemy organized an "anti-Mao study group" in an concentration camp. Liu Yasheng took the lead in refusing to participate, so he was beaten by the enemy. After all kinds of lure and surrender failed, the despicable enemy played the last trump card and called He Wei, who had been bought by them, to persuade Liu Yasheng to surrender. One day, Liu Yasheng was punished for refusing to talk about the Three People's Principles, and he was seriously injured. He Wei came in and threw himself into Liu Yasheng's arms, crying and saying, "Yasheng, even if the revolution wins in the future, who knows our suffering today?" If anything happens to you, who will I rely on in the future? ..... "Liu Yasheng knew that his wife was an enemy, so he stood up with all his strength and said angrily," You betrayed your soul, shameless! "He Wei saw that general persuasion was invalid, and he had to file for divorce. Liu Yasheng did not hesitate to pick up the pen and paper that the enemy asked him to write a "confession". With a wave of his hand, he wrote a divorce document and threw it to the traitor. He Wei was given a special task by the enemy and went bankrupt completely in front of Liu Yasheng.
Later, the enemy detained Liu Yasheng alone in the headquarters. The enemy is angry and afraid of Liu Yasheng. They want to bury him alive, but they also want to get important military information from him.
1September, 947, the enemy escorted Liu Yasheng to Nanjing in the name of "offering sacrifices to senior prisoners of war" and detained him in the detention center of the Ministry of National Defense.
As soon as Liu Yasheng entered the prison, he gathered in front of every friend's face and looked at it again from the beginning. He also said in his mouth: "Come thousands of miles to meet and know each other. From now on, we share weal and woe. " I also wrote down everyone's names. Everyone asked him what his name was. He said, "In our family, everyone used to call me Liu Blind. I think you can just call me blind Liu, so that I can feel at home. "In just a few words, everyone is quite familiar with him.
In order to give Liu Yasheng a scare, the enemy arraigned him on the first night of his imprisonment and didn't send him back until dawn the next day. The enemy spent the whole night trying out a new type of torture device on him, completely destroying Liu Yasheng's body. The enemy knew that Liu Yasheng would die if he didn't go out for medical treatment. Just then, a guy who claimed to be an alumnus of Peking University came to Liu Yasheng's cell. He first scolded the jailer, then claimed that he admired Liu Yasheng's integrity and risked being suspected to protect Liu Yasheng from medical parole, but asked Liu Yasheng to verbally promise that he would not oppose the "government" in the future. He also verbally said two words, which were embarrassing, not written, and completely didn't count. Liu Yasheng, who is very vigilant, has already seen through him and severely rejected him. His cellmate was worried about his health, but he joked with everyone and said, "Why? Are you worried I won't live long? Comrade, my life is long and I can't die! If you don't believe me, I bet you: within three months, if I don't die, you will treat me to Nanjing salted duck! I'm dying. I treat you to Nanjing salted duck. Is the batter out? It is really unreasonable for Nanjing not to eat salted duck. " Several jokes dispelled everyone's nervousness. After a while, Liu Yasheng didn't say a word. When everyone saw it, he had fainted. No-yes, he woke up, looked at his friends around him and said, "Nothing! I didn't think of it at first, but then I thought, damn it! Now you must lose a duck. I was reluctant to part with it, so I came back. " This made everyone laugh. After that, Liu Yasheng insisted on exercising every day and gradually recovered his health.
1947 In the second half of the year, the People's Liberation Army launched a nationwide counterattack in accordance with the strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee, and the military and political situation in China changed fundamentally.
With the change of national conditions, the prison system of the Kuomintang Ministry of National Defense has also changed. Originally, political prisoners could read Kuomintang newspapers to judge the achievements and recent situation of the PLA in the previous stage. But now, even this only source of information has been cut off. Liu Yasheng came up with a good idea. He said, "This can't beat us. he
If you don't let us see, can you stop us from thinking? From now on, every day before breakfast, we will spend an hour recalling the past history, before lunch, we will spend an hour speculating about the external situation, and before dinner, we will spend an hour looking forward to the future. "This method has been adopted by everyone. The result of this is very effective. Looking back on the past and looking forward to the future, everyone is more determined to fight and full of confidence in the victory of the revolution.
From the end of 1948, China People's Liberation Army successfully carried out Liaoshen Campaign, Huaihai Campaign and Pingjin Campaign. Then, under the command of Chairman Mao, millions of mighty men went south to the south of the Yangtze River. On the eve of their imminent demise, the enemy frantically slaughtered producers and patriots, and the number of comrades in prisons decreased day by day. One night, the enemy called Liu Yasheng to the interrogation room and asked, "Is it possible for you to mend your ways?" Liu Yasheng replied, "No, never." Several jailers put Liu Yasheng in the car and sent him to Yuhuatai. Liu Yasheng shouted: "Long live the China Producer Party!" "Down with the Kuomintang reactionaries!" The enemy's gun rang, and the bullet flew over his head. He stood and waited for the second shot, but the enemy didn't fire the second shot, so he pushed him into the car and took him back to prison.
Before dawn the next day, the enemy opened Liu Yasheng's cell, handcuffed him and called Liu Yasheng to get on the bus quickly. Liu Yasheng knew that the enemy was going to kill him. He went to the last friend in distress and said sadly, "I may not see the world we are looking forward to." Please tell the party and comrades when you have the opportunity that I have always missed them and will say goodbye to them soon. The only thing worth masturbating is that I have always maintained the dignity of the title of * * * party member. But the most regrettable thing is that I can't make more valuable contributions to the party with my limited life! "
The enemy pushed Liu Yasheng into the car and took him to Yanziji, which stood upright by the river. One is to tie Liu Yasheng firmly and tie him with a big stone. Then put him on Yanziji's head. The enemy said to Liu Yasheng, "I'll give you one last time to think about it. Is it possible for you to change? " ! "Suddenly, the roar of our artillery came from the north, and Ya-sheng Liu was very excited. Cannons can be heard in the suburbs of Beijing, indicating that the day of revolutionary victory has finally arrived. Pointing to the north, he replied categorically to the enemy and said, "The sound of guns is my answer to you!" " "The enemy was frightened and pushed Ya-sheng Liu into the Yangtze River.
1983, on the occasion of the 35th anniversary of Liu Yasheng's sacrifice, his comrade-in-arms and former brigade commander Wang Zhen wrote an inscription for him: "Liu Yasheng, a martyr with both ability and political integrity, died heroically and never died!"