Basic knowledge and precautions
1. The bill of lading is usually 3 originals and 3 pairs, and there are also 2 originals and 3 pairs. If there is a requirement in the letter of credit, it should be specified with the freight forwarder.
In theory, only one original is needed for telegraphic transfer payment (other originals will automatically become invalid after delivery, and copies cannot be delivered). After T/T receives all the payment, when sending the original to the customer, it may consider keeping one original for itself and sending the rest to the customer (to avoid the loss of the bill of lading during delivery).
2. The carrier (full name) should be displayed on the front of the bill of lading. This is what I know. In fact, when I made the letter of credit, the bank told me that after the bill of lading was not displayed (theoretically, it should be displayed), the carrier could still pay with the documents at ease.
If the front shows the carrier, it will be directly stamped and signed by the carrier company in the lower right corner.
If the carrier is not shown on the front and the bill of lading is signed by the transport bank, the identity of the signatory should be indicated when signing the bill of lading.
A bill of lading with the full name of the carrier printed on the front but signed by the carrier shall indicate the identity of the carrier when signing.
3. On-board bill of lading and prepared on-board bill of lading:
On-board bill of lading: A bill of lading issued after the goods are shipped.
On-board bill of lading: when the goods are not shipped, they only take over the goods delivered by the shipper on behalf of the carrier, so the bill of lading cannot prove the time of shipment (the date of the on-board bill of lading is not the time of shipment).
Only when the prepared on-board bill of lading is stamped with "on board" and the time of shipment is indicated can it be converted into on-board bill of lading.
The bill of lading cannot have unclean comments.
The consignee and the notifier of the bill of lading must fill in the letter of credit strictly.
6. Issue, date and number of the bill of lading: The bill of lading must be issued by the carrier or the captain or his agent, and the identity of the issuer shall be clearly indicated. Generally expressed as: the carrier, the captain, or "as the agent of the carrier: XXX".
7. If the name of the shipping company (carrier) is printed on the bill of lading, the freight forwarder will generally mark it as the carrier's agent. If the name of the shipping company is not printed on the bill of lading, it will be stamped and signed by the shipping company (your ticket should be the shipping company bill of lading signed by the carrier).
8. Inconsistency between the letter of credit and the bill of lading: the carrier is not shown on the bill of lading. According to Article 23 1 of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, the name of the carrier must be indicated on the surface of the ocean bill of lading, and it shall be signed or otherwise confirmed by the carrier or his named agent or representative, or by the captain or his named agent or representative.
9. The issuer of the bill of lading can be divided into: freight forwarding bill of lading refers to the bill of lading issued by a transportation company engaged in international cargo transportation but not owning a ship. Original bill of lading, commonly known as ocean bill of lading.
Time sequence of making documents under the condition of payment by letter of credit
Contract-> l/c opening-> invoice (the date of invoice should be earlier than the date of presentation and the validity of l/c, and the date on commercial invoice should not be earlier than the date of l/c opening, and the date of invoice should be at the top of each document)-> certificate of origin (the date of certificate of origin should be the same as the date on the invoice made by yourself. The application for certificate of origin can be made on or after the invoice date, and the date of issuance is equal to or later than the invoice date), inspection certificates such as insurance policy, packing list, export license and commodity inspection-> shipping company certificate (if necessary)-> bill of lading date-> draft (the date of draft should be earlier than the presentation date and validity period of the letter of credit), beneficiary certificate (some letters of credit have no beneficiary certificate, which is involved in the document requirements) and shipment notice (within three days after the bill of lading date) In any case, the date of the document to be submitted should be earlier than the submission date.
The above time sequence is basically consistent with the whole foreign trade process, and the details of the whole process will be clear after the complete order is placed.