The ancients' love for virgins is hard to find, which is often reflected in literary works. The examination of hymen is also very strict. The bed of the bride and groom is covered with a white cloth. Seeing red on the white cloth after having sex on the wedding night can prove that the bride is a virgin. If she can't see red, she will be in big trouble. The bride will face the fate of being tortured and may even be unable to turn over for life. If the bride really had sex before marriage, that's fine. If not, it will be a lifelong grievance.
There is a description in Wang Shifu's "The West Chamber": After the first sexual intercourse between Zhang Sheng and Cui Yingying, they looked at the red handkerchief and sang with great satisfaction: "In spring, the garden is full of white English, and the color is red, fragrant and tender." He got the right to be a virgin, so he was complacent and boastful. At this time, Cui Yingying also showed his recognition of male virginity, and regarded virginity as his whole value. She said, "As soon as my daughter leaves, we should take care of her and not let her go, lest my aunt feel bald."
In the book Notes on Insects by Cai Xiezi in Qing Dynasty, a little girl of 12 years old was recorded, wearing a pair of worn trousers with her crotch open and playing with her friends. Suddenly, when she saw a hoe, she put her legs on the handle of the hoe and jumped around. After playing for a while, she went somewhere else. An old man saw the blood mark on the handle of a hoe and knew that the little girl's hymen was broken, so he picked up the hoe and secretly put it aside. Later, this woman got married, and her husband couldn't see the red, so he naturally suspected that she was cheating. The bride tried to explain that she was a girl's body, but the husband just didn't believe it and wanted to get rid of this woman. Things are getting too big. Hearing this, the old man came running with a hoe. All the witnesses and physical evidence were there, and an unjust case was clarified. Otherwise, it is not known whether the woman will commit suicide.
In the Qing dynasty, when virgins were still alive and remarried, some people put forward the idea of "not marrying virgins" He is Hu Shuchao. In a letter to Hu Shuchao, Yuan Mei, a great scholar, praised him as a "self-righteous virgin, not the best in the world" and criticized the custom of loving virgins: "A self-righteous virgin is disloyal? Yuqin met Zhibo and became a martyr. When Wen Jun married him, he became bald. He blames others. First, he asked the teacher what he heard. Think being a virgin is not clean? I wonder if Babel has. The chef will try it first, but what's the harm of the craftsman sitting first after building it? " Even today, Yuan Mei's bold idea of going against the trend is a brilliant one.
The queen also wants a premarital examination.
Pre-marital physical examination for men and women is something that many people think is only now. In fact, there was such an example in ancient China.
According to the secret books about Han chores in ancient books, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty wanted to make the daughter of General Liang Shang a queen. Before their marriage, Emperor Huan of Han specially sent a female official, Wu Xie, to General Liang's house. Wu Xie noticed Liang Nvying's walking posture as soon as he entered the door. She feels that she has a well-proportioned figure and elegant manners, and is impeccable. Then, Wu Xie let Liang Nvying into the boudoir, and asked Liang Nvying to take off her clothes, and then carefully check all parts of her body.
Liang Nvying, the daughter of a rich family, refused, and Wu Shu showed his "sword" in desperation, threatening: "This is the imperial edict of the emperor and the rule after his election. Whoever wants to be a queen has to take off all his clothes and let me examine them carefully. " Looking forward to becoming a queen, Liang Nvying reluctantly entered the boudoir exam.
Wu Wa, an official, first examined the shape and texture of Liang Nvying's breasts, sniffed her body for body odor, and then carefully examined the shape and depth of her navel, shoulder width, waist circumference, elasticity of her hips, skin color and length of her calves, and curvature of her hips.
147 June, Liang Nvying officially entered the palace, and was made queen in August. This may be the earliest recorded premarital examination of the ancient Empress of China.
"Keeping Palace Sand" and "Chastity"
Pointing a bright red mole on a girl's white lotus arm to verify women's chastity was very common in ancient times and was called "palace sand". People who don't understand think that "guarding the palace" means guarding the beauty of the holy side. In fact, guarding the palace is a kind of scorpion, with a slightly flat body, dark spines, millet-shaped protrusions, a white and yellow abdomen, a big mouth, a thick tongue, five toes on each foot, wrinkles between the toes, and good adsorption to other things. It is an ordinary gecko.
According to ancient legend, geckos are raised with crocodiles and the like, and cinnabar is fed every day. About 7 kg of cinnabar, mashed into mud, used to point women's limbs. It is crimson, as long as it has no sex life, it will exist forever. Once it has sex, it will disappear without a trace But it can only be used on unmarried women, and married women are absolutely invalid. This method became popular with the rise of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty. Due to lack of experience, there were many jokes and many right and wrong in the Song Dynasty, including the famous unjust case in Sichuan.
Things have to start with the fall of Shu zai. Wang Quanbin led the army into Sichuan, and Song Taizu earnestly warned: "Wherever you go, you should not burn down houses, expel officials, develop Gaoling and cut down mulberry trees." However, the arrogance of Shu soldiers was illegally levied, killing tens of thousands of innocent people. The people are very angry, and they often revolt. The Song regime sent hell to pay, Mao's younger brother and Jin Guangyi to Shu to comfort him, and promised to reduce taxes and promote talents to be officials. The so-called promotion of talents, since it belongs to appeasement, is naturally dominated by those who are rich, powerful or prominent, while real talents and knowledge are in a secondary position.
Wanxian county in Sichuan is rich in forests and fields, surrounded by horses and mules, which naturally improves. So, I packed my bags and went to Bianjing to appear before the emperor, where I was received by Song Taizu and waited for my appointment. Besides his wife, Lin Mi has five concubines as beautiful as flowers and pure as jade. The youngest concubine is He Fangzi, who is only eighteen years old. She was originally the daughter of He Jiong, governor of Lantian in the post-Shu regime. After the destruction of Shu in Song Dynasty, He Jiong refused to surrender to Song Dynasty and was killed by Song Jun. The poor housekeeper He Fangzi became the fifth concubine of Lin Mi, the landlord of Wanxian County. Lin Mi is going to Bianjing. Everything at home was properly accounted for, but she was worried about her beautiful young aunt, so she entrusted her heart to his good friend Shangbu in Qingfeng Temple outside the city. It's a piece of cake for real people in Shanghai. He quickly bought some palace sand from charlatans and explained the usage to Lin Mi in this way. Lin Mi, who won a thousand pieces of Tang monk meat, went home and nodded in his wife's arms.
He Fangzi is a good girl, beautiful and prolific. In her life blueprint, she hopes to find a Mr. Right and fly with me. In the end, I didn't expect that she married a rich man in the countryside in her twenties and had to compete with a group of ordinary fat and vulgar powder every day. She didn't mean to play so boring, but because she was young and beautiful and polite, she made Lin Mi.
After He Fangzi and Lin Mi got married, everything went wrong and the nest caught fire every day. It was He Fangzi's turn to order palace sand, and she reluctantly refused this humiliating practice. She believes that it is a woman's duty to remain chaste from beginning to end, so there is no need for any formal restraint. There is really no point in forcing her to remain chaste. He Fangzi is eloquent, but the scholar met a soldier, which of course makes sense. Rustic Lin Mi wouldn't listen, but housewives and gossips looked at He Fangzi suspiciously at this moment, and their mouths showed gloating expressions. He Fangzi couldn't help it, but her white and tender arms were a little red.
After Lin Mi left home, those women carefully protected the red bean-sized palace sand mole on their arms and dared not wash it. Dare not touch. He Fangzi hates it as if it were a stain on her body. She didn't care, so she went to take a shower. Soon, Gong Sha disappeared without a trace. As a result, those tacky women finally found an excuse to attack, satirizing her, laughing at her, and even publicly accusing her of cheating others and bringing home the bacon. They even take pains to hide under the window of He Fangzi every night to eavesdrop, ready to catch adulterers and adulterers, ready to see how this little * * * seduces men.
Half a year later, Lin Mi was sent to work in Bianjing, and was sent to Sichuan to bring a wife and five concubines to Beijing. That night, Lin Mi couldn't wait to check the moles of the wives and concubines in the palace one by one under the lamp. When he saw He Fangzi, his face with a proud smile stiffened. In a rage, he immediately gave He Fangzi two slaps and asked her if she was. He Fangzi lowered his head, deadpan, and his teeth bit his lips tightly. Lin Mi was furious and ordered torture. He Fangzi admits that his behavior has not deviated, but he has never deviated from his feelings. He refused to admit that he had a lover. One whip clicked and broke He Fangzi's heart of hope. She was completely desperate, leaving a suicide note intertwined with blood and tears and hanging herself.
Lin Mi still thinks that He Fangzi died of shame. Really, He Fangzi felt ashamed when he died, and his delicate body fell into such hands. Lin Mi didn't care too much about He Fangzi's suicide note and hastily buried He Fangzi. Lin Mi made a fortune in Wanxian and killed a slave or concubine. As long as he spends some money to settle his family and all kinds of related people, it will go away. However, in Bianjing City at the foot of the emperor, this is a matter of life and death, not a trivial matter. Lin's aunt died and it spread the next day. Kaifeng government heard the news and took the initiative to inquire. In the first step, the coffin was opened for autopsy, and it was found that He Fangzi was raw and covered with whipping scars. Then Lin Mi came to interrogate, and Lin Mi couldn't escape and told the story.
So the judge touched the cinnabar left by Lin Mi on the arms of three women, and then put a live gecko on the arm of one of the women, and instantly licked the maid-in-waiting guard sand cleanly. In fact, Gong Wei's red sand spot on the virgin's arm can penetrate deep into the skin without washing for a few days, and it will get brighter and brighter, but once he has sex, the color will fade by himself. He Fangzi was acquitted by the prefect, Lin Mi abused lynching, forced his concubine to be taken away, and was severely punished except for the official.
Because the case involved Sichuan and comforted the people of the post-Shu regime, even the Dali Temple, which was in charge of the prison by the central government, started work. When Dali Temple was severely sentenced, Lin Mi died mysteriously and committed suicide by jumping into the lake. People are very sympathetic to what happened to He Fangzi. She came to Bianjing from Wanxian, Sichuan, but she wandered in a foreign land with grievances, so someone initiated the construction of Notre Dame. This temple has been rebuilt since the Song Dynasty. Thousands of years later, it still exists in the south of Kaifeng, Henan Province. Sometimes people call it "Shougong Temple".
According to the Natural History of Jin Dynasty, geckos will turn red if they eat cinnabar. After eating seven kilograms of cinnabar, pound the gecko and touch the woman's limbs with it. This color won't fade. Only after sexual intercourse, its color will fade, so it is called "palace sand". With this wonderful and simple method that can represent a woman's "chastity", no matter whether it is true or not, some dynasties put "palace sand" on a woman who was elected to the palace as a sign of her adultery or deviance. Spread it, from one story to another, there will be many martial arts writers borrowing articles written by Shougongsha in the future.
Since "palace sand" is artificially added, not born to women, looking for so-called "palace sand" among unmarried women can only show their boredom and ignorance. Similarly, the existence of "palace sand" has nothing to do with chastity. If modern people value traditional myths so much, their ignorance can be imagined.