The Treaty of Washington

The Treaty of Washington (Treaty Limiting Naval Armament)

The Treaty Era

During World War I, various navies Powerful countries have designed battleships with greater scale and firepower, and the caliber of the main guns has increased to 16 to 18 inches. Since battleships were extremely expensive to build and maintain, this costly arms race clearly became a heavy financial burden after the war. During the 1922 Washington Conference, the five naval powers of the United States, Britain, Japan, France and Italy signed the Treaty for the Limitation of Naval Armaments (Washington Naval Treaty), which limited the tonnage of battleships and battlecruisers (35,000 tons) and the caliber of main guns ( shall not exceed 16 inches), and stipulates that the tonnage ratio of the capital ships (battleships and battlecruisers) of the five navies of the United States, Britain, Japan, France, and Italy is 10:10:6:3.5:3.5.

The Treaty for the Limitation and Reduction of Naval Armaments (London Naval Treaty) signed in 1930 supplemented this provision.

The 15 years from 1922 to 1936 was called the "Navy Holiday" era (Navy Holiday). Large battleship construction plans in various countries were terminated or canceled.

Text of the Treaty

United States of America, British Empire, France, Italy, Japan

To promote world peace and to reduce the burden of armaments;

We resolve, to this end, to conclude a treaty limiting the naval armaments of our respective countries, and to appoint our respective plenipotentiaries:

President of the United States of America:

Charles E. Hughes, Secretary of State of the United States

Henry Cabot Lodge

Oscar W. Underwood

Elihu Root

Citizens of the United States of America;

His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the British Overseas Territories, and Emperor of India:

His Excellency Lord Arthur James Balfour, President of the Imperial Privy Council< /p>

The Lord Baron Lee Farham, Lord of the Admiralty

The Lord Auckland Campbell Jetts, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the United States

and

Canadian Overseas Territories:

The Honorable Robert Laird Bowden

Australian Commonwealth:

The Honorable George Foster Pearce MP, native and Minister of State for Overseas Territories

New Zealand Overseas Territories:

The Honorable John William Salmon,

Judge of the Supreme Court of New Zealand

South Africa Commonwealth:

His Excellency Lord Arthur James Balfour

India:

Valingman Sankaranayana Srinivasa Saas His Excellency Terry, Minister of Privy Council of India

President of the Republic of France:

Mr. Albert Salau, Acting Minister of Colonial Affairs

Jules? J. Joseland, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the United States, recipient of the Grand Cross of Honor

His Majesty the King of Italy:

His Excellency Carlo Yamazawa, Senator of the Kingdom of Italy

His Excellency Vittorio Rolandi Risi, Senator of the Kingdom of Italy, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the United States

His Excellency Luigi Albertini, Senator of the Kingdom of Italy

His Majesty the Emperor of Japan:

Baron Tomosaburo Kato, Minister of the Navy, Grand Order, First Class

Baron Kijuro Shitahara, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the United States, First Class, The third president

Masayoshi Uehara, Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs, the second president Hsun, the third president

After mutual consultation and communication, out of goodwill and responsible goodwill, the following resolutions were reached.

--------------------------------------------- ----------------

Chapter 1 General Provisions on Restrictions on Naval Armaments

Article 1

Those who sign treaties Each country agrees to limit its naval armaments within the scope provided for in this Treaty.

Article 2

The contracting countries may maintain their existing capital ships in accordance with the provisions of Part 1 of Chapter 2 of this Treaty. After this treaty comes into force, the capital ships of the signatory countries that have not been stipulated to be retained, whether built or not, must be scrapped in accordance with the provisions of Part 2 of Chapter 2 of this treaty.

As a supplement to the first part of Chapter 2, the United States can build and retain two West Virginia-class battleships currently under construction. After the completion of these two warships, the battleships North Dakota and Delaware shall be scrapped in accordance with the provisions of Part 2 of Chapter II of this Treaty.

According to the provisions of Part 3 of Chapter 2 of this Treaty, the British Empire may build two new capital ships with a displacement not exceeding 35,000 tons (35,560 metric tons). After the completion of these two ships, the battleships Thor, King George V, Ajax and Centurion must be scrapped in accordance with the provisions of Part 2 of Chapter 2 of this Treaty.

Article 3

According to the provisions of Article 2, the contracting countries must abandon their respective capital ship construction plans and cannot build or acquire new capital ships. Article 2 specifically stipulates that , except for the replacement of original warships within the gross tonnage level.

The battleships that have been replaced according to Part 3 of Chapter 2 must be scrapped in accordance with the methods specified in Part 2 of Chapter 2.

Article 4

The tonnage of capital ships of each signatory country cannot exceed the level specified in this article: United States, 525,000 tons (533,400 metric tons); British Empire, 525,000 tons (533,400 metric tons) ; France, 175,000 tons (177,800 metric tons); Italy, 175,000 tons (177,800 metric tons); Japan, 315,000 tons (320,040 metric tons).

Article 5

Each signatory country shall not build, acquire, or build for other signatory countries to this treaty capital ships exceeding 35,000 tons (35,560 metric tons).

Article 6

The caliber of the main guns of the battleships of each signatory country shall not exceed 16 inches (406 mm).

Article 7

The tonnage of aircraft carriers of each signatory country shall not exceed the following standards: United States, 135,000 tons (137,160 metric tons); United Kingdom, 135,000 tons (137,160 metric tons); France, 60,000 tons (60,960 metric tons); Italy, 60,000 tons (60,960 metric tons); Japan, 81,000 tons (82,296 metric tons).

Article 8

Aircraft carrier modifications must be in accordance with the provisions of Part 3 of Chapter 2. Aircraft carriers completed and under construction before December 12, 1921, may be replaced within the tonnage limits specified in this treaty, regardless of their age.

Article 9

Each signatory country shall not build, acquire, or build for other signatory countries to this treaty aircraft carriers exceeding 27,000 tons (27,432 metric tons).

However, each signatory country can build two aircraft carriers not exceeding the standard of 33,000 tons (33,528 metric tons) without exceeding the total tonnage level of aircraft carriers stipulated in the treaty. According to this principle, the contracting countries may consider from their own economic point of view, warships that must be scrapped according to the provisions of Chapter 2, Part 3 of this Treaty, whether they have been built or are under construction, into aircraft carriers. The quantity is two ships. For aircraft carriers of over 27,000 tons (27,432 metric tons), subject to the requirements of Article 10 of this Chapter, the number of guns carried, if the gun caliber exceeds 6 inches (152 mm), then the total number of all guns (anti-aircraft guns) and naval guns with a caliber not exceeding 5 inches (127 mm)), no more than 8.

Article 10

The aircraft carriers of each signatory country shall not be equipped with a caliber exceeding 8 inches ( 203 mm) naval gun. Except as provided in Article 9, if the caliber of a naval gun exceeds 6 inches (152 mm), the total number of all naval guns (except anti-aircraft guns and naval guns not exceeding 5 inches (127 mm) in caliber) shall not exceed 10 . Alternatively, if the aircraft carrier does not carry a gun with a caliber exceeding 6 inches (152 mm), there is no limit on the number of guns. In all cases, there is no limit on the number of anti-aircraft guns and naval guns not exceeding 5 inches (127 mm) in diameter.

Article 11

Each signatory country shall not build, acquire, or build for other signatory countries to this treaty combat ships exceeding 10,000 tons (10,160 metric tons), except for capital ships and aircraft carriers . Ships that are not used for specific combat purposes and are not controlled or operated by the government for combat purposes in peacetime, ships that are temporarily employed or used to transport troops during wartime and other similar non-combat purposes are not restricted by this treaty.

Article 12

Combat ships built by the signatory countries after this treaty comes into force, except for capital ships, may not be equipped with naval guns with a caliber exceeding 8 inches (203 mm).

Article 13

Except for the warships specified in Article 9 of this Chapter, the abandoned battleships specified in this treaty may not be converted into other forms of combat ships.

Article 14

The merchant ships of each signatory country shall not reserve space and design that can be converted into combat ships, except for reinforced decks or reserved equipment of 6 inches (152 mm) below the naval gun space.

Article 15

The specifications of ships built by the signatory countries for countries other than the signatories of this treaty shall not exceed the firepower and tonnage of ships of the same class specified in this treaty. restrictions. Aircraft carriers built for non-signatory countries cannot exceed 27,000 tons (27,432 metric tons).

Article 16

If a combat warship of a non-signatory country is built by a country that is a signatory to this treaty, the contracting country is responsible for notifying the other signatories of this treaty about the signing of the contract and the laying of the keel. time; and provide other details in accordance with Sections (4) and (5) of Chapter 2, Part 3, Paragraph 1 (b).

Article 17

When a signatory country to this treaty is in a state of war, warships built by that country for other countries, or have been built but not handed over, may not be requisitioned Used by one's own combat ships.

Article 18

The contracting countries guarantee that they will not give away, sell or otherwise transfer their warships to foreign navies. If the ship is handed over, it may be used as a combat vessel. If power is used.

Article 19

The United States, Great Britain and Japan agree that the naval bases and fortified areas in their respective territories mentioned below shall exist at the time of the conclusion of this Treaty:

p>

(1) The Pacific islands that the United States now and may hereafter possess, except (a) the offshore islands of the continental United States, Alaska and the Panama Canal Zone, excluding the Aleutian Islands, and (b) the Hawaiian Islands;

(2) Hong Kong and the islands in the Pacific east of 110 degrees east longitude which are now and may hereafter be owned by Hong Kong, except (a) the offshore islands of Canada, (b) the Commonwealth of Australia and its dependencies, and (c) New Zealand; < /p>

(3) The Pacific Islands owned by Japan, namely: Kuril Islands, Ogasawara Islands, Minamitori Island, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan and Pescatore Islands, Japanese Mandate Territory in the Pacific, and Japan may in the future Owned Pacific Islands.

No new fortifications and naval bases shall be constructed in the areas specified above; no expansion or enhancement of military facilities and naval maintenance and repair facilities in the above-mentioned areas shall be allowed; and no increase or expansion of coastal defense fortifications in the above-mentioned areas shall be allowed. This restriction does not include the normal replacement of armaments and weapons in the above areas and the routine maintenance and repair of naval and other military facilities in peacetime.

Article 20

The tonnage restrictions and ship replacement rules stipulated in Part 4 of Chapter 2 of this Treaty shall apply to warships owned by each contracting party.

------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------

Chapter 2 Explanation of Terminology of Treaty Implementation Rules

Part I: Capital Ships Retained by Each of the Signing Countries

In accordance with Article 2 of Chapter 1 of this Treaty, the list of capital ships that the signatories of this Treaty can each retain is as follows.

U.S. Navy ship name/tonnage

Maryland 32,600

California 32,300

Tennessee 32,300

Idaho 32,000

New Mexico 32,000

Mississippi 32,000

Arizona 31,400

Pennsylvania 31,400

Oklahoma 27,500 < /p>

Nevada 27,500

New York 27,000

Texas 27,000

Arkansas 26,000

Wyoming 26,000

Florida 21,825

Utah 21,825

North Dakota 20,000

Delaware 20,000

Gross tonnage 500,650

After the completion of the other two battleships of the West Virginia class, the North Dakota and the Delaware will be dismantled in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 1, Article 2.

The total tonnage of the U.S. Navy will be 525,850 tons.

_______

Royal Navy ship name/tonnage

Sovereign 25,750

Royal Oak 25,750

Revenge 25,750 < /p>

Determination 25,750

Ramiris 25,750

Malaya 27,500

Warrior 27,500

Baram 27,500

Eliza Reputation 26,500

Counterattack 26,500

Tiger 28,500

Thor 22,500

George V 23,000

Ajax 23,000

Centurion 23,000

Gross tonnage 580,450

After the completion of the two new battleships, according to Chapter 1 Under the provisions of Article 2, HMS Thor, HMS King George V, HMS Ajax and HMS Centurion were broken up, and the total tonnage of the British Navy would be 558,950 tons.

_______

French Navy ship name/tonnage (metric tons)

Brittany 23, Voltaire 18,890

Total tonnage 221,170

According to paragraph 2 of Part 3 of this chapter, France can build new battleships in 1927, 1929, and 1931.

_______

Italian Navy ship name/tonnage (metric tons)

Andrea Doria 22,700

Durio 22,700

Count of Cavour 22, Queen Elena 12,600

Total tonnage 182,800

According to the second paragraph of Part 3 of this chapter, Italy can be used in 1927 and New battleships were built in 1929 and 1931.

_______

Japanese Navy ship name/tonnage

Mutsu 33,800

Nagato 33,800

Hyuga 31,260

King Kong 27,500

Gross tonnage 301,320

--------------------- --------------------------------------------------

Part II Rules for the Dismantling of Warships

The following description of the rules for the dismantling of warships shall apply to the warships specified in Articles 2 and 3 of Chapter 1 of this Treaty.

I. The warship must be dismantled to the extent that it can no longer be used for combat purposes.

Article II, except subparagraphs (6) and (7), must be complied with. A signatory country can only maintain possession of one such target ship at a time.

(d) Of the capital ships that must be scrapped after 1931 according to this treaty, France and Italy can each retain two as navigation practice ships for use by schools of gunnery, torpedoes, etc. France can retain the Jean Bart class, and Italy can retain the Dante and a Caesar-class battleship. These warships will be reserved for the above-mentioned purposes, and France and Italy will undertake to dismantle the command towers of the above-mentioned ships and guarantee not to use these ships in war.

III.

(a) Except for capital ships included in the special circumstances specified in Chapter 1, Article 9, when a capital ship has been decided to undergo dismantling work , the first step of disintegration should be implemented immediately. Its main purpose is to render the ship no longer usable for combat purposes.

(b) When a warship is dismantled or abandoned, the following facilities should be removed and placed ashore or destroyed so that they can no longer be used for future combat missions: ( 1) All naval guns, fixed firearms, fire control and command towers, and rotatable parts of turrets and turrets; (2) All marine water and electrical equipment and machinery; (3) All fire control instruments and rangefinders, speed (4) All munitions, explosives and mines; (5) All torpedoes, torpedo warheads and tubes; (6) All wireless telegraph equipment; (7) Pilot tower and all side armor, All propulsion machinery, and (8) all equipment used for ejection and recovery of flight devices.

IV. Time for the commencement of ship dismantling work:

(a) A ship scrapped according to the method specified in Section 1 of Article II of this Chapter shall be decommissioned for operations in accordance with Article III. Capability-related work needs to be completed within six months after this treaty comes into effect, and the hull scrapping work needs to be completed within eighteen months after the treaty comes into effect.

(b) Ships that are required to be scrapped in accordance with the second and third sections of paragraph II, and ships that are required to be disarmed in accordance with paragraph III, are decommissioned in accordance with the provisions of paragraph III of this part. Work shall begin immediately upon completion of its replacement ship and shall be completed no later than six months after such date. Its dismantling work in accordance with paragraph II of this Part shall be completed within a period of not later than eighteen months after the completion of its replacement ship. If the construction of its replacement ship is delayed, the work to decombat it under paragraph III of this part must begin within four years after the keel of its replacement ship is laid, and after the start of this work Completed within six months. Its dismantling work in accordance with the provisions of paragraph II of this part must be completed within a period of eighteen months after the work to decombat it begins.

------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------

Part 3 Ship Replacement

The replacement of capital ships and aircraft carriers needs to be carried out according to the schedule in Sections 1 and 2 of this part.

Section 1 Replacement Rules

(a) After 20 years of service, capital ships and aircraft carriers, except those that comply with the provisions of Article 8 of Chapter 1 or Section 2 of this Part, In addition, it will be replaced by new ships of the same type. The size of the replacement ship shall not exceed the provisions of Articles 4 and 7 of Chapter 1. Unless it complies with the provisions of Article 8 of Chapter 1 or Section 2 of this Part, the time for laying the keel shall not be earlier than the seventeenth year after the ship to be replaced is built. Construction of capital ships and aircraft carriers shall not commence within ten years after December 12, 1921, except those that comply with the schedule provisions of Chapter 1, Article 2, Paragraph 3, or Section 2 of this Part.

(b) Each signatory country is obliged to promptly and promptly notify other signatory countries to this treaty of the following: (1) The name of the capital ship or aircraft carrier to be replaced by a new ship; (2) The government The date of approval for the construction of the replacement ship; (3) the time for laying the keel of the replacement ship; (4) the standard displacement (tons and metric tons) of the ship to be started, and its main technical specifications, dimensions, that is, the standard displacement The length of the waterline and the maximum width of the waterline and the part below; (5) The launch date of the new ship and its standard displacement (tons and metric tons) when it was launched and its main technical specifications, the length of the waterline and the waterline at the standard displacement. The maximum width of the line and the portion below it.

(c) Each signatory country may immediately build replacement ships when its capital ships and aircraft carriers are lost in an accident. They must comply with Articles 4 and 7 of Chapter 1 of this Treaty and other relevant provisions. provisions of the terms. The country's ship replacement plan can be moved forward according to this time.

(d) Any capital ships and aircraft carriers retained under treaty provisions shall not be rebuilt or otherwise extensively refitted. Exceptions are made for modifications to protect against attacks by submarines and aircraft, and are subject to the following rules: Ships of signatory countries can be equipped with mine-resistant partitions and anti-aircraft decks. The resulting additional displacement of a single ship shall not exceed 3,000 tons (3,048 metric tons). The caliber, quantity and type of side armor and main guns shall not be changed, except in the following cases: (1) France and Italy, because their battleships and aircraft carriers are within the tonnage limit, so they install mine protection compartments, armor and Work can be carried out to increase the caliber of the main gun. However, the caliber of the main gun shall not exceed 16 inches (406 mm); (2) the British Navy can complete the armor strengthening work that has been started but has been temporarily shelved on the battlecruiser HMS Reputation.

Section 2: Disintegration and Replacement of Capital Ships

United States

The capital ships that should be dismantled or canceled immediately after the signing of the treaty and their ages:

p>

Maine (20), Missouri (20), Virginia (17), Nebraska (17), Georgia (17), New Jersey (17), Rhode Island (17), Connecticut (17) ), Louisiana (17), Vermont (16), Kansas (16), Minnesota (16), New Hampshire (15), South Carolina (13), Michigan (13), Washington (0), South Dakota ( 0), Indiana(0), Montana(0), North Carolina(0), Iowa(0), Massachusetts(0), Lexington(0), Constitution(0), Constellation(0), Saratoga (0), Raider (0), United States (0)

Annual replacement plan (the number of battleships saved in brackets, ex-Jylland type/post-Jylland type)< /p>

1922: A, B completed; Delaware (12) and North Dakota (12) disbanded. (15/3)

1923: (15/3)

1924: (15/3)

1925: (15/3)

1926: (15/3)

1927: (15/3)

1928: (15/3)

1929: (15 / 3)

1930: (15 / 3)

1931: C, D started construction; (15 / 3)

1932: E, F started construction; (15 / 3)

1933: G started; (15 / 3)

1934: H, I started; C, D completed; Florida (23), Utah (23 ), Wyoming (22) disbanded; (12 / 5)

1935: J started; E, F completed; Arkansas (23), Texas (21), New York (21) disbanded; (9 / 7 )

1936: K, L started construction; G completed; Nevada (20), Oklahoma (20) disintegrated; (7/8)

1937: M started; H , I completed; Arizona (21), Pennsylvania (21) disintegrated; (5 / 10)

1938: N, O started; J completed; Mississippi (21) disintegrated; (4 / 11)

1939: P, Q started; K, L completed; New Mexico (21), Idaho (20) disbanded; (2/13)

1940: M started; Tennessee (20) )Disintegrated (1/14)

1941: N, O completed; California (20), Maryland (20) disintegrated; (0/15)

1942: P, Q completed ; 2 West Virginia-class ships disintegrated; (0/15)

1. The U.S. Navy may retain the USS Oregon and USS Illinois for non-combat purposes after modification in accordance with the requirements of Part II III.(b) use.

2. Ships A and B are two West Virginia-class battleships.

(Note: The West Virginia class is the Colorado class battleship)

Note: A, B, C, D... are the construction plan codes for the replacement 35,000-ton battleships.

UK

The capital ships that should be dismantled or canceled immediately after the signing of the treaty and their ages:

Federation (16), Agamemnon (13) ), fearless (15), Bellerophon (12), magnificent (12), reckless (12), St. Vincent (11), unyielding (13), indomitable (13), Neptune (10), Hercules (10) ), New Zealand(9), Lion(9), Princess Royal(9), Conqueror(9), Monarch(9), Orion(9), Australia(8), Agincourt(7), Ireland(7) , 4 battleships under construction or planned to be built

Annual replacement plan (the number of saved battleships in brackets, former Jutland type/post-Jylland type)

1922 : A, B started construction; (21/1)

1923: (21/1)

1924: (21/1)

1925: A, B Completed; George V (13), Ajax (12), Centurion (12), Thor (13) disintegrated; (17/3)

1926: (17/3)< /p>

1927: (17/3)

1928: (17/3)

1929: (17/3)

1930: (17 / 3)

1931: C, D started construction; (17 / 3)

1932: E, F started; (17 / 3)

1933: G started; (17/3)

1934: H, I started; C, D completed; Iron Duke (20), Marlborough (20), Emperor of India (20), Ben Bow (20) Disintegrated; (13 / 5)

1935: J started construction; E, F completed; Tiger (21), Queen Elizabeth (20), War Exhaustion (20), Barham (20) disintegrated ; (9 / 7)

1936: K, L started construction; G was completed; Malaya (20), monarchy (20) disintegrated; (7 / 8)

1937: M started; H, I completed; Revenge (21), Resolve (21) disintegrated; (5 / 10)

1938: N, O started; J completed; Royal Oak (22) disintegrated; (4 / 11)

1939: P, Q started construction; K, L completed; Warrior (23), Counterattack (23) disintegrated; (2 / 13)

1940: M started; Prestige (24) disintegrated; (1/14)

1941: N, O completed; Ramillies (24), Hood (21) disintegrated; (0/15)

1942: P, Q completed; A(17), B(17) disintegrated; (0/15)

6/0)

1928: (7/0)< /p>

1929: 35,000 tons built: (6/0)

1930: 35,000 tons built: 35,000 tons built: Dante (19) retired; (5/-)

1931: Built 45,000 tons: (5/-)

1932: Built 25,000 tons: Built 35,000 tons: Leonardo da Vinci (19) retired; (4/-)

1933: Built 35,000 tons: (4/-)

1934: (4/-)

1935: Built 35,000 tons: Julius Caesar (21) retired; ( 3/-)

1936: 45,000 tons built: Cavour (21), Durio (21) retired; (1/-)

1937: 25,000 tons built: Andrea Doria (21) retired; (0/-)

1938: (0/-)

1939: (0/-)

1941: (0/-)

1942: (0/-)

(1) As long as it does not exceed Limited tonnage, there is no limit on the number of capital ships built by the Italian Navy.

Remarks: Italy clearly reserves the right to build ships according to the capital ship tonnage quota, and guarantees to comply with the 35,000-ton displacement limit for a single ship, and the total tonnage of the capital ship will not exceed the scope stipulated in the treaty.

Japan

The battleships that should be dismantled or canceled immediately after the signing of the treaty and their ages:

Hizen (20), Mikasa (20), Shika Shima (16), Katori (16), Satsuma (12), Aki (11), Settsu (10), Ikoma (14), Ibuki (12), Kurama (11), Amagi (0), Akagi ( 0), Kaga (0), Tosa (0), Takao (0), Atago (0), 8 battleships planned to be built

Annual replacement plan (the saved battleships are in brackets Number, pre-Jylland type/post-Jylland type)

1922: (8/2)

1923: (8/2)

1924: (8/2)

1925: (8/2)

1926: (8/2)

1927: (8/2)

1928: (8/2)

1929: (8/2)

1930: (8/2)

1931: A starts construction ;(8/2)

1932: B started construction; (8/2)

1933: C started construction; (8/2)

1934: D Construction started; A completed; Kongo (21) disintegrated (7/3)

1935: E started; B completed; Hiei (21), Haruna (20) disintegrated; (5/4)

1936: F started construction; C completed; Kirishima (21) disintegrated; (4/5)

1937: G started; D completed; Fuso (22) disintegrated; (3/6)

1938: H started construction; E completed; Yamashiro (21) disintegrated; (2 / 7)

1939: I started construction; F completed; Ise (22) disintegrated; (4 / 11)

1940: G completed; Hyuga (22) disintegrated; (2 / 13)

1941: H completed; Nagato (21) disintegrated; (1 /9)

1942: I completed; Mutsu (21) disintegrated; (0/9)

1. The Japanese Navy can be modified in accordance with the requirements of Part II III.(b) Shikishima and Asahi were later retained for non-combat use.

Note: A, B, C, D... are the construction plan code names of the replacement 35,000-ton battleships.

Supplementary explanations about the schedule in Section 2

The order of scrapping of the battleships specified in the table above is related to their service years. When the ship replacement work begins, the order in which the capital ships of the signatory countries are to be scrapped may differ from this table according to their own national conditions. However, it is stipulated that the number of abandoned battleships must not change every year.

--------------------------------------------- ----------------------------

Part IV Definitions

About the provisions of this Treaty Explanation of the meanings of the nouns involved

Capital ships

Capital ships to be built in the future are defined as: non-aircraft carrier ships used for combat, with a displacement of more than 10,000 tons ( 10,160 metric tons), or a main gun caliber exceeding 8 inches (203 mm).

Aircraft carrier

An aircraft carrier is a ship used for combat purposes, with a displacement of more than 10,000 tons (10,160 metric tons), and is expressly used only to carry aircraft. Planes take off and land from here. The weapons carried by it shall not exceed the provisions of Articles 9 and 10 of Chapter 1 of this Treaty.

Standard displacement

The standard displacement of a ship means that the ship is fully constructed, carries personnel, has an operable power system, and carries all items used for navigation, including weapons, ammunition, and crew. All supplies and fresh water used, mixed reserves and all equipment used for combat. However, additional fuel, food and fresh water are not included.

The "ton" in this contract, unless "metric tons" is specifically stated, refers to the British ton equivalent to 2240 pounds (1,016 kilograms).

The existing buildings have been built Ships, their displacement tonnage measurements will be consistent with their country's current weights and measures system. However, any future declaration of displacement in metric tons by any country will be deemed to be in imperial tons for the purposes of this Treaty.

The displacement of ships built in the future will be based on this standard.

--------------------------------------------- ----------------------------

Chapter 3 Comprehensive Provisions

Article 20 Article

During the period of validity of this Treaty, if any of the signatories, affected by the environment faced by their country, requests an increase in naval strength for the sake of national security, the remaining signatories shall meet to discuss the matter. Discuss the issue of amending relevant provisions of the treaty and formulate amendments to this treaty on the basis of mutual consultation.

Taking into account the future development of industrial technology and science, the United States, after soliciting the opinions of other signatories to this treaty, will convene a plenary meeting of the signatories eight years after the signing of this treaty to consider changes in all aspects and make decisions. Modify this treaty to adapt it to the current situation.

Article 22

If at any time one of the signatories to this treaty is in a state of war, and the course of the war has affected the navy as the guarantor of that country’s national security, military strength, that country may temporarily terminate the implementation of this Treaty during the war after notifying the other signatories of this Treaty, except for Articles 13 and 17 of Chapter 1 of the Treaty. This country needs to notify other signatory countries that the implementation of this treaty needs to be suspended in accordance with the current state of emergency. The remaining signatories need to negotiate and reach consensus on changes and modifications to their own provisions in the treaty. If such consultations fail to reach an agreement, any signatory country, after notifying the other signatory countries, may also declare a temporary termination of the implementation of this treaty during the duration of the war based on the needs of its own national interests. Exceptions are Articles 13 and 17 of Chapter 1 of the Treaty.

During the suspension of the implementation of the treaty, all signatory countries should meet and negotiate in a timely manner to discuss what content in the treaty needs to be modified.

Article 23

This Treaty shall be valid until December 31, 1936. If within two years before the expiry of the treaty, no signatory country notifies the other parties requesting the final termination of this treaty, this treaty will remain in effect after the expiration of the treaty until any signatory country declares its intention to abrogate the treaty. until the year. At this time, the treaty will be deemed to have been abrogated with the consent of all signatories. This declaration shall be submitted in writing to the Government of the United States of America, and authentic copies of the declaration shall be sent to the other signatories, indicating the exact time of receipt of the declaration. The statement becomes effective from that date after it has been formally submitted and evaluated. If the declaration is made by the Government of the United States of America, the declaration shall be submitted to the diplomatic representative in Washington of each signatory. This declaration becomes effective from the date it is submitted to the diplomatic representative of the signatory country after it has been formally submitted and evaluated.

Within one year after the declaration is submitted, the signatories shall meet.

Article 24

This treaty will be treated by each signatory country with the same status as its own formal legislation and will enter into force after being formally ratified by all signatory countries. Formal ratification of the treaty should proceed as soon as possible in Washington. The Government of the United States of America shall submit to each other signatory an official copy of this Treaty.

The French and English versions of this treaty are equally valid and shall be properly preserved by the U.S. Government in the U.S. Government Archives. A copy of this treaty shall be promptly submitted to the governments of the signatory countries.

The foregoing plenipotentiaries hereby sign this treaty out of mutual trust

Done in Washington, District of Columbia, on February 6, 1922

[ Signatures of representatives of various countries omitted]