Thirty years ago, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum was still a field. On March 29, 1974, farmers in Xiyang Village, Lintong County, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province dug out pottery fragments of Qin Terracotta Warriors while digging a well. From then on, Earth-shaking changes have taken place here. After the visit, French Prime Minister Chirac said: "There are seven wonders in the world, and the discovery of the Qin Terracotta Warriors pit can be called the eighth wonder."

As for the discoverer of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, 30 years later, there are still questions Many different opinions. In March 1974, when wells were being dug in Xiyang Village, there were three production groups present, with two people in each group. Yang Xinman, a farmer from Xiyang Village, was the political team leader at the time. After the pottery figurines were dug out, they didn't recognize them and threw them everywhere. Later, Zhao Kangmin from the Latong County Cultural Center collected these things and asked the farmers to take them back on a frame truck.

One of the farmers sent to the county cultural center at that time was Yang Xinman. Before that, local farmers had seen pottery figurines more than 30 times, but they didn't know what they were. This was still the case in 1974. The old ladies in the village would burn incense and kowtow, saying that they were the gods of plague, so they would smash the heads of the figurines, and some would put them in the fields as scarecrows to scare away birds. When Lao Yuan went there, he picked out many pottery figurine fragments from the roadside and garbage dumps, and recovered many copper arrowheads from the scrap collection station.

Extended information:

1. Introduction to the Terracotta Warriors and Horses:

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the First Emperor of Qin, also referred to as the Qin Terracotta Warriors or Qin Terracotta Warriors, are the first batch of national key cultural relics to be protected The unit, one of the first Chinese World Heritage Sites, is located in the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit 1.5 kilometers east of Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum in Lintong District, Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province today. ?

Terracotta warriors and horses are a category of ancient tomb sculptures. In ancient times, human sacrifice was practiced. Slaves were the accessories of the slave owner during his lifetime. After the death of the slave owner, the slaves were buried with the slave owner as sacrificial objects. The terracotta warriors and horses are burial objects in the shape of soldiers and horses (chariots, horses, soldiers).

On March 4, 1961, the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang was announced by the State Council as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In March 1974, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses were discovered; in 1987, the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit were approved by UNESCO to be included in the World Heritage List, and were hailed as the "Eighth Wonder of the World" and visited by more than 200 foreign heads of state. It has become a golden business card of ancient China's glorious civilization and is known as one of the world's top ten ancient tombs and rare treasures.

2. Architectural structure:

The burial pits of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang are located from west to east, with three pits arranged in a "pin" shape. The earliest discovery was the No. 1 Terracotta Warriors Pit, which is rectangular in shape. There are more than 8,000 terracotta warriors and horses in the pit, with slope doorways on all sides. There is a terracotta warriors pit on the left and right sides of Pit No. 1, called Pit No. 2 and Pit No. 3.

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit is an underground tunnel-type civil structure building, that is, a large pit about 5 meters deep is dug from the ground, and parallel earth partition walls are built in the middle of the pit. Wooden pillars are arranged on both sides of the wall, and crossbars are placed on the pillars. Sheds are densely covered with crossbars and earth partition walls. A layer of reed mats is spread on the sheds, and then covered with loess to form the top of the pit. The top of the pit is about 2 meters higher than the surface of the ground at that time. rice.

The bottom of the pit is paved with blue bricks. The height of the space from the top of the pit to the bottom of the pit is 3.2 meters. After the pottery figurines and horses were put into the pit, the surrounding doorways were blocked with standing timber, and the doorways were filled with rammed earth, thus forming a closed underground building.

Reference materials:

China.com - How many unsolved mysteries are there 30 years after the discovery of the Terracotta Warriors?

Baidu Encyclopedia-Terracotta Warriors