5. 1Q: How to check the "basic requirements" in the standard? What are the requirements for information?

A: There is a basic requirement for each sub-project in the standard, which plays a key role in ensuring the construction quality. Therefore, if the sub-project fails to meet the basic requirements after inspection, the quality of the project shall not be inspected and evaluated. Therefore, before the on-site quality inspection of the completed project, the project should be inspected item by item according to the basic requirements stipulated in the standard, and only after the basic requirements are met can the quality inspection of the specified inspection items be carried out. The basic requirements are divided into appearance inspection and written materials, and the appearance inspection part can be directly viewed and measured by instruments; Written materials provided by the construction unit to prove that the basic requirements have reached the requirements, such as test and inspection, process quality inspection, original construction records, raw material quality assurance sheets, supervision inspection and approval, etc. Construction self-inspection personnel and supervision engineer shall fill in the written records of the inspection, make a conclusion on the inspection results and sign for approval.

5.2 Q: What are the requirements of the application form for construction lofting inspection? How to classify?

Answer: Construction lofting is the basis to ensure the correct positioning and construction of structures according to design requirements. Therefore, all projects must be measured and enlarged before construction, and the original records and sketches of measurement and lofting must be filled in the construction lofting inspection form, which should be submitted to the supervision engineer for review and signature, and submitted to the supervision engineer for approval. Each project is required to have these materials, which are classified according to the project collection when filing, and arranged after the project data commencement report and at the top of the construction data.

5.3 Q: Is the data in the actual measurement record filled in with measurement data or deviation data?

Answer: In order to check and verify the data of on-site quality inspection, the XX project quality inspection record form is generally prepared in advance according to the measurement items specified in the inspected items. The main contents of this table include: project name, pile number position, inspection items, design value, measured value record, calculation deviation, etc. During the engineering quality inspection, the measurement data shall be filled in the Measurement Record Form one by one, and signed, calculated and rechecked by the participants on site. When filling in, fill in the column of "specified value or allowable deviation" in the quality inspection and evaluation table of sub-projects, and fill in the measured data when the column indicates "meeting the design requirements" or "not less than the design requirements"; Fill in the calculated deviation data when the deviation data allows.

5.4 Q: Do all construction projects have to have original construction records?

Answer: All construction projects must establish original construction records, because the original construction records are the most basic and original true portrayal of the construction process, such as specific and detailed parts, dimensions, progress, time, meteorology, installation and debugging of construction machines and tools, specifications, quality and quantity of process equipment and raw materials. Most of them are hidden and unrepeatable contents, which are the main components of quality assurance materials and the basis of on-site quality inspection reports. The specific form and content shall be formulated by the quality supervision department or the owner according to the design and relevant construction specifications.

5.5 Q: The inspection items in the original construction record and quality inspection report are duplicated. Can you omit it?

Answer: Because of the different meanings and functions, the original construction record is the record of the construction process and one of the bases of quality inspection, and the quality inspection report is the result of quality inspection, so the existing data in the original construction record still needs to be filled in.

5.6 Q: Should it be used?

Answer: Sub-sub-sub-projects are not evaluated separately, but each sub-project must undergo quality inspection and fill in the on-site quality inspection report. Only after the report is signed by the supervision engineer can it enter the sub-project evaluation. For example, the evaluation of the fabrication, installation, prefabrication, tensioning and installation of steel bars in beams and slabs is to combine and summarize the data of corresponding subdivisional work (i.e. each beam and slab), and fill in the quality inspection evaluation form of subdivisional work by holes for evaluation. If the owner and supervision engineer have other requirements, they should fill in and evaluate according to their requirements.

5.7 Q: Only the measurement results can be filled in for some measurement items in the quality inspection form, which cannot reflect the detailed inspection process. Can the contractor be required to attach relevant forms reflecting the inspection process?

Answer: Generally, the XX project quality inspection record in the answer to the question in 5.3 should be attached, and corresponding inspection and measurement records should be attached when necessary (such records are generally stored separately) so as to check the measurement results. Such as; Construction lofting, elevation, flatness, deflection value (printed copy of automatic flatness meter and deflection meter), plane deviation, etc. , depending on the actual situation and the needs of the inspection items.

5.8 Q: Are the test data of raw materials (commercial components) and the data of corresponding components put together or sorted separately?

Answer: The test data of raw materials (commercial components) are sorted and classified according to the unit project.

5.9 Q: Is it necessary to attach the Contractor's "Basic Information on Construction, Quality Inspection and Testing" to the meter? Is this a repetition?

Answer: According to the specific regulations of the project owner, what materials should be attached after the intermediate meter during the construction process? However, when compiling and archiving data, it is not necessary to attach repeated construction, quality inspection and test data to the meter.

5. 10 q: what are the requirements for writing materials when filling in the information? Can I print them besides signing?

A: Materials should be written in durable materials, such as carbon ink and black special-purpose signature pen, but do not use indelible writing materials, such as red ink, ballpoint pen, carbon paper and pencil.

In addition to the signature (which must be written by yourself) and the original recorded data (that is, the data recorded by on-site inspection and measurement), all the materials can be printed by computer (including the calculation part), but they must be printed by laser printer and must be black.

5. 1 1Q: Can the measurement records of some processes be reduced or cancelled?

Answer: Process inspection in the construction process is the main component of quality inspection and evaluation. Must be carried out in accordance with the relevant specifications and the working procedures required by the owner and supervision engineer, and cannot be reduced or cancelled at will. That is, each working procedure must have original construction records and quality inspection data, and be signed by the supervision engineer.

5. 12 q: must the quality certificates of raw materials (commercial components) such as steel bars and cement be original? When applying to the supervision engineer for approval, is it necessary to attach a quality assurance sheet to the sampling report?

A: It must be the original. When applying to the supervision engineer for approval, the quality assurance sheet shall be submitted together with the sampling report of the on-site quality inspection, and can only be used in the project after approval and signature. For packaged materials, such as steel, after entering the site, the quality assurance book should also be checked with the packaging label, and a copy of the label should be attached to the quality assurance book for verification.

5. 13 q: what is the application procedure for the intermediate certificate of completion? Which level of supervision engineer should sign the column of supervision engineer for comment?

Answer: JTJ077-95 Code for Construction Supervision of Highway Engineering has clearly stipulated that when the units, divisions and subdivisional works of the project are completed, the contractor's self-inspection personnel shall conduct systematic self-inspection again, and summarize the inspection records of each process and the results of measurement and sampling test, which will be included in the intermediate handover certificate as an annex for compilation. The professional supervision engineer refused to accept the completion report with incomplete self-inspection data. After receiving the handover report, the professional supervision engineer shall conduct systematic inspection and acceptance of the individual projects completed by the bill of quantities, and carry out measurement or sampling inspection when necessary. After passing the inspection, please ask the senior resident supervision engineer to issue the intermediate handover certificate (table 1 1). Without intermediate handover inspection or unqualified inspection, the construction, measurement and payment of the next project shall not be carried out.

5. 14 q: when should the supervisor arrive at the site in the inspection application form? When will the contractor submit the date and the supervision engineer receive it?

Answer: Fill in according to the actual occurrence time.

5. 15 q: when does the reply to the inspection application require to arrive at the site for inspection? Is the subgrade before or after construction? Is the pile foundation written at one time or many times?

Answer: As far as the inspection approval form is concerned, it refers to the time when the supervision engineer is required to conduct inspection after the construction is completed and meets the requirements through self-inspection. Each layer of subgrade filling in each construction section is taken as an inspection item, and each layer will be inspected after completion; Pile foundation refers to the inspection time of each pile after the completion of a process, and the inspection time of each process is filled in according to the actual occurrence time.

5. 16 q: is the approval document for inspection application filed?

Answer: The inspection report is the main component of quality inspection data and must be filed. After the Inspection Approval Form, all quality inspection data of the inspection project shall be filed together.

5. 17 q: have the construction logs and supervision logs been filed?

Answer: The construction log and supervision log are important parts of the original records of construction and supervision. Should be filed according to the requirements of completion documents. It should be cataloged and filed according to the original volume, and cannot be split.

5. 18 q: how should the construction log be established?

Answer: The construction log can be established according to the unit, branch project or construction work area (team), and the special person is responsible for collecting, filling in and keeping it. The main contents include: date, weather, temperature, project name, construction site, construction content and main technologies adopted; The existence and operation of personnel, materials and machinery; Records of material consumption and construction progress; Whether the construction is normal; External environment and geological changes; Whether there is an unexpected shutdown; Whether there are quality problems; Construction safety situation; The presence of supervisors and the certification and signature of the project; Whether there are instructions and rectification from superiors or supervisors. The recorder should sign it, and the competent leader should read it regularly.

5. 19 q: how to compile and summarize the construction quality assurance data?

A: It is basically classified and summarized according to the division of units, divisions and sub-items. The order should be: sub-item summary to sub-item, then sub-item and then unit project.

5.20 Q: How to evaluate the specimens sampled by φ 10 cm and φ7.5 cm core for concrete?

Answer: For unconventional quality inspection items, the test data is treated as verification test and does not need to be evaluated. If it is used to test the quality of concrete, it can be evaluated according to Technical Specification for Testing Concrete Strength by Core Drilling Method (CECS03-88) issued by China Engineering Construction Standardization Committee. Its data should be filed together with the corresponding engineering data.

5.2 1Q: Are the test results of concrete (mortar) strength, compactness, solid volume ratio and foundation bearing capacity filled in "See test data" or specific data?

Answer: Specific test data should be filled in, and "see test data" is not allowed. At the same time, attach a copy of relevant test data. The original is kept in the laboratory.

5.22 Q: How to fill in the inspection results when the specified values or allowable deviations in the on-site quality inspection report are "in line with the design requirements" and "not less than or not more than XX"?

Answer: The measured data should be filled in, and the words "meet the design requirements", "exceed the design requirements" and "see the construction record" are not allowed. In the standard, "meeting the design requirements" or "exceeding the design requirements" in the field of measurement projects is indicative. Therefore, the words "meet the design requirements" and "not less than or not more than XX" in the specified value or allowable deviation field should be rewritten as the data value of the test project of this project or the specific data of XX as the specified requirements for comparison and verification.

5.23 Q: How to master the process evaluation? Are there any corresponding regulations and forms?

A: Each project consists of multiple processes, and each process should be recorded and checked according to regulations, but not all processes should be evaluated. Some processes can be checked without evaluation, such as template making and installation. The specific non-evaluation items shall be decided by the owner or the director. All process items to be evaluated shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the standard.

5.24 Q: Are the test data and process detection data merged or filed separately?

Answer: Test data and process test data are two different test results in content, nature, breadth and depth, which should be sorted and filed separately.

5.25 Q: Should the overpass be a bridge project or a subgrade project?

Answer: According to the Technical Standard for Highway Engineering (JTG B0 1-2003), bridges and culverts are classified as corresponding bridge engineering or subgrade engineering according to the requirements of span size, those that meet the standards of large and medium-sized bridges are classified as bridge engineering and those that meet the standards of small bridges are classified as subgrade engineering.

5.26 Q: Should the self-inspection data account be attached to the completion data collation? Is there a certain format?

Answer: The account of measurement items not specified in the standard can be omitted, but there must be the necessary catalogue and summary table. The format is made by itself according to the specific content.

5.27 Q: Do new technologies and processes participate in the review, and how to determine the score?

Answer: For engineering projects that adopt new technologies and new processes, if there are corresponding provisions in the standards for reference, they can be evaluated. If there are no specified items, basic information (i.e. application for commencement, construction organization design, quality inspection, original records of construction, sampling inspection and signature of supervision engineer, etc.). ) must be complete. Measurement items, test methods and frequency, and whether to evaluate them shall be formulated and approved by the owner or the director.

5.28 Q: Can the supplementary text of the test form not be written on the form?

Answer: When testers think that the contents in the relevant table can't be fully expressed, they can use supplementary notes, which should be placed in the sample notes or remarks column to keep the table clean and clear.

5.29 Q: Some experiments have no corresponding tables or some tables have no corresponding columns. Can you modify them in an existing table?

Answer: If necessary, you can refer to the corresponding form or add new columns to the existing form and prepare the corresponding form, and report it to the owner or the director's office for approval. However, what should be stipulated cannot be deleted at will.

5.30 Q: Can the numbers on the test data sheet be numbered by division and sub-project?

Answer: The sampling inspection number of the project entity can be attached with the project number (if any), and the serial number can be recorded in the sampling inspection account. Other raw material tests and standard tests shall be numbered separately according to the project, test category and nature. No matter what method is adopted, it is easy to find and classify.

5.3 1 q: is the intermediate delivery before or after the 28-day strength of concrete (mortar)?

Answer: Because the strength of concrete (mortar) refers to the compressive strength of concrete (mortar) specimens after standard curing for 28 days, the handover report and intermediate handover certificate can only be handled after the strength results of concrete (mortar) for 28 days come out.

5.32 Q: Can the quality certificate not be affixed to the inspection-free cement?

Answer: Inspection-free cement should be the same as other cement varieties, and it must have complete ex-factory quality assurance information before it can be received and put into storage, and reported to the supervision engineer for approval for use in the project.

5.33 Q: Are the minutes of on-site meetings kept?

Answer: The minutes of on-site regular meeting is an important content of supervision work and a record of the whole construction process. It must be filed and kept in the supervision part, and the contractor shall not repeat it.

5.34 Q: Is the original of the working procedure sampling test report in the construction document or in the laboratory?

Answer: The working procedure sampling test report belongs to the quality inspection of the construction process and is an integral part of the construction data, so it should be placed in the construction document and kept by the laboratory.

5.35 Q: Can the information content and forms to be filled in for quality inspection and original records of each process be unified?

Answer: Before any project starts, a unified data catalogue and table standard, including a unified construction and supervision table, should be compiled according to the quality inspection and evaluation standards of related projects and combined with the actual situation of this project. Please refer to the relevant documents or CD-ROM for the composition and reporting requirements of sub-projects quality assurance data.

5.36 Q: In the annex to the quality certificate of the inspection reply, should the record list number or its full name be filled in the column of summary of the original construction records?

Answer: It can be filled in according to the type of warranty information. If there is no specific provision, the full name of the information should generally be filled in.

5.37 Q: Should the mix proportion of commercial concrete be summarized? What are the requirements for the original records of construction procedures?

Answer: The information that commercial concrete should have should be the same as the requirements for concrete in the construction site of highway engineering. Suppliers of commercial concrete shall provide complete information such as mix proportion and original records of construction procedures, and the specific classification shall be consistent with the requirements of the construction site for concrete.

5.38 Q: How to arrange the process test data?

Answer: According to the technical specifications, the process test is a small-scale process test for sub-projects such as subgrade, pavement, pile foundation and soft soil foundation treatment, which can only be formally constructed after pre-test, so as to provide a basis for formulating large-scale construction plans and ensuring large-scale construction quality, and then comprehensively guide the construction according to the test results. Therefore, the process test should be planned in advance, and the implementation data, summary and corresponding approval materials should be available afterwards. The process test data of the construction unit shall be collated by the construction unit together with other data of the corresponding project. The supervisor shall, in accordance with the relevant requirements of the process test specified in the Supervision Code, do a good job in the examination and approval, sampling inspection, sorting and archiving of the site data of the supervisor.

5.39 Q: How to inspect, evaluate and summarize the construction of different contractors in two stages, such as the pavement construction of upper and lower decks in bridge engineering?

Answer: Some projects entrust different parts of the same project to different contractors for construction due to the requirements of construction technology and technology. For example, the deck of a bridge project, the lower part of which is cement concrete and the upper part is asphalt concrete, is constructed by the bridge bid section and the pavement bid section respectively. Due to the different construction time and technology, some supervision units are different. Therefore, construction and inspection data should be kept in files. In order to facilitate the use of archives in the future, the evaluation data and evaluation results should be imported into the corresponding units, divisions and sub-projects of the main project.

5.40 Q: What are the rules for information signatories?

Answer: The signatory of the construction unit must be the person specified in the contract, or the person approved by the owner and the director's office for replacement, commensurate with his qualifications and responsibilities.

The signatory of the supervision unit must be a qualified person approved by the competent quality supervision station. And hold corresponding positions with the approval of the owner or the director's office.

5.4 1 q: what should I do if the inspection items in the on-site quality inspection report do not exist in the actual construction?

Answer: When the inspection items in the on-site quality inspection report do not exist in the actual construction, the inspection result column cannot be empty. You can stamp or write "blank", "this item is not designed" or draw a diagonal line (/) to confirm whether the inspection is missing.

5.42 Q: What are the requirements for filling in the station number and location column of the on-site quality inspection report of pavement, traffic engineering and other projects?

Answer: The specific starting and ending pile numbers should be filled in for on-site quality inspection, which can be the report of the construction section for one day. If there is a bridge in the middle of the construction section, the starting and ending pile numbers of each actual construction section should be filled in at the same time, and generally the starting and ending pile numbers including bridges should not be filled in. Fill in the position should also be specific and clear, such as pavement subbase or base, fill in "left picture", "left picture" and "XX ramp in XX interchange area"; The wave beam guardrail of traffic engineering can be filled with "left picture and right picture" and "right picture and right picture", and the construction position and actual length can be known at a glance from the pile number and position of the on-site quality inspection report, which provides the basis for measuring, paying and checking the engineering quantity.

5.43 Q: How to divide and check offline projects?

Answer: Offline project generally refers to the project that is handed over to other units or individuals for management, use and maintenance after the project is completed, and its property right belongs to the user. Such as changing roads, canals and rivers. The off-line project should be the same as the main line project construction, quality inspection and evaluation and supervision procedures, and its construction specifications and quality standards should be implemented according to the corresponding level of off-line project and relevant industry standards. The data should be filed separately according to the category and ownership of the project, so as to facilitate the acceptance and handover of the project.

5.44 Q: How to collect, sort out and file the observation data of settlement, displacement and deformation during soft soil foundation treatment, high slope and landslide treatment and bridge and tunnel construction?

Answer: The observation data of settlement, displacement and deformation during the construction of soft soil foundation treatment, high slope, landslide treatment, bridges and tunnels are important components of quality control indicators in engineering quality assurance data and necessary data for project completion. Therefore, in the process of soft soil foundation treatment, high slope, landslide treatment, bridge and tunnel construction, settlement, displacement and deformation observation points and observation equipment are established. There must be original records and quality inspection reports signed and approved by the supervision engineer, and the change curve, data analysis chart, specific physical parameters and treatment opinions shall be compiled regularly. The establishment of specific observation points for each project, the items, periods and methods of measurement and observation shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant specifications and design requirements. If there are no provisions, the filled-in forms shall be designed according to the specific projects specified in the relevant regulations and submitted to the director's office for approval.

The collection, arrangement and filing of survey observation data are classified by unit, division and sub-project and recorded separately. After the completion of the project, it is necessary to continue the survey and observation, and the survey and observation results, observation points and related equipment should also be handed over to the project receiving unit.

5.45 Q: What quality assurance materials must be stamped and what are the requirements?

A: Under normal circumstances, in addition to the signature, the following materials should also be stamped with the official seal of the relevant unit:

The cover of as-built drawings must be stamped with the official seal of the legal entity of construction and supervision. Each page of the as-built drawing shall be stamped with the as-built stamp in the blank space above the icon bar or on the back of the drawing.

Test data must be stamped with the official seal of the laboratory that forms the data;

Where several units are responsible for this information at the same time, the official seal of the responsible unit must be affixed;

The following materials must be stamped with the official seal of the construction and supervision institution (official seal used on site):

1, examination and approval form for application for commencement of subdivisional work;

2. Approval form for change application;

3, units, divisions, subdivisional work quality inspection evaluation form;

4, quality inspection application form;

5. Intermediate certificate of completion.

The specific requirements are: all seals should use red inkpad that is not easy to fade. All materials stamped with the official seal must also be signed by the specific person in charge (or signed on the archived manuscript).

5.46 Q: Who must sign the test data?

Answer: The test data must be signed by the tester, auditor and laboratory director before it is valid.

5.47 Q: How to deal with the quality inspection and test data of unqualified engineering projects (materials)?

Answer: The quality inspection and test data of unqualified engineering projects (raw materials and commercial components) must be collected, preserved and archived, and shall not be destroyed at will. The quality inspection and test data of the re-inspection project after rectification shall be attached to the original unqualified quality inspection and test data; For materials that have been returned or used for other purposes, the original test data such as the return certificate signed by the supervision engineer or the application form for other purposes should also be attached for inspection and verification. Relevant data of quality accident engineering during construction should also be attached to the quality accident engineering treatment document as one of the approval documents that meet the design requirements after treatment and remediation.

The contents of the return certificate shall include: material name, specification, quantity, transport vehicle number, handler, site supervision engineer, time and place, etc.

5.48 Q: How should the inspection application approval documents be classified?

Answer: The reply to the inspection application is the approval information of the on-site quality inspection report, so it should be collected, sorted and classified together with the on-site quality inspection report.

5.49 Q: If there is an error in the quality assurance information, how can it be revised?

Answer: Generally, it is not allowed to be modified, but it does need to be modified. It is forbidden to use correction fluid and rubbing. Two horizontal lines should be drawn at the modified place, and the correct data should be written on it or on the right. The marked place should be stamped with a red stamp pad to modify the personal seal or modify the seal. The size of the correction chapter is generally 30× 15mm, and the text is divided into two lines, with the name of the previous unit and the next correction chapter.

5.50 Q: The reinforced concrete members have only finished the processing and installation of steel bars. Can I issue an intermediate handover certificate?

A: Reinforced concrete members have only finished the processing and installation of steel bars. Although the inspection meets the requirements of relevant codes and the specified quality inspection materials are filled in, it can only show that part of the contents of reinforced concrete members have been completed, which does not meet the requirements of issuing intermediate handover certificates, because intermediate handover should at least be a complete process of independent members. Although the steel bars are partially qualified, if there is a quality accident in the process of concrete pouring, if the steel bars are unqualified and need to be reworked, some or all of the steel bars will be scrapped. When reworking, steel bars and concrete must also be reworked, installed and poured. Therefore, the reinforced concrete component can only be considered as a complete and independent component after the reinforcement processing and installation and concrete pouring are completed, and then the intermediate completion certificate can be issued.

5.5 1 q: what are the requirements in the annex of the sub-project construction application approval form (table 2)?

Answer: The application and approval form for sub-project construction is a report document for the construction contractor to apply to the supervision engineer for approval of the sub-project construction to be started after all the construction preparations are completed and the construction conditions are met. The main accessories it needs are: construction organization design (construction scheme, technology, etc. ), raw materials | Construction Engineering Education Network | Quantity and quality assurance of incoming materials, incoming reinspection test data, standard test data for construction, personnel and machinery entry data, construction survey lofting data, etc. Construction can only be started after inspection and verification by the supervision engineer.

5.52 Q: What are the main contents of the test data?

Answer: According to the Code for Construction Supervision of Highway Engineering (JTJ 077-95), the test data should mainly include the following five items:

(1) verification test: it is to identify raw materials or commercial parts in advance to determine whether they can be used in the project. Including ordering and inspection before entry, sampling inspection after entry and sampling inspection during construction.

(2) Standard test: it is the data collection before the construction of the internal quality of various projects, and it is the scientific basis for controlling and guiding the construction, including various standard compaction tests, aggregate gradation tests, mixture ratio tests and structural strength tests.

⑶ Process test: According to the technical specifications, before construction, process tests shall be conducted for sub-projects such as subgrade, pavement, pile foundation and soft soil foundation treatment that need to be tested before formal construction, and then the construction shall be fully guided according to the test results.

(4) Sampling test: it is to check the conformity of the actual internal quality in the implementation of various projects, including the determination and test of the physical properties of various materials, the compactness of earthwork and other filling construction, the strength of concrete and asphalt concrete, etc.

5. Acceptance test: it is to evaluate the actual internal quality of all completed projects, including core samples, deflection, anti-sliding, static and dynamic load tests of bridges, etc.

For the specific requirements of the above tests, please refer to the Code for Construction Supervision of Highway Engineering and follow the regulations of design and supervision (or owner).