Rugby originated in the United Kingdom. Because its ball shape is very similar to an olive, the term is called rugby. The playing field of rugby also has certain requirements. The following is an introduction to the rugby fields that I have compiled for you. I hope you like it.

Basic introduction to rugby

Rugby, also known as rugby union, rugby or rugby, is a team ball game directly derived from football. Its Chinese translation is named after its use of an oval and olive-shaped ball [1]. The movement originated in the United Kingdom, and later expanded to European countries and countries and regions belonging to the Commonwealth. Important international competitions include the Six Nations Championship in Europe, the Rugby Championship in the Southern Hemisphere, and the Rugby World Cup.

Introduction to rugby field

1. Field: Sideline, outside the baseline is out of bounds. The goal line is within the end zone, and a touchdown is awarded when a controlling player crosses or presses against the goal line.

2. The field is surrounded by a white six-foot-wide line along the edge of the out-of-bounds area. Outside the line or on the line is out of bounds.

3. The two white grid lines on the field are called 'yard line' hashmarks and are 70 feet 9 inches from the nearest sideline.

4. The goalposts must be of a single standard model and painted bright yellow. The goal posts must be 18 feet 6 inches wide and the top crossbar must be 10 feet above the ground. Extend the top of the doorpost to at least 3 inches from the crossbar. A ribbon 4 to 42 inches long is tied to the top of each goalpost.

5. The site is 360 feet long and 160 feet wide. The end zones are 30 feet deep.

6. All players and caddies must wear standard uniform and identifiable clothing.

7. All clubs must use standard sideline markings. Score lines and sideline markers must use sticks. 8. In order to avoid confusion with score lines, sidelines, etc., markings on both sides of the pitch and club logos must be approved by the Special Commissioner.

The development history of rugby

Rugby football originated in the United Kingdom and was originally called Rugby football. Because its spherical shape resembles an olive, it is called "rugby" in China. Rugby is actually the name of a small town in England. In this small town, there is a public school called Rugby School, which was the birth of rugby. land.

According to legend, in 1823, the school held a football match. The match was very fierce. Among them was a 16-year-old boy named William Webb Ellis. The boy, because the score was behind, in desperation, he actually picked up the ball on the ground and ran towards the opponent's goal. From now on, in school football games, running with the ball often happens. Although this move violated the rules of football at the time, it gave people a new revelation. This phenomenon of holding the ball and running added a fiercely competitive atmosphere to the game. Over time, it was accepted by people and became a Legal action. In this way, a new sport, rugby, which is conducive to the overall development of the body and has high exercise value, is gradually derived from football.

Rugby evolved from football. In 1823, a football match was being held at a university in Rugby, England. The team that was behind by the score stormed the opponent's goal, but couldn't score for a long time.

At this time, player Ellis was extremely impulsive. He picked up the football and rushed towards the opponent's goal. The opponent's players stepped forward to block him, but he avoided them one by one. Finally, Ellis finally threw the ball into the opponent's goal. The ball was naturally ruled out, but this impulsive move led to the creation of a new sport - rugby. Because the ball is shaped like an olive, people called this new sport "rugby."

The size of the rugby field is close to that of a football field, and there are 11 players on each side.

You can kick and hug during the game, but it is rough and fierce, so all players on the court wear helmets or protective gear. However, after careful research, later historians found that this story was completely false, but the power of the legend is powerful, and it has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Today, there is still a stone tablet erected in Rugby School, which is engraved with: "This stone memorates the exploit of William Webb Ellis." "This monument commemorates the courageous action of W. W. Ellis." Even Rugby football's highest honor, the Rugby World Cup trophy is named after Webb Ellis and is called the Webb Ellis Cup.

After 1839, this sport gradually developed in universities such as Cambridge, and the Grabby Club was established one after another[2]. In 1871, the Rugby Football Association was formally established and competitions were held regularly. After that, rugby football was quickly introduced to European and American countries. In 1890, the International Rugby Organization was established, and in 1906, an international rugby competition was held in France. Since then, rugby has been developed in many countries and has continued to change. Many countries have created rugby suitable for their own countries, the most famous of which is American Football. Today, rugby is popular in 94 countries in the world. The highest international organization is the International Rugby Board I.R.B. It is composed of four domestic associations of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales plus New Zealand. It is composed of three foreign associations: Netherlands, Australia and South Africa; its main task is to formulate rugby rules and rugby development policies.

NFL, the National Football League, abbreviated as NFL, is the world's largest professional American football league. The league consists of 32 teams from different regions and cities in the United States. The league was first established in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association and was later renamed the National Football League in 1922. The National Football League is one of the four major professional sports in North America. NFL teams are sometimes called franchises because they are privately funded and run on a corporate model. The NFL is the most famous professional football league in the United States, so it also has the most fans. Other leagues have also tried to compete with the NFL, but they have not been able to gain as much support and have as many fans as the NFL. Whether it is jersey or product sales or ratings, the NFL is unmatched by other sports leagues. The NFL is well-deserved No. 1 in the American sports world.

Rugby game rules

Referees

Each game has 3 referees, and 1 chief referee is responsible for enforcing the rules, controlling the game and timing; 2 Each sideline referee is responsible for one sideline. When the ball or the ball holder goes out of bounds, they raise the flag to signal to the referee.

Field specifications and game balls

The playing field is 160 yards long, 1 yard = 0.9144 meters, 75 yards wide, the two goal lines are 110 yards apart, and the end line is 25 yards away from the goal line. Between the lines is the end zone. The two goal posts are 18 feet 5.64 meters apart; the crossbar is 10 feet 3.048 meters above the ground; the goal post is more than 1 foot 0.3048 meters above the crossbar. The ball is oval in shape, like a rugby ball. The length of the ball is 11~11 inches 27.94~29.21 cm. The vertical circumference is 30~31 inches 76.2~78.7 cm. The horizontal circumference is 24~25 inches 60.96~64.77 cm. The ball weighs 13~15 ounces. 382.72~425.24 grams.

The goal of English rugby is like a capital English letter H. The two goalposts are 5.64 meters apart and there is a crossbar 3 meters above the ground.

When shooting, a goal is only valid if the ball passes between the two goalposts and flies over an opponents' cross bar.

Time and scoring rules

A rugby match takes 80 minutes, with only two halves and a 10-minute break between halves. Each team has 15 players, 8 forwards and 7 defenders.

Touchdown is the highest scoring method in Rugby: when the offensive player breaks into the defensive scoring slot and touches the ground with the ball, the "touchdown" is worth 5 points. It is called Try in English. There is also one time. Conversion kick adds a chance to score another 2 points.

Except for the Try touchdown, which is scored with the hands, the other three scoring methods, Conversion kick, Penalty kick, and dropped-kick, all rely on the feet to score goals. . An additional shot is worth 2 points for a goal; a penalty kick is worth 3 points for a goal; a drop kick is worth 3 points for a goal.

At the end of the game, the team with the most points wins.

Kick-off

The first ball kicked according to the rules after the game starts or a score is scored. The rules for kick-off in English rugby are as follows: at the beginning of each half, the kick-off player will take a set kick at the midpoint of the center line; after one team scores, the other team will take a drop kick at the midpoint of the midline or behind that point. The kicking team's players must stand behind the ball, and the opposing team's players must stand behind the 10-yard line in their own half, and the kicked ball must cross the opponent's 10-yard line.

Basic offense

At the beginning of the game, a set kick is kicked off the center line. The kickoff team's players should stand behind the center line, and the defensive team's players should stand behind their own 10-yard line; the defensive team's players must wait until the kickoff team kicks the ball past the 10-yard line before they can grab the ball. After each score, the opponent restarts the ball at the center line and continues the game. The rules stipulate that when passing the ball, it is not allowed to pass forward, but can only be passed back or crosswise. If an attacking player surpasses the player holding the ball to receive the ball, it will be deemed offside, and a free kick will be taken from the offside location by the opposing player. A common passing method is the two-handed underhand pass. When the player holding the ball is rushed or blocked by the opponent and cannot move forward, the ball must be released immediately and no more passes may be made to members of the same team. Players from both sides can compete for the ball that has been released by the player holding the ball. Players not holding the ball are not allowed to collide or block during the game. Players holding the ball can be grabbed, hugged, thrown, etc. to impede their progress, and legal collisions can be made, but only shoulder-to-shoulder collisions are allowed, and chest or back collisions are not allowed. Kicking, hitting and tripping people are important fouls. After a foul is committed, a free kick will be taken by the opposing player at the location of the foul. A secondary foul rules the scrimmage at the location of the foul.

Offside

It means that a player is in a position where he cannot participate in the game and is prone to fouling. The rules for determining offside in rugby matches are: In the normal state of the game, an offensive player without the ball is considered offside if he is in front of the ball carrier or kicker; During a side kick, if a player stays or advances in front of a specific offside line, he or she is offside, and the opponent is awarded a penalty kick. The rules for determining offside in American football games are: every time an offense is played, when the ball is placed on the ground, any player who crosses the line of scrimmage is considered offside; when a free kick is taken, a player of the same team who crosses the limit line is also considered offside and a foul is assessed. The team retreated 1.525 meters.

Score

A score is scored when a player touches the ground with the ball in the opponent's scoring slot, or when a player shoots the ball through the crossbar of the goal frame and between the two goal posts. The scoring format of English rugby is: 5 points are scored when touching the ball, which is called a touchdown. After a touchdown, the scoring team can also take a set kick on the imaginary line that passes through the touchdown point and is perpendicular to the goal line, and will score 2 points; a penalty kick due to a foul on one side and a drop kick during the game. , the shot is worth 3 points.

Scrum

During a scrum, three forwards from each side stand side by side in a row, bowing and shouldering each other, forming a channel in the middle. The players stand in the back, and the back row players put their shoulders on the hips of the forward players to form a 3, 2, 3 or 3, 4, 1 formation.

Then, the opposing player of the offending team will throw the ball into the channel with both hands underhand from 1 yard away from the opponent's side. It shall not be beneficial to the team. When the ball is thrown into the channel, the three pairs of forwards in the front row fight against each other and compete to kick the ball to their own forward or defender. The forwards and defenders must wait for the forward to kick the ball back before they can move.

Penalty kick

The rules of the game of rugby. A kick given to the team that did not commit the foul after a foul has occurred. Any form of kicking can be used. You can kick the ball in any direction, or you can kick the ball and then get it. You can also indicate to the referee that the penalty kick should be changed to a goal kick. However, the shot must be in the form of a set kick or a drop kick. When a penalty kick is taken, the players of the same team must be behind the ball, and the opposing players must retreat to a place or goal line 10 meters away from the ball and parallel to the goal line.

Out of bounds

When the ball goes out of bounds, the opponent's player will throw the ball into the court at the place where the ball goes out of bounds. The forward players of both sides line up in a column facing the sideline between 5 and 15 yards away from the sideline. The two teams are 2 feet and 0.6096 meters apart. When the tossing players throw the ball over their heads, the players from both sides jump up and form a group of 3. Two people lift up the middle person to fight for the ball. When fighting for the ball, they can either catch the ball or hit the ball to themselves. team member.

Scoring

When the ball is brought or kicked into the opponent's end zone, the offensive player presses the ball with his body and presses it, which is called a touchdown and can score 5 points.

After the touchdown, any player can hit the goal again from any point on the vertical line between the touchdown point and the touchdown line. If the shot goes into the goal, another 2 points will be scored.

During the game, the player holding the ball can hit the goal with a ground kick, and the goal will be worth 3 points. The penalty kick after the opponent commits a foul can directly hit the goal, and 3 points will be awarded if the kick is scored.