Mao Yisheng, courtesy name Tangchen, was born in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province. After graduating from middle school, Mao Yisheng was admitted to the Civil Engineering Department of Tangshan Industrial College. After graduating in 1916, with the first place in the Tangshan Road Mine, he was recommended by Tsinghua University to study in the United States and became a graduate student. In September, he set off to report to Cornell University in the United States. Unexpectedly, the director of the school's registration office said arrogantly: "I have never heard of this school in Tangshan, China. You must pass the exam and pass the exam before you can register." After passing the exam, Mao Yisheng's results were excellent, so he was registered as a graduate student in the bridge major. From then on, graduates of Tangshan Road and Mine School who were recommended to study at Cornell University in the United States were no longer required to pass the examination. Mao Yisheng received a professional master's degree from Cornell University in 1917 and a doctorate in engineering from Caltech Institute of Technology in the United States in 1919. The doctoral thesis was entitled "Second Stress in Bridge Mechanics". This paper was of world-class quality at the time and was awarded the Gold Research Medal by Galiki Institute of Technology. In December 1919, 24-year-old Mao Yisheng resolutely returned to China. He works as a professor at Jiaotong University Tangshan School. Mao Yisheng said: "Looking back on my study life, these 14 years of hard work are like building a bridge, building solid piers for my life's career." After Mao Yisheng returned to China after completing his studies, he successively served as a professor at Tangshan Industrial College and Nanjing Southeast University. Professor and director of university engineering, president of Hohai University of Technology, president and professor of Tianjin Beiyang Institute of Technology, director of Jiangsu Provincial Water Conservancy Bureau, general manager and chief engineer of China Bridge Corporation of the Ministry of Transportation, president of Northern China Jiaotong University, etc. From 1933 to 1937, Mao Yi was promoted to the director of the Qiantang River Bridge Engineering Department and presided over the construction of my country's first modern bridge for both highway and railway use - the "Qiantang River Bridge". He used the "water jet method", "caisson method", "floating distance method", etc. to solve technical problems in bridge construction. Since then, Mao Yisheng's footprints have spread all over the country, and his name remains in various parts of the motherland together with the newly built bridges. After five years of hard work, Mao Yisheng finally completed the modern Qiantang River Bridge. When a reporter interviewed Mao Yisheng, he said: "Since December 1919, I returned to China to serve the society. During the 64-year journey, the most eye-catching work I have done is presiding over the construction of the Qiantang River Bridge project. ”
From 1955 to 1957, Mao Yisheng served as chairman of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge Technical Advisory Committee. He also accepted the task of building my country’s first bridge across the Yangtze River, the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge. Construction of the bridge officially started in September 1955 and was completed on September 25, 1957, two years ahead of schedule. On October 15, 1957, the inauguration ceremony of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge was held. Mao Yisheng designed this bridge as a double-layer steel truss bridge for both railway and highway purposes. The upper level is a highway bridge, 22.5 meters wide, of which the roadway is 18 meters wide; the lower level is a railway bridge, 18 meters wide. The main bridge is 1155.5 meters long, and together with the road approach bridges at both ends, the total length is 1670.4 meters. The bridge connects the Beijing-Hankong Railway and the Guangdong-Hankong Railway, becoming the main transportation artery running through the north and south of my country. It also connects the three towns of Wuhan into one, ensuring the integration of the railway and highway networks in the north and south of my country.
When the Great Hall of the People was built in Beijing in 1958, Premier Zhou Enlai pointed out when reviewing the project design: "It must be guaranteed by Mao Yisheng's signature." Party and state leaders have great trust in Mao Yisheng. Mao Yisheng was also extremely responsible for the party's work. He made a comprehensive review and accounting of the structural design of the Great Hall of the People and finally signed it.
Mao Yisheng spent his life learning, building and writing bridges. He has published more than 200 articles in Chinese and foreign newspapers. He presided over the compilation of "History of Chinese Ancient Bridge Technology" and "Chinese Bridges - Ancient Times to Modern Times" (available in five versions: Japanese, English, French, German and Spanish). He is the author of "Qiantang River Bridge", "Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge", "Selected Works of Mao Yisheng's Popular Science Creations" (1 and 2), "Collected Works of Mao Yisheng", etc.
Mao Yisheng, after liberation, served as director of the Railway Research Institute, president of the Academy of Railway Sciences, and vice chairman of the National Association for Science and Technology. Since 1954, he has been elected as a member of the 1st to 5th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, a representative of the National People's Congress, and a member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. In October 1987, Mao Yisheng honorably joined the Communist Party of China. Mao Yisheng has made outstanding contributions to the bridge construction industry in my country and the world. Died of illness on November 12, 1989.
Lü Yanzhi (1894---1929), also known as Zhongyi, also known as Gu Yu. An outstanding architect in modern my country. A native of Hujia Village, Dongping Town, Dongping County, Shandong Province, he was born in Tianjin in 1894. He lost his father when he was young and loved painting. In 1902 (the 28th year of Guangxu reign), he lived with his sister in Paris for several years. He often visits the Louvre Museum and loves painting and sculpture. After returning to China, he studied Chinese at Wucheng School in Beijing. From 1911 to 1913, he studied in the preparatory department of Tsinghua Academy for studying in the United States. From 1913 to 1918, he was sent by the Beijing government to study architectural engineering at Cornell University in the United States (first entering the Department of Electronics, and then transferring to Architecture). From 1918 to 1921, he served as assistant to American architect Murphy. Lu Yanzhi was responsible for the architectural engineering design of Yanjing University in Beijing and Jinling University in Nanjing. He designed modern buildings in traditional Chinese style, which showed his talent for the first time.
After returning to China from September 1921 to 1925, he first worked with Yangmo and Huang Xilin in the Shanghai Southeast Construction Company, designing the design of large-scale construction projects such as the Shanghai Banking Association, and then independently founded the Yanji Architectural Office. .
During this period, most of his architectural designs were small, comfortable and garden-style houses, but he was already studying Chinese classical architecture and striving to integrate the essence of Chinese and Western architectural art, and achieved good results.
On March 12, 1925, Sun Yat-sen passed away in Beijing. In May of that year, the Prime Minister's Funeral Preparatory Committee offered prizes at home and abroad to solicit designs for the Zhongshan Mausoleum, which caused a sensation among architects and artists at home and abroad, and many people signed up. At that time, Lu Yanzhi was still a young architect with little reputation, but he was full of confidence in his talent and learning. He resolutely signed up and competed with many well-known architects at home and abroad. He finally won the first prize and won the first prize. Lu Yanzhi designed the pattern of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, integrating the spirit of ancient Chinese architecture and Western architecture, creating a solemn, simple and unique style. Its entire floor plan is in the shape of an alarm bell, which embodies Dr. Sun Yat-sen's meaning of "awakening the people", so it was unanimously praised by the judges.
From September 1925 to March 1929, he accepted the invitation of the "Mr. Sun Yat-sen Funeral Preparatory Committee" and served as the mausoleum architect. Accepted the appointment of the Nanjing National Government as a special committee member of the Prime Minister’s Cemetery Plan. He devoted himself to research, carefully conceived, and designed the pattern of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, which has distinctive Chinese architectural style and characteristics. As of September 15, the organizing committee had received applications from more than 40 Chinese and foreign architects to design designs. After selection by the selection committee and Chinese and foreign expert consultants, the design designed by Lu Yanzhi ranked first and received a bonus of 2,500 yuan. Representatives of Sun Yat-sen's family and all members of the Preparatory Committee unanimously agreed with Lu Yanzhi's design and decided to hire him as the construction engineer of the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, with a deadline of two months to complete the detailed drawings of the project. After Lu Yanzhi was hired, he went to Nanjing for on-site inspection and quickly drew detailed drawings of the entire project. In December of that year, Shanghai Yao Xinji Construction Company won the bid, and construction of the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum began immediately.
When the construction project of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Nanjing reached its climax, Lu Yanzhi also undertook the architectural design of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall and Sun Yat-sen Monument in Yuexiu Mountain, Guangzhou. The two architectural patterns he designed were selected as first prizes because of their unique conception and high level. After the pattern was selected, he was entrusted by the "Guangzhou Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall Preparatory Committee" to preside over the design work of the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall and the Sun Yat-sen Monument.
Li Yizhi is a famous hydraulic scientist and educator, and a pioneer in my country's modern water conservancy construction. The founder of the China Institute of Water Conservancy, the founder of modern water conservancy in Shaanxi, and the pioneer of modern scientific management of the Yellow River. He advocated that the management of the Yellow River should pay equal attention to the upper, middle and lower reaches, and take into account flood control, shipping, irrigation and hydropower. This has changed the simple focus on the Yellow River for thousands of years. The idea of ??water control in the lower reaches of the Yellow River has taken my country's theory and strategy of Yellow River management a big step forward. He founded my country's first water conservancy engineering institution of higher learning - Nanjing Hohai Engineering Vocational School and many colleges and universities, trained a large number of water conservancy construction talents for our country, and personally presided over the construction of the four major benefit canals of Jing, Wei, Luo and Mei in Shaanxi. , has set a model for my country's modern irrigation projects and made a significant contribution to my country's water conservancy undertakings, benefiting the people of Shaanxi in particular.