1. Application and data security: including authentication, authorization management and data security protection;

2. Host and system security: including standard system security, vulnerability scanning and reinforcement, virus prevention and host security supervision;

3. Network security: including network boundary security, VPN (Virtual Private Network) and firewall;

4. Physical and environmental safety: access control system, camera monitoring and physical environment.

The goal of information security is truthfulness, confidentiality and security. The role of electronic authentication institutions in information security is to issue electronic visa certificates to users and provide users with functions such as membership authentication and key management.

A reliable electronic signature should be tamper-proof and undeniable. The former can ensure the consistency of data and prevent data from being tampered with, while the latter can establish an effective responsibility mechanism to prevent users from denying their actions. Then, can a paper contract be regarded as an electronic contract after being photographed/scanned? Of course not. In fact, digital signature cannot be equated with digital imaging of written signature. It is an electronic signature of electronic documents through cryptographic technology.

Electronic authentication, like electronic signature, is a security mechanism in e-commerce and a service provided by a specific institution to verify the authenticity of electronic signature and its signer.

Real-name authentication is also the key technology for the platform to ensure information security and meet the definition of "reliable electronic signature". Take my platform as an example, there are many authentication methods such as face brushing, identity information, bank card, EID and so on. After the signing parties issue digital certificates with individual identification significance to individuals and enterprise users, they can complete all signing operations such as signing and stamping of electronic documents online. The electronic document is a legal and effective electronic contract and can be used as evidence for safeguarding rights.

A reliable electronic contract should not only ensure the authenticity of the signature and the immutability of the content, but also ensure the accuracy of the time, which involves timestamp technology. Trusted timestamp means that the national legal time source is responsible for ensuring time delivery and on-time monitoring. No organization, including the time stamp center, can modify the time to ensure the authority of the time. Only in this way can the time stamp have legal effect. The core technology of timestamp technology is still digital signature technology.